\mathrm{m}_{\text{ }}$ 1453 2005 85-100 85 ( ) 1. :? $\dagger_{\vee}\mathrm{a}$ (Escherichia $(E.)$ co $l\mathrm{i}$) (Bacillus $(B.)$ subtilis) $0\mu 05\sim 1 $2\sim 4\mu \mathrm{m}$ \nearrow $\mathrm{a}$ 1
88 2) 3). 2. $(B$. subfilis) (B. naito) OG-OI ( ). 9cm $\mathrm{t}\mathrm{v}$ $\mathrm{t}\mathrm{v}$
87 l/(conc. of Agar) $[1f(\mathrm{g}/l)]$ 1:. 3. 2 ( 5cm ) (3 $\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}$ ) 2 $C_{a}$ ( ) $C_{n}$ $35^{\text{ }}\mathrm{c}$ $C_{n}$. 1 4-12) C 1 A
$\mathrm{a}$ $\mathrm{b}$ 88 $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ 2: A A 2 172 $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ A ( ) 13-16) 2 $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ A $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ A A 17) $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ 18) A $C_{a}$ $C_{n}$ $\mathrm{b}$ 3(a) Eden 19,20) ( 3(b) ) $1_{\sqrt}\mathrm{a}_{\mathrm{O}}$
89 (a) (b) $\mathrm{b}$ 3: (a) (b)
$\mathrm{e}$ $\mathrm{e}$ $\mathrm{d}_{\text{ }}$ 90 $\mathrm{d}$ 4: 7 Eden 19-21) $\alpha$ ( ) 078 Eden 05 87, $\mathrm{b}$ Eden $\mathrm{c}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{d}_{\text{ }}$ C 1 A $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{c}_{\text{ }}$ 1 $\mathrm{a}_{\text{ }}$ $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{d}$ 4 1 D 7)
$\mathrm{d}$ 97 $\mathrm{d}$ A $\mathrm{e}$ BM $\langle$ (dense-branching morphology) 5 (a) $\mathrm{d}$ $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ BM A 14-16,22) 5(b) $\mathrm{d}$ $3$ 2 $\text{ }$ $\mathrm{c}$ 11,12,23) 6 ( ) 2 $\text{ }$ $3$ $\text{ }4$ 3 $\mathrm{c}$ 12) (1) $\rangle$ (2 2 quorum ( ) sensing ) 34)
92 (a) (b) $\mathrm{e}$ $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{b}$ 5: (a) M (b)
93 $\mathrm{c}$ 6: ( Proteus $Proteus\rangle\text{ }$ 24-26) mirabilis ( $Se\tau\cdot rat\mathrm{i}amarcescens^{\backslash )}$ 1 A $\mathrm{e}$ $\mathrm{b}$ A $\mathrm{e}$ A 5cm $\mathrm{b}$ A 1 4, 5 $\mathrm{d}$ 1 $\mathrm{c}$ $\mathrm{e}$ A $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{c}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{e}$ A $\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}$ A $\mathrm{d}$ $\}_{\sqrt}\mathrm{a}$ 1
94 $Vg(B)$ $D_{b}$ 7: A $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{c}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{d}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{e}$ 5) 4.. $N(r, t)$ 7
$\mathrm{t}_{l}\mathrm{a}$ 95 8: $B(r, t)$ ; $\frac{\partial B}{\partial t}=\nabla(d_{b}\nabla B)+\nu g(b_{\grave{j}}n)b$ (1) $D_{b}$ 1 2 $\nu$ $g(b, N)$ $D_{b}$ 28) $g(b, N)=1-B/K$ (1) $\frac{\partial B}{\partial t}=d_{b}\nabla^{2}b+l/b(1-\frac{b}{k})$ (2) $\mathrm{d}$ $K$ 28) 7) 8 29-31) 30) $D_{b}=DNB$
$\frac{\partial B}{\partial t}$ $\frac{\partial N}{\partial t}$ $\frac{\partial B_{a}}{\partial t}$ $\frac{\partial N}{\partial t,}$ $=\nabla^{2}n-nb_{a}$ 96 9: $D=d\{1+\omega(r)\}$ ( $d$ ) $\iota/=1_{\text{ }}g(b, n)=n$ $\omega(r)$ $ \omega <1$ $=$ $d\nabla\cdot\{(1+\omega)nb\nabla B\}+NB$, (3) $=$ $\nabla^{2}n-nb$ (4) $d$ $n_{0}$ A $\mathrm{e}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{d}$ $\mathrm{c}$ $\mathrm{e}$ ) ( 5(b) ) $B(r, t)$ 32) $B_{a}(r, t)$ $B_{i}(r, t)$ $B=B_{a}+B_{i}$ 9 : $=$ $d\nabla^{2}b_{a}+\epsilon NB_{a}-a(B_{a}, N)B_{a}$, (5), (6)
$\frac{\partial B_{i}}{\partial t}$ 97 $d$ 10:. $=$ $a(b_{a}, N)B_{a}$. (7) 1 ( 1 ) $a(b_{a}, N)$ 1 3 $\alpha(b_{a_{?}}n)$ $N$ $a(b_{a}, N)$ B $a(b_{a}, N)$ $a(b_{a}, N)=a_{0}(1+N)^{-1}(1[perp], B_{a})^{-1}$ 32). 10 $\mathrm{c}$ 32) 1 10 no $d$ $C_{n}$ $C_{a}^{-1}$ ( 1)
Hout B 98 5. $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{b}$ 10 1 ( 3(b) ) 3 Db=dlB (5) 1 $n_{0}$ $d_{1}$ A $\mathrm{b}_{\text{ }}\mathrm{d}$ 33) Db=d0+dlB $d_{1}$ $n_{0}$ $d_{0}$ 33) 5 $\mathrm{b}$ $\mathrm{c}$ $\mathrm{c}$ 1 $\mathrm{c}$ $\mathrm{c}$ $ (2$. 1 : $\mathrm{o}$ ( ) 1) P. Ball: Critical Mass - One Thing Leals to Another -, (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 2004). 2) P. Singleton: Introluction to Bacteria, 2nd ed (Wiley, New York, i992). 3) J. A. Shapiro and M. Dworkin (ed.): Bacteria as Multicellular Orgamisms (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1997).
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