SRM TMETransmissible Mink Encephalopathy CWDChronic Wasting Disease BSE 1
WB IHC BSE SRM SSOPHACCP BSE AMR 2
BSE BSE 3
4
15 48 24 3 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE 17 5 24 1)2) 3) 4) BSE 5) BSE 2003 5 21 6) 2003 12 24 7) BSE 8) 9) SPS 10) 5
BSE BSE 2004 11 2004 4 24 BSE 3 BSE BSE SRM 3 BSE 12) 20049 BSE 4) 1015BSE 13) 10234 SRM 20 14) 20 13) SRMBSE 1026 2005 5) 524 1) 2003 5 21 BSE 2003 7 15) 2004 11 SRM 20 16) 5 24 2) 6
17) 18)BSE 2001 10 EC 2004 9 10 13) 2005 5 5) BSE SRM 20 19) 20) BSE 7
BSE SRM SSOPHACCP AMR BSE BSE BSE BSE 450 9,500 20 130 3,500 30 21) BSE BSE 1,500 3 800 160 500 450 3 21) 1989 BSE 22) 1997 22) 1980 90 BSE 323 327 8
23) 117 BSE 23) 206 210 323 117327 1171980 2003 563 1,762 23) 66 51 23) 497 1,711 563 661,762 511980 2003 80 1986 1989 16 60 90 100 23) 1990 2003 0 242 2 23) 100 24) 206 210 5 17 497/100 1,711/100 33 16 25) 0.16 16/100 211 227 206+5 210+17 6 7 211/33227/33 96 23) 4 26),27) BSE 33 1.5 1.8 (6 7)/4 1.5 7 1990 22) 1994 BSE 1996 BSE 22) 19802003 231698 28) 1993 500 2 28) 1980 1990 231 117 114 28) 117 198 { 231114 698500 19802003 } 308324 28) 58 33 28) 9
250291 { 30858324331980 2003 } 16,000340,000 100 1 24) 117 198 3 250/100291/100 120201 { 117 31983 } 4 6 120/33201/33 1989 BSE 22) 1997 2000 22) 5 140 1980 2003 23) 1989 39 1997 1999 77t 23) 524t 140 (39 77 684 2,1291980 2003 23) 227,572 405,863t 23) 1995 2000 9,000t 1987 2001 56,000 1999 2001 31,000 25) 100 12 45 684 2,129 /100 + 5 24 560 56,000/100 1988 22) 1990 BSE 2000 BSE 22) 19802003 0 149t 2 28) 149t 28) 0t 5,710 11,046t 0 11t 5,699 11,046t 28) 0 11t{ 5,710 5,69911,046 11,046 } 0 26t 10
250,000 310,000t 28) 100 1 0 0.11t 0/100 11/100 560t 1/5,100 1990 1,245 25) 29) 1994 29) 1995 643t 29) GBR 1999 2001 3,000t 2,000t 29) 29) 1994 29) 1995 100t 29) 1/2 1/12 33,000 6,500 10,000 3,000 5,000 25,00012,000 7,200 4,200 1,200 25) BSE 1/10 1/100 1.57 4 6 1/12~1/47 5,100 1/2 1/12 1.57 11
BSE 80 90% 60 21) SRM 1997 8 30) 200312BSE20041 31) 2004SRM 32) 2005 2005104FDABSE 33) BSE 30 0.15% 19978 34) 200412 SRM 35)36) 200510 1996 4 37) 2001 9 BSE 10 38) 2005 4 39) 1996 4 1997 12
8 2001 10 3 BSE 0.290.6 40 42) 1990 2004 1/40.10.360.290.60.290.6 2002 20 2004 1.5 1997 30) 2005 5 80 205255 996,1216,199 43) FDA 44) General Accounting OfficeGAO 45) 1998 3070 46) 1997 5058 47) 2005 6 97 48) 2005 6 FDA 12,575 FDA 3,288 8 90 97.1 48) 2005 2 25 GAO FDA BSE 45) CFIA 2005 1 BSE 1997 CFIA 49) 2005 5 13
7923 29 83456550 43) 50) 1996 4 37) 2001 9 165 5,129 51) 2001 10 38) 52) SRM 53) 665 1,274 3 54) 2005 3 54) 2002 2004 1 SRM BSE 99.4SRM 55)SRM SRM 53) SRM 56) 30 SRM 57) SRM 58) 30 SRM SRM SRM 2004 1 59) FDA 2005 10 4 33) TMETransmissible Mink Encephalopathy BSE TSE Transmissible Spongiform EncephalopathyTME TME TME 1985 TME TME TME 60) 1997 14
30) TME 61) 2004 2 TME CWDChronic Wasting Disease 1967 mule 1996 60) CWD 1% 71 1% 17% 62) CWD BSE 63) CWD CWD BSE 1997 30)34) BSE ECBSE 8,000 ID50 ID5050% 55) 99.4 55) SRM 1 P=1 10,000 ID50 OIE 1333 20 1/100 64) 100 ID50 10 P=0.1 10 10 10 ID50 100 P=1 100 10 1 10 100 10 100ID50 10 ID50 10 10 5 1 1 5 1 15
100 BSE 1990 5 24 46) 1993 (Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceAPHIS) National Veterinary Services Laboratories NVSL)IHC Immunohistochemistry 65)66) 1990 2001 16,829 67) 2002 2 IHC 2002 2004 5 31 57,654 67) BSE 1 2003 12 68) 2004 6 69) ELISA(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) IHC 2005 7 3 383,477 70) 16
2 BSE 2005 6 71) 1990199329 ELISA 72) NVSL State Veterinary Diagnostic LaboratoriesSVDL12 13 73) 2005 5 29 369,467 ELISA 74) 3 IHC 2005 6 3 (Office of Inspector General OIG) WB Western blot WB (National Animal Disease CenterNADC) Veterinary Laboratories AgencyVLA WB IHC IHC 71) 75) 2004 ELISA 2005 5 WB ELISA WB IHC IHC BSE 2005 6 OIE Manual of Standards WB 76) WB BSE 17
1992BSE 19922003 77)78) 19931 BSEIHC 79) 20 035BSE1 BSE20041ELISA 200423,55020052 005141820,9492005122200 5 1 11 77) BSE19921994IHC 79) 20039WB2004 ELISA 79) TSE CFIAWBELISA National Centre for Foreign Animal DiseaseNCFADBSEIHC IHCWB 78)80) 18
1) 2) BSE 3) 1994200128) 282005610) 1996 81) 1996 2001 2,247 2001 9 BSE 81) 2003 4 24 81) 2004 4 24 81) ELISA WB IHC 82) 82) 2005 9 24 202,398 ELISA IHC WB 2005 BSE 20 788 ELISA 2001 10 BSE BSE 12) ELISA WB IHC BSE 114 ELISA WB IHC 19
12) 2005 10 31 4,974,937 15 BSE 83) BSE BSE BSE 20 BSE 4 4 24 BSE 4 1.5 24 OIE BSE BSE 2 ELISA WB IHC 84) NVSL Standard operation procedure Appendix 1 (Obex) 72) ELISA 72) 77) 78) EU 3 12) a) WB OIE Manual of Standards WB SAF Immunoblot 76) 1995 1997 Proteinase K SAF SAF 20
350g WB b) (IHC ) IHC 1993 2005 5 IHC NVSL SOP GPPISOP 0032.03 72) OIE IHC OIE manual 85) ELISA WB IHC 12) IHC 2005 WB ELISA WB IHC IHC EU BSE BSE BSE 86) BSE 0.0028%2004 0.000262004 6 2005 6 21 0.00382004 6 1 2005 6 21 87) 9,500 450 21) 4,200 3,300 900 192 77 115 88) 94 19 98,100 8,300 24 88) 3,350 126 88) 2003 BSE 126 90 21
BSE BSE 11 3 BSE 35 39 1 88) 113 3 1100/35 BSE 1 2 /90 12.33 /11 270 1 3/113 270 1/12.3 BSE 1 2 32 2004 6 1 2005 6 21 BSE 0.0038% 52,817 80,000 66 87 BSE 3 5.3 2 8 3 2 90 12.3 90 3 3/8 90 1/12.3 360 22 6360 /98 6 7 5 6 4 5 100 5 6 100 1 100 5 6 BSE 22
BSE(2003) 9,500 4,200 3,300 900 1,500 600 500 100 450 200 77 115 46 82 3,350 190.57% 503,3001.5%) 449004.8% 113 430 53,000 130 8,3000.66% 11,300771.7% 86,8001158.7%) 10.6 30270 27011313 3935%1 3/ 90833 5.32 3/ 12624409 3090 901123 12.3 1132011 902 30 1 30 4/380 6/98 5/100 32/3,000 36 951 22/360 28 161 12/30 67 1005 BSE 1.5 7 4 6 1/12 1/47 1/5,100 BSE BSE SRM 10 7 1.5 BSE BSE 5 6 4 5 20 30 3 BSE 100 BSE 23
20 20 20 30 89) 20 40 19)90) 58) 2004 11 4,500 3,338 40 90) 21 237 A50 A40 18 21 1,748 A50 A40 21 40 99 1.92%439 99% 0.95% 91) 90 2,510 1040 251 21 48,00024,000 100 1 BSE 1 20 1 20 1 40 1 2001 1 2002 7 1 2005 3 92) 95) 20 2003 12 24
96) 90 2,510 2,700 1,650 1,050 400 2,430 80 20 97) 98) 2005 10% 25% 58) 99) 40 10 99) 430 20 21) 100) 130 24 22 42 35 101) BSE 20 BSE 18 2 102) BSE 103) 105) 1 5,000 58)106) 107) 2 1 2,500 1 300 1 8 12 1 400 3 104) 1 175 2 150 175 2 150 50100 1 1 4 1 80 BSE 20 BSE 25
BSE 18 BSE 1 20 108) BSE 2001 9 BSE 10 BSE BSE 54 2005 8 BSE 21 109) 2005 10 BSE 30 2005 7 25 34 110) BSE 2004 1 57) 2000 79) 2004 10 160 149 30 19 111) 2004 12 80% 112) 54) 2005 113) 80% SRM SRM SRM 30 26
2005 10 30 SRM 57) 114) SRM 19) 20) SRM 114) 116) 2001 9 BSE GFAP 117) 91.92005 1 111) 30 2 3 5 6 58) 116) GFAP SSOPHACCP SSOPSanitation Standard Operating Procedures 118) HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point2005 3 SSOP SSOP HACCP 89)119) SRM SSOP 2 120) SRM Food Safety and Inspection ServiceFSIS SRM 2004 1 2005 5 1,036 121) 1,036 1,036 HACCP 405 SRM SRM 467 164 SSOPHACCP SRM 27
6 BSE BSE BSE BSE VLA BSE 122) 123) 61826 32 719971 98 BSE 61018 2722 24 10 5 1 45 122) 123) BSE BSE 94 BSE 124) 125) BSE BSE BSE 1992 20 BSE BSE 2004 49 2005 38 BSE BSE AMR 30 1 10 58) 30 30 58) 21 20 AMR 28
SRM 30 AMR AMR 57) AMR 126) BSE SRM BSE 6 127) BSE 3 BSE WB 3 2 IHC 3 1 BSE 128) FSIS 2005 10 7 2005 11 7 129) SRM SRM SSOP 119) 130) A40 A40 A40 20 A40 21 BSE 20 BSE BSE 20 29
BSE BSE SRM SSOPHACCP 80 SRM 20 BSE A40 SRM 2001 4 2005 5 6 BSE 20 2004 2004 2 BSE 100 100 100 2 3 5 6 10 20 20 20 2,510 360 130 30
BSE 2 3 5 6 5 6 100 1 12 20 BSE 1 80 80 BSE SRM AMR HACCPSSOP SRM HACCP SSOP GFAP SSOP 31
10 250 20 70 130 20 A40 40 10 250 20 10 250 20 70 130 500 70 250 70 BSE BSE SRM 20 2 1 32
SRM SRM BSE BSE BSE 99.4% SRM SRM 21 33
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