1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9,,,,,,., renal artery stenosis: RAS, aneurysm of renal artery, dissection of renal artery. atherosclerotic: ARAS, fibromuscular dysplasia: FMD,, chronic kidney disease: CKD,. RAS,CKD 65 6. 8, 20, 35 52. 45 50 ARAS 41,16 RAS.,, 1 4. 2009 JSH 2009 1.30 50 2., 3. ACE ARB 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.,, class Ⅰ Table 1. ARAS,FMD.,,, Table 2.FMD,., 60 75, 25 30, 9, 5. 90, 10, 1. 2 / 3, string of beads 1, 2,, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 389
Class Ⅰ 1. Duplex 2.CT 3.MR 4. Table 1 Class Ⅲ 1. 2. 3. 4. ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Lower Extremity, Renal, Mesenteric, and Abdominal Aortic Circulation. 2006;113:e463 e654 Table 2 FMD 10 Fig. 1 FMD..a,b Fig. 1. renal infarction,,,, CKD.,, Fig. 2.,,,,, Fig. 3. 6.., 390 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 2 Fig. 3 3. 5 5 MHz, 2. 5 3. 5 MHz., 55, FR 20, FR 10 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014). 30 50 cm/s. 10 20 cm/s., 391
Fig. 4 a,b Fig. 5 Fig. 4.,tilting scan Fig. 5.,.,,,.,,, Fig. 6., Table 3..,, Fig. 7.,..,,,.,, Fig. 7.,.,,,.,,, Fig. 8. Ao, RA, Fig. 8. 392 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 6, Table 3 1 2 3 4 83 15 1 0 86 12 1 0.2 7, 6 n 855 Uğur Özkan, Levent Oğuzkurt, Fahri Tercan, Osman Kızılkılıç, Zafer Koç, Nihal Koca: Renal artery origins and variations: angiographic evaluation of 855 consecutive patients, Diagn Interv Radiol 2006; 12:183 186 Fig. 7 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 393
Fig. 8.AT: acceleration time,ri: resistance index,psv: peak systolic verocity., 9,.2009 Fig. 9,.,,,., 60, Fig. 9, 10.Ao RA,RA, FMD Fig. 1,,.,, 3 Fig. 4 b, 8..,., 10 cm, 10. 5 cm,. peak systolic velocity: PSV end-diastolic velocity: EDV,PSV EDV,, 3 Fig. 11. 394 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 10 Fig. 11 PSV, EDV, Fig. 12. renal aortic ratio RAR Ao RA PSV RAR RA/Ao Fig. 7, 13.,, 60,. PSV, accelaration time: AT,, RI,,.,. Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),early systolic peak ESP,AT Fig. 14. pulsatility index PI resistance index RI PI, Fig. 15,.RI, Fig. 15. 395
Fig. 12 Fig. 13 a RAR,b RAR Fig. 14 early systolic peak ESP 396 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 15 PI RI Table 4 Peak systolic velocity 180 cm/s RAR PSV / PSV 3.5 ESP AT 0.07 sec RI 0.15 Guidelines for the Reporting of Renal Artery Revascularization in Clinical Trials Circulation. 2002;106:1572 1585,AT,PSV EDV, Table 4.RAS, Table 5. AT AT, 70 msec,100 msec 120 msec, Fig. 16., AT Fig. 17. PSV PSV, 100 cm/sec,, PSV 180 cm/s EDV 90 cm/s.,50 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 180 cm/s,60 3 m/s.,,.,psv 220 cm/s.,psv 25 cm/s, Vmax 30 cm/s. RAR renal aortic ratio Fig. 13 RAR,3. 5. RI resistance index RI,,,,.,RI 0. 8,, RI Fig. 18,, 397
Table 5 RAS 1.,, Class Ⅰ, LOE B RAS 2.,, Class Ⅱa, LOE B RAS 3., RAS RAS Class Ⅱa, LOE B 4. RAS Class Ⅱa, LOE B 5., Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS RAS 6., Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS 7., RAS Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS renal artery stenosis. 7cm Circulation 113, e463 e654. 2006 Fig. 16 AT.,RI.,,RI 0. 15. PI pulsatility index PI,. Fig. 19,.,.,.., 0. 1.,., 1. 5 cm,2 2. 5 cm,,,,,., Fig. 20,.,,,..B, Fig. 21., 398 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 17 Fig. 18 RI PI,RI.,aneurysmal type cirsoid type.aneurysmal B,. Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),. B, 399
Fig. 19 a,b Fig. 20 Fig. 21 Fig. 22.,,., Fig. 23. 400 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 22 Fig. 23 MRI Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 401
葉間動脈血流波形 葉間動脈血流波形 Fig. 24 Fig. 25, Fig. 24, /.,,,,. Fig. 22 A-V fistula,shunt Fig. 21, B.A-V shunt,.,a-v,,pi,ri.,1 5 402 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)
Fig. 26,,. PSV 2 m/sec PSV PSV 3. 5. acute tubular necrosis: ATN,, Fig. 25. ATN.,..,,,,PI,RI Fig. 26.,2013,.,, Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),.. 1 Textor SC. Progressive hypertension in a patient with incidental renal artery stenosis. Hypertension. 2002; 40 5 :595 600. 2 Rihal CS, Textor SC, Breen JF, et al. Incidental renal artery stenosis among a prospective cohort of hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography. Mayo Clin Proc. 2002;77 4 :309 16. 3 Hansen KJ, Edwards MS, Craven TE, et al. Prevalence of renovascular disease in the elderly: a population-based study. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36 3 :443 51. 4 Rundback JH, Murphy TP, Cooper C, et al. Chronic renal ischemia: pathophysiologic mechanisms of cardiovascular and renal disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2002; 13 11 :1085 92. Review. 5 Vachharajani TJ, Dacie JE, Yaqoob MM, et al. Detection of occult renovascular disease in unexplained chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol. 2005;37 4 :793 6. 6 Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic. Circulation. 2006;113 11 : e463 654. 7 Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, et al. Management of patients with peripheral artery disease compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline recommendations : a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127 13 :1425 43. 8 Ogihara T, Kikuchi K, Matsuoka H, et al. The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension JSH 2009. Hypertens Res. 2009;32 403
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