南アジアのジェンダーと結婚慣習 - Missing women、結婚持参金、交換婚、児童婚
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1 Missing women December 12, / 34
2 : 5 (Watta Satta) / 34
3 ( ) () (Son preference) ( ) First Best Second Best ( Best) (Watta Satta) First Best 3 / 34
4 (Sen 1990) DEfig84 : Sex-selective abortion() Female infanticide( ) ( ) ( ) Son preference (Behrman 1988) (Rosenzweig and Schultz 1982; Basu and Basu 1991; Munshi and Rosenzweig 2006; Jensen 2012) Spend Rs 500, Save Rs 500, Punjab Haryana UP map 4 / 34
5 Son preference Son preference (fertility) Son preference ( ) 5 / 34
6 Dyson and Moore Dyson and Moore (1983): (,, ) dyson83fig1 (hypergamy) (exogamy) (endogamy) (Jejeebhoy and Sathar 2001) Dyson and Moore (Rahman and Rao 2004) 6 / 34
7 ( ) ( ) dowry (Sex selective abortion Female infanticide) ( Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961) (Kishwar 1989; Narayan 1997; Leslie 1998; Palriwala 2009) 7 / 34
8 Becker(1991) ( ) (Boserup 2007; Anderson 2007a) () ( ) (Rao 1993; Anderson 2007b; Arunachalam and Logan 2008) 8 / 34
9 Becker(1991) (patrilocality) () (Botticini and Siow 2003; Arunachalam and Logan 2016) (patrilineality) 9 / 34
10 (Tambiah 1973) (Anderson 2003, 2007a) / (Anderson 2004) 10 / 34
11 (1) Arunachalam and Logan (2016) (Behrman et al 1999; Mbiti 2008; Behrman, Birdsall, and Deolalikar 1995; Deolalikar and Rao 1998) (Zhang and Chan 1999; Brown 2009) 11 / 34
12 (2) Zhang and Chan (1999) Brown (2009), Jejeebhoy (2000) Bloch and Rao (2002) Srinivasan and Bedi (2007) DV Suran et al (2004) Makino(2015) 12 / 34
13 (Watta Satta) (Watta Satta) ( ) Watta Satta watta satta 20 50% Watta Satta Watta Satta NGO Makino(2015) Watta Satta Watta Satta Watta Satta Second Best (Jacoby and Mansuri 2010) Watta Satta DV 13 / 34
14 jensen03fig1a (18 ) 70% jensen03fig1b 14 / 34
15 (Jensen and Thornton 2003; Field and Ambrus 2008): DV 15 / 34
16 : () 16 / 34
17 : 17 / 34
18 ( ) (Jensen 2012; Heath and Mobarak 2015) 18 / 34
19 (Dyson-Moore ) ( ) 19 / 34
20 References Anderson, Siwan 2003 Why Dowry Payments Declined with Modernization in Europe but Are Rising in India, Journal of Political Economy 111(2): Anderson, Siwan 2004 Dowry and Property Rights BREAD Working Paper, 80 Anderson, Siwan 2007a The Economics of Dowry and Brideprice, Journal of Economic Perspectives 21(4): Anderson, Siwan 2007b Why the Marriage Squeeze Cannot Cause Dowry Inflation, Journal of Economic Theory 137: Arunachalam, Raj, and Trevon Logan 2016 On the Heterogeneity of Dowry Motives, Journal of Population Economics 29(1): Arunachalam, Raj, and Trevon Logan 2008 Is There Dowry Inflation in South Asia? NBER Working Papers, Basu, Alaka Malwade and Kaushik Basu 1991 Women s Economic Roles and Child Survival: The Case of India, Health Transition Review 1(1): 1 20 Becker, Gary S, 1991 A Treatise on the Family, Enl Edition Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Behrman, Jere R 1988 Intrahousehold Allocation of Nutrients in Rural India: Are Boys Favored? Do Parents Exhibit Inequality Aversion?, Oxford Economic Papers 40(1): Behrman, Jere R, Andrew D Foster, Mark R Rosenzweig, and Prem Vashishtha 1999 Women s Schooling, Home Teaching, and Economic Growth, Journal of Political Economy 107(4): / 34
21 References Behrman, Jere R, Nancy Birdsall, Anil Deolalikar 1995 Marriage Markets, Labor Markets, and Unobserved Human Capital: An Empirical Exploration for South-Central India, Economic Development and Cultural Change 43(3): Bloch, Francis and Vijayendra Rao 2002 Terror as a Bargaining Instrument: A Case Study of Dowry Violence in Rural India, American Economic Review 92(4): Boserup, Ester 2007 Women s Role in Economic Development, London, UK: Earthscan Botticini, Maristella, and Aloysius Siow 2003 Why Dowries? American Economic Review 93(4): Brown, Phillip H 2009 Dowry and Intrahousehold Bargaining: Evidence from China, Journal of Human Resources 44(1): Deolalikar, Anil B, Vijayendra Rao 1998 The Demand for Dowries and Bride Characteristics in Marriage: Empirical Estimates of Rural South-Central India, in Maithreyi Krishnaraj, Ratna M Sudarshan, and Abusaleh Shariff eds Gender, Populations and Development, London, UK: Oxford University Press Dyson, Tim and Mick Moore 1983 On Kinship Structure, Female Autonomy, and Demographic Behavior in India, Population and Development Review 9(1): Field, Erica and Attila Ambrus 2008 Early Marriage, Age of Menarche, and Female Schooling Attainment in Bangladesh, Journal of Political Economy 116(5): / 34
22 References Heath, Rachel, and Mobarak A Mushfiq 2015 Manufacturing Growth and the Lives of Bangladesh Women, Journal of Development Economics 115: 1 15 Jacoby, Hanan, and Ghazala Mansuri 2010 Watta Satta: Bride Exchange and Women s Welfare in Rural Pakistan, American Economic Review 100(4): Jejeebhoy, Shireen J 2000 Women s Autonomy: Dimensions and Context, in Harriet B Presser, and Gita Sen eds Women s Empowerment and Demographic Processes, New York, NY: Oxford University Press Jejeebhoy, Shireen J and Zeba A Sathar 2001 Women s Autonomy in India and Pakistan: The Influence of Religion and Region, Population and Development Review 27(4): Jensen, Robert 2012 Do Labor Market Opportunities Affect Young Women s Work and Family Decisions? Experimental Evidence from India, Quarterly Journal of Economics 127(2): Jensen, Robert and Rebecca Thornton 2003 Early Female Marriage in the Developing World, Gender and Development 11(2): 9 19 Kishwar, Madhu 1989 Towards More Just Norms for Marriage: Continuing the Dowry Debate, Manushi 53: 2 9 Leslie, Juliea 1998 Dowry, Dowry Deaths and Violence against Women: A Journey of Discovery, in Werner Menski ed South Asians and the Dowry Problem, New Delhi: Vistaar Publications, pp Makino, Momoe 2015 Marriage, Dowry, and Women s Status in Rural Punjab, Pakistan, IDE Discussion Papers, / 34
23 References Mbiti, Isaac M 2008 Monsoon Wedding? The Effect of Female Labor Demand on Marriage Markets in India Mimeo Southern Methodist University Munshi, Kaivan and Mark Rosenzweig 2006 Traditional Institutions Meet the Modern World: Caste, Gender, and Schooling Choice in a Globalizing Economy, American Economic Review 96(4): Narayan, Uma 1997 Dislocating Cultures: Identities, Traditions, and Third World Feminism, New York, NY: Routledge Palriwala, Rajni 2009 The Spider s Web: Seeing Dowry, Fighting Dowry, in Tamsin Bradley, Emma Tomalin, and Mangala Subramaniam eds Dowry: Bridging the Gap between Theory and Practice, New Delhi, India: Women Unlimited, pp Rahman, Lupin and Vijayendra Rao 2004 Gender Equity in India: Examining Dyson and Moore s Thesis with New Data, Population and Development Review 30(2): Rao, Vijayendra 1993 The Rising Price of Husbands: A Hedonic Analysis of Dowry Increases in Rural India, Journal of Political Economy 101(4): Rosenzweig, Mark R and T Paul Schultz 1982 Market Opportunities, Genetic Endowments, and Intrafamily Resource Distribution: Child Survival in Rural India, American Economic Review 72(4): Sen, Amartya 1990 More than 100 Million Women are Missing, New York Review of Books 37(20): Srinivasan, Sharada and Arjun S Bedi 2007 Domestic Violence and Dowry: Evidence from a South Indian Village, World Development 35(5): / 34
24 References Suran, Luciana, Sajeda Amin, Lopita Huq, and Kobita Chowdury 2004 Does Dowry Improve Life for Brides? A Test of the Bequest Theory of Dowry in Rural Bangladesh, Policy Research Division Working Paper 195, Population Council Tambiah, Stanley J 1973 Dowry and Bridewealth and the Property Rights of Women in South Asia, in Jack R Goody and Stanley J Tambiah eds Bridewealth and Dowry, Cambridge Papers in Social Anthropology, No7, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press Zhang, Junsen and William Chan 1999 Dowry and Wife s Welfare: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, Journal of Political Economy 107(4): / 34
25 go back Source: Ray, Debraj 1998 Developing Economics Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
26 go back Source: 2016
27 go back Source: Dyson and Moore (1983)
28 go back Source: Dyson and Moore (1983)
29 go back Source: Dyson and Moore (1983) Note: The last column should be interpreted as ratio of female to male mortality rates
30 go back Source: Dyson and Moore (1983)
31 go back Source:
32 go back Source:
33 go back Source: Jensen and Thornton (2003)
34 go back Source: Jensen and Thornton (2003)
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はじめに 1. dowry と ダウリ 2. ダウリと上昇婚 3. インドにおける 財産権 と 婚姻 4. ムスリム女性と婚姻 財産権 5. ヒンドゥー女性と婚姻 財産権 6. クリスチャンの女性と婚姻 財産権 終わりに はじめに bridegroom price' Caplan hypergamy hypogamy cf Tambiah 1. Dowryと ダウリ dowry http://newsbbccouk/
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