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4 2 Rutherford 89 Rydberg λ = R ( n 2 ) n 2 n = n +,n +2, n = Lyman n =2 Balmer n =3 Paschen R Rydberg R = cm 896 Zeeman Zeeman Zeeman Lorentz

2 Rutherford 2. Rutherford N. Bohr Rutherford 859 Kirchhoff Bunsen 86 Maxwell Maxwell 885 Balmer λ Balmer λ = 364.56 n 2 n 2 4 Lyman, Paschen 3 nm, n =3, 4, 5, 4 2 Rutherford 89 Rydberg λ = R ( n 2 ) n

ssp2_fixed.dvi

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V(x) m e V 0 cos x π x π V(x) = x < π, x > π V 0 (i) x = 0 (V(x) V 0 (1 x 2 /2)) n n d 2 f dξ 2ξ d f 2 dξ + 2n f = 0 H n (ξ) (ii) H

199 1 1 199 1 1. Vx) m e V cos x π x π Vx) = x < π, x > π V i) x = Vx) V 1 x /)) n n d f dξ ξ d f dξ + n f = H n ξ) ii) H n ξ) = 1) n expξ ) dn dξ n exp ξ )) H n ξ)h m ξ) exp ξ )dξ = π n n!δ n,m x = Vx)

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ELECTRONIC IMAGING IN ASTRONOMY Detectors and Instrumentation 5 Instrumentation and detectors

ELECTRONIC IMAGING IN ASTRONOMY Detectors and Instrumentation 5 Instrumentation and detectors 4 2017/5/10 Contents 5.4 Interferometers 5.4.1 The Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) 5.4.2 The Fabry-Perot

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eto-vol1.dvi

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QMI_10.dvi

75 8 8.1 8.1.1 8.1 V 0 > 0 V ) = 0 < a) V 0 a a ) 0 a0 ft) ft) = e iωt ω = Ē h 8.2) ω 76 8 1 1 2 2m 1 k d

QMI_09.dvi

63 6 6.1 6.1.1 6.1 V 0 > 0 V ) = 0 < a) V 0 a a ) 0 a0 Ct) Ct) = e iωt ω = Ē h 6.2) ω 64 6 1 1 2 2m 1 k d

(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x

Compton Scattering Beaming exp [i k x ωt] k λ k π/λ ω πν k ω/c k x ωt ω k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag + ++ x β ct, x O O x O O v k α k α β, γ k γ k βk, k γ k + βk k γ k k, k γ k + βk 3 k k 4 k 3 k

Xray.dvi

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QMI_10.dvi

... black body radiation black body black body radiation Gustav Kirchhoff 859 895 W. Wien O.R. Lummer cavity radiation ν ν +dν f T (ν) f T (ν)dν = 8πν2 c 3 kt dν (Rayleigh Jeans) (.) f T (ν) spectral energy

9 1. (Ti:Al 2 O 3 ) (DCM) (Cr:Al 2 O 3 ) (Cr:BeAl 2 O 4 ) Ĥ0 ψ n (r) ω n Schrödinger Ĥ 0 ψ n (r) = ω n ψ n (r), (1) ω i ψ (r, t) = [Ĥ0 + Ĥint (

9 1. (Ti:Al 2 O 3 ) (DCM) (Cr:Al 2 O 3 ) (Cr:BeAl 2 O 4 ) 2. 2.1 Ĥ ψ n (r) ω n Schrödinger Ĥ ψ n (r) = ω n ψ n (r), (1) ω i ψ (r, t) = [Ĥ + Ĥint (t)] ψ (r, t), (2) Ĥ int (t) = eˆxe cos ωt ˆdE cos ωt, (3)

(iii) 0 V, x V, x + 0 = x. 0. (iv) x V, y V, x + y = 0., y x, y = x. (v) 1x = x. (vii) (α + β)x = αx + βx. (viii) (αβ)x = α(βx)., V, C.,,., (1)

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m(ẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee (2.118) e iωt P(ω) = χ(ω)e = ex = e2 E(ω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ (2.119) Z N ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.120)

2.6 2.6.1 mẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee 2.118) e iωt Pω) = χω)e = ex = e2 Eω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ 2.119) Z N ϵω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j 2.120) Z ω ω j γ j f j f j f j sum j f j = Z 2.120 ω ω j, γ ϵω) ϵ

July 28, H H 0 H int = H H 0 H int = H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S =e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) =e iht O S e i

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2.2 h h l L h L = l cot h (1) (1) L l L l l = L tan h (2) (2) L l 2 l 3 h 2.3 a h a h (a, h)

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4/15 No.

4/15 No. 1 4/15 No. 4/15 No. 3 Particle of mass m moving in a potential V(r) V(r) m i ψ t = m ψ(r,t)+v(r)ψ(r,t) ψ(r,t) = ϕ(r)e iωt ψ(r,t) Wave function steady state m ϕ(r)+v(r)ϕ(r) = εϕ(r) Eigenvalue problem

p = mv p x > h/4π λ = h p m v Ψ 2 Ψ

II p = mv p x > h/4π λ = h p m v Ψ 2 Ψ Ψ Ψ 2 0 x P'(x) m d 2 x = mω 2 x = kx = F(x) dt 2 x = cos(ωt + φ) mω 2 = k ω = m k v = dx = -ωsin(ωt + φ) dt = d 2 x dt 2 0 y v θ P(x,y) θ = ωt + φ ν = ω [Hz] 2π

Gmech08.dvi

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02-量子力学の復習

4/17 No. 1 4/17 No. 2 4/17 No. 3 Particle of mass m moving in a potential V(r) V(r) m i ψ t = 2 2m 2 ψ(r,t)+v(r)ψ(r,t) ψ(r,t) Wave function ψ(r,t) = ϕ(r)e iωt steady state 2 2m 2 ϕ(r)+v(r)ϕ(r) = εϕ(r)

総研大恒星進化概要.dvi

The Structure and Evolution of Stars I. Basic Equations. M r r =4πr2 ρ () P r = GM rρ. r 2 (2) r: M r : P and ρ: G: M r Lagrange r = M r 4πr 2 rho ( ) P = GM r M r 4πr. 4 (2 ) s(ρ, P ) s(ρ, P ) r L r T

Molecule tomic rbital bridied tomic rbital Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Rule Molecular rbital 2 1+ + 1+ 1+ 1+ 2 9+ + 9+ 9+ 9+ 2 1+ 1+ 1s 1s 2 9+ 9+ 2p 2p 9+ () 2 (2p ) 2 (2p ) 2 (2p ) 1 Energ

ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 +

2.6 2.6.1 ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.121) Z ω ω j γ j f j

6 2 T γ T B (6.4) (6.1) [( d nm + 3 ] 2 nt B )a 3 + nt B da 3 = 0 (6.9) na 3 = T B V 3/2 = T B V γ 1 = const. or T B a 2 = const. (6.10) H 2 = 8π kc2

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Gmech08.dvi

145 13 13.1 13.1.1 0 m mg S 13.1 F 13.1 F /m S F F 13.1 F mg S F F mg 13.1: m d2 r 2 = F + F = 0 (13.1) 146 13 F = F (13.2) S S S S S P r S P r r = r 0 + r (13.3) r 0 S S m d2 r 2 = F (13.4) (13.3) d 2

chap1.dvi

1 1 007 1 e iθ = cos θ + isin θ 1) θ = π e iπ + 1 = 0 1 ) 3 11 f 0 r 1 1 ) k f k = 1 + r) k f 0 f k k = 01) f k+1 = 1 + r)f k ) f k+1 f k = rf k 3) 1 ) ) ) 1+r/)f 0 1 1 + r/) f 0 = 1 + r + r /4)f 0 1 f

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chap03.dvi

99 3 (Coriolis) cm m (free surface wave) 3.1 Φ 2.5 (2.25) Φ 100 3 r =(x, y, z) x y z F (x, y, z, t) =0 ( DF ) Dt = t + Φ F =0 onf =0. (3.1) n = F/ F (3.1) F n Φ = Φ n = 1 F F t Vn on F = 0 (3.2) Φ (3.1)

http://www1.doshisha.ac.jp/ bukka/qc.html 1. 107 2. 116 3. 1 119 4. 2 126 5. 132 6. 136 7. 1 140 8. 146 9. 2 150 10. 153 11. 157 12. π Hückel 159 13. 163 A-1. Laguerre 165 A-2. Hermite 167 A-3. 170 A-4.

Chebyshev Schrödinger Heisenberg H = 1 2m p2 + V (x), m = 1, h = 1 1/36 1 V (x) = { 0 (0 < x < L) (otherwise) ψ n (x) = 2 L sin (n + 1)π x L, n = 0, 1, 2,... Feynman K (a, b; T ) = e i EnT/ h ψ n (a)ψ

Einstein 1905 Lorentz Maxwell c E p E 2 (pc) 2 = m 2 c 4 (7.1) m E ( ) E p µ =(p 0,p 1,p 2,p 3 )=(p 0, p )= c, p (7.2) x µ =(x 0,x 1,x 2,x

7 7.1 7.1.1 Einstein 1905 Lorentz Maxwell c E p E 2 (pc) 2 = m 2 c 4 (7.1) m E ( ) E p µ =(p 0,p 1,p 2,p 3 )=(p 0, p )= c, p (7.2) x µ =(x 0,x 1,x 2,x 3 )=(x 0, x )=(ct, x ) (7.3) E/c ct K = E mc 2 (7.4)

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4 Mindlin -Reissner 4 δ T T T εσdω= δ ubdω+ δ utd Γ Ω Ω Γ T εσ (1.1) ε σ u b t 3 σ ε. u T T T = = = { σx σ y σ z τxy τ yz τzx} { εx εy εz γ xy γ yz γ

Mindlin -Rissnr δ εσd δ ubd+ δ utd Γ Γ εσ (.) ε σ u b t σ ε. u { σ σ σ z τ τ z τz} { ε ε εz γ γ z γ z} { u u uz} { b b bz} b t { t t tz}. ε u u u u z u u u z u u z ε + + + (.) z z z (.) u u NU (.) N U

. ev=,604k m 3 Debye ɛ 0 kt e λ D = n e n e Ze 4 ln Λ ν ei = 5.6π / ɛ 0 m/ e kt e /3 ν ei v e H + +e H ev Saha x x = 3/ πme kt g i g e n

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1 17 () BAC9ABC6ACB3 1 tan 6 = 3, cos 6 = AB=1 BC=2, AC= 3 2 A BC D 2 BDBD=BA 1 2 ABD BADBDA ABC6 BAD = (18 6 ) / 2 = 6 θ = 18 BAD = 12 () AD AD=BADCAD9 ABD ACD A 1 1 1 1 dsinαsinα = d 3 sin β 3 sin β

(e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ,µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e µ τ, e R,µ R,τ R (2.1a

1 2 2.1 (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ,µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e µ τ, e R,µ R,τ R (2.1a) L ( ) ) * 2) W Z 1/2 ( - ) d u + e + ν e 1 1 0 0

, 3, 6 = 3, 3,,,, 3,, 9, 3, 9, 3, 3, 4, 43, 4, 3, 9, 6, 6,, 0 p, p, p 3,..., p n N = p p p 3 p n + N p n N p p p, p 3,..., p n p, p,..., p n N, 3,,,,

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( ) Note (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e

( ) Note 3 19 12 13 8 8.1 (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e µ τ, e R, µ R, τ R (1a) L ( ) ) * 3) W Z 1/2 ( - )

LCR e ix LC AM m k x m x x > 0 x < 0 F x > 0 x < 0 F = k x (k > 0) k x = x(t)

338 7 7.3 LCR 2.4.3 e ix LC AM 7.3.1 7.3.1.1 m k x m x x > 0 x < 0 F x > 0 x < 0 F = k x k > 0 k 5.3.1.1 x = xt 7.3 339 m 2 x t 2 = k x 2 x t 2 = ω 2 0 x ω0 = k m ω 0 1.4.4.3 2 +α 14.9.3.1 5.3.2.1 2 x

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α 2 ), ϕ(t) = B 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + B 2 cos(ω 2 t

The Physics of Atmospheres CAPTER :

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1. 1-1. 1-. 1-3.. MD -1. -. -3. MD 1 1 1.1,,,.. (, ),..,. (Fig. 1.1). Macro theory (e.g. Continuum mechanics) Consideration under the simple concept (e.g. ionic radius, bond valence) Structural relaxation

スライド 1

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QMI_09.dvi

25 3 19 Erwin Schrödinger 1925 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 σ τ 2 2 ux, t) = ux, t) 3.1) 2 x2 ux, t) σ τ 2 u/ 2 m p E E = p2 3.2) E ν ω E = hν = hω. 3.3) k p k = p h. 3.4) 26 3 hω = E = p2 = h2 k 2 ψkx ωt) ψ 3.5) h

QMI_10.dvi

25 3 19 Erwin Schrödinger 1925 3.1 3.1.1 σ τ x u u x t ux, t) u 3.1 t x P ux, t) Q θ P Q Δx x + Δx Q P ux + Δx, t) Q θ P u+δu x u x σ τ P x) Q x+δx) P Q x 3.1: θ P θ Q P Q equation of motion P τ Q τ σδx

18 2 F 12 r 2 r 1 (3) Coulomb km Coulomb M = kg F G = ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 = [N]. Coulomb

r 1 r 2 r 1 r 2 2 Coulomb Gauss Coulomb 2.1 Coulomb 1 2 r 1 r 2 1 2 F 12 2 1 F 21 F 12 = F 21 = 1 4πε 0 1 2 r 1 r 2 2 r 1 r 2 r 1 r 2 (2.1) Coulomb ε 0 = 107 4πc 2 =8.854 187 817 10 12 C 2 N 1 m 2 (2.2)

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4. ϵ(ν, T ) = c 4 u(ν, T ) ϵ(ν, T ) T ν π4 Planck dx = 0 e x 1 15 U(T ) x 3 U(T ) = σt 4 Stefan-Boltzmann σ 2π5 k 4 15c 2 h 3 = W m 2 K 4 5.

A 1. Boltzmann Planck u(ν, T )dν = 8πh ν 3 c 3 kt 1 dν h 6.63 10 34 J s Planck k 1.38 10 23 J K 1 Boltzmann u(ν, T ) T ν e hν c = 3 10 8 m s 1 2. Planck λ = c/ν Rayleigh-Jeans u(ν, T )dν = 8πν2 kt dν c

(1.2) T D = 0 T = D = 30 kn 1.2 (1.4) 2F W = 0 F = W/2 = 300 kn/2 = 150 kn 1.3 (1.9) R = W 1 + W 2 = = 1100 N. (1.9) W 2 b W 1 a = 0

1 1 1.1 1.) T D = T = D = kn 1. 1.4) F W = F = W/ = kn/ = 15 kn 1. 1.9) R = W 1 + W = 6 + 5 = 11 N. 1.9) W b W 1 a = a = W /W 1 )b = 5/6) = 5 cm 1.4 AB AC P 1, P x, y x, y y x 1.4.) P sin 6 + P 1 sin 45

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数学の基礎訓練I

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