2004 13 1 79 90 2004 1 321 1998 90% eating disorders 1960 1961 1985 2001 1999 DSM- -PC 1 Schwartz, Thompson & Johnson 1985 1989Schwartz et al1985 risk factor model
80 13 1 Pp. 50 Boskind-White & White 1983 2001 Silverstein, Perdue & Peterson 1986 3 1993 Levine, Smolak, Moodey, Shuman & Hessen 1994 Mukai 1996 90% 1961
81 1960 3 a 1989 1987 b 1978 1983 1997c Boskind-White & White, 1983 a b cb c a b c 1999 a b c Boskind-White & White 1983
82 13 1 2001 1997 19924 1994 1999 Boskind-White & White 1983 Bruch, 1978 1995 Markus & Kitayama 1991 Boskind-White & White, 1983 Bruch, 1978 Boskind-White & White, 1983 2
83 18 34 321 1998 1999 2001 40.2% Eating Disorder Inventory-2EDI Garner, Olmsted & Polivy 1983 1997 6 1 6 Rosenberg 1965 Self-Esteem ScaleSES 1995 a scale for independent and interdependent construal of the self INTDP 16 SES INTDP 4 1 4 Heinberg, Thompson & Stormer 1995 Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance QuestionnaireSATAQ 14 5 1 5 1987 SESRA 1994 40 17 50 4 1 4 5
84 13 1 EDI Wells, Coope, Gabb & Pears 1985 1 6 EDI 91 Cronbach a a.93 SES 1 4 4.90, 1.18 48.98, 11.81% 1.40 1 9 Cronbach a.88 16 INTDP INTDP 16 1 4 5.71, 1.62, 1.17, 1.10 35.66% 1.40 1 Cronbach a.88 16 SATAQ 14 1 5 4.31, 1.51 30.78, 10.75%.40 2 3 4.82 34.43% 1.40 1 13 Cronbach a.85 13 SESRA 17 1 4 5.74 33.74% 1.40 1 Cronbach a.87 16, 22.41 SD 4.51 158.18 cm SD 5.34 50.24 kg SD 6.75Table 1 BMI Body Mass Index 2 BMI 20.13 SD 2.52 BMI 18.5 18.5 25 25 BMI 25.1%, 70.7%, 4.2% Table 1 SD SD SD 22.41 4.51 20.64 3.54 26.89 3.48 158.18 5.34 158.23 5.56 158.05 4.78 50.24 6.75 50.51 7.39 49.63 5.01 BMI 20.13 2.52 20.22 2.72 19.92 2.02
85 Table 2 BMI BMI F(2, 249) EDI 263.65 290.51 271.38 7.20 a b SD 46.47 49.10 29.75 19.28 25.22 24.56 15.79 a b SD 7.41 7.36 4.88 33.25 43.24 50.11 40.51 a b b c. SD 9.58 7.84 5.46 a c a b c p.01, p.001 Table 3 EDI SES INTDP SATAQ SESRA EDI SES 0.65 INTDP 0.35 0.33 SATAQ 0.54 0.36 0.36 SESRA 0.02 0.10 0.17 0.12 p.05, p.01, p.001 EDI SES INTDP SATAQ SESRA EDI EDI BMI Table 2 3 EDI F(2, 223) 7.20, p.001 F(2, 247) 15.79, p.001 F(2, 247) 40.51, p.001bmi EDI p.01 p.01 BMI EDI SES INTDP SATAQ SESRA Table 3 EDI SES INTDP SATAQ r 0.33 0.65, p.001sesra EDI SES INTDP SATAQ r0.17, p.01, r0.12, p.05 EDI INTDP SES SATAQ SESRA SATAQ b.34, p.001 SESRA b.13, p.05 INTDP INTDP b.21, p.001 SES SES b.50, p.001 EDI R 2.53, p.001figure 1
86 13 1 Figure 1 EDI EDI SES INTDP SATAQ SESRA Schwartz et al., 1985 20011991 Vanderlinden, Norré & Vandereycken, 1989 Boskind-White & White 1983 2 1995 1995 1988
87 Boskind-White & White, 1983 1992 BMI Garner & Garfinkle, 1979 1998 1999 Andersen, 1985 1989 Boskind-White & White 1983
88 13 1 Andersen, A. E. 1985 Practical, comprehensive treatment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1998 Pp. 15 27 1987 10, 190 195 - M.W. C. 1991 Boskind-White, M., & White, W. C. 1983 Bulimarexia: The Binge/Purge Cycle. 2nd ed. Norton. H. 1979 Bruch, H. 1978 The Golden Cage: The egnima of anorexia nervosa. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1983 Garner, D. M., & Garfinkle, P. E. 1979 The eating attitudes test: an index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine, 9, 273 279. Garner, D. M., Olmstead, M. P., & Polivy, J. 1983 Development and validation of a multidimentional Eating Disorder Inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2, 15 34. Heinberg, L. J., Thompson, J. K., & Stormer, S. 1995 Development and Validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaere. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 17, 81 89. 1960 Anorexia Nervosa 62, 1203 1221 1978 26, 1 11 1988 Vol. 27 Pp. 151 181 1992 25, 65 71 1994 Pp. 43 47 1985 Eating disorder 22 216 27, 107 116 1995 66, 100 106 1997 EDI-2 32, 85 96 Levine, M. P., Smolak, L., Moodey, A. F., Shuman, M. D., & Hessen, L. D. 1994 Normative developmental challenges and dieting and eating disturbances in middle school girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 15, 11 20. Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. 1991 Culture and the self : Implication for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224 253. Mukai, T. 1996 Mothers, peers, and perceived pressure to diet among Japanese adolescent girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 6, 309 324. 2001 41, 125 1989 12, 317 323 1999 14, 829 834 Rosenberg, M. 1965 Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. 1999 3, 24 34 1994 2, 13 20 D. M.M. G.G. L. 1986 S. W. Pp.
89 123 148. Schwartz, D. M., Thompson, M. G., Jonson, G. L. 1985 Anorexia nervosa and bulimia: The sociocultural context. In S. W. Emmett (Ed.), Theory and treatment of anorexia and bulimia. New York: Brunner/Mazel.) 1961 63, 1041 1081. Silverstein, B., Peterson, B., & Perdue, L. 1986 Some correlates of the thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 895 905. 1987 2, 45 54 2001 13, 31 46 1997 684, 100 116 1998 DSM-IV-PC ICD-10 1993 33, 692 695 2001 34, 69 81 1991 20, 83 94 1999 7 Pp. 79 82 J.J. W. 1995 Vanderlinden, J., Norré, J., & Vandereycken, W. 1992 A Practical guide to the treatment of bulimia nerovosa. New York: Brunner/Mazel Wells, J. E., Coope, P. A., Gabb, D. C., Pears, R. K. 1985 The factor structure of the Eating Attitudes Test with adolescent girls. Psychological Medicine, 15, 141 146. 2003. 8. 18 2004. 6. 15 A Comprehensive Study of Personal and Sociocultural Factors in Eating Disorders Cizuru SAITO Shirayuri College THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2004, Vol. 13 NO. 1, 79 90 The purpose of this study was to make a comprehensive investigation of the personality and sociocultural factors that affect eating disorders A total of 321 adolescent and young adult females completed a questionnaire which included questions about thinness-oriented culture and sense of gender roles in order to examine sociocultural factors Also for analysis of personality factors the questionnaire asked about self-esteem and interdependent self-concept Results of the questionnaire supported the following hypotheses: Interdependent self-contrual with excessive emphasis on adjusting oneself to the sociocultural standards lowered self-esteem and tended to cause eating disorder symptoms These results also supported the notion that sociocultural factors such as thinness-oriented culture and gender roles affected eating disorder symptoms, and that personality factors that would make the person vulnerable to the effects of sociocultural factors could also be examined empirically Key words: eating disorders, sociocultural influenceover-adaptation
90 13 1 Eating Disorder Inventory-2 EDI 1997 2 4 5 11 19 25 32 40 53 91 SES ; Rosenberg, 1965 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ; Heinberg et al., 1995) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 SESRA1987 INTDP 1995 1 2 3 4 5 8 9 11 12 13 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 13 17