プレゼンテーション2.ppt

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1

2 Caused Motion Construction (Goldberg 1995); Causative Path Resultative Construction (Goldberg & Jackendoff 2004))

3 (1) a. Bill threw the ball to the right fielder. - entail b. Jonathan kicked the ball into the net. - entail? c. Kathie wiped the dust off the table. - unselected object d. Joe sneezed the napkin off the table. - unselected object

4 Intransitive Motion Construction (Goldberg 1995:3); Noncausative Path Resultative Construction (Goldberg & Jackendoff 2004)

5 (2) a. John ran into the room. - entail? b. The bottle floated into the cave. - entail? c. The insect buzzed into the room. - - cf. Susan sang her way down the hallway.

6 1.2 Fillmore, et al (in press), Goldberg (1995), Jackendoff (1990, 1997, 2001), cf. Goldberg & Jackendoff (2004) Rappaport Hovav & Levin (1998), Talmy (1985, 2000), Langacker (1995)

7 throw NP PP kick NP PP wipe dust off Goldberg V&C? C C Jackendoff V C C Levin V+ V+ Talmy V V Langacker V

8 run PP float PP V one s way PP Goldberg V&C? C C Jackendoff V C C Levin V+ V+ V+ Talmy V V V Langacker

9 1.3 Goldberg 1995 (3) a. [SUBJ [V OBJ OBL]] (V = nonstative, OBL = directional) b. X CAUSES Y to MOVE Z

10 (4) Sem CAUSE-MOVE <cause goal theme> R R: means SNEEZE <sneezer > Syn V SUBJ OBL OBJ

11 (4) Sem CAUSE-MOVE <cause goal theme> R R: means SNEEZE <sneezer > Syn V SUBJ OBL OBJ

12 (5) a. The vase broke. b. She broke the vase. (6) The company flew her to an interview.

13 1.4 Jackendoff 1990 (7) GO-Adjunct Rule (Jackendoff 1990:224) [ VP V h... PP] may correspond to GO ([ ], [ Path ]) AFF ([ ] i, ) [WITH/BY [MOVE ([ ])] h ]

14 1.5 Rappaport Hovav & Levin 1998 Semantic templates (8) a. activity [x ACT <MANNER> (y) ] b. accomplishment [[x ACT <MANNER> (y) ] CAUSE [BECOME [z <PLACE/STATE>]]] template meaning constructional meaning aspect-based templates only

15 1.6 Langacker 1995 (9) a. I washed the car. b. I washed the mud off

16 cf. Goldberg & Jackendoff 2004 (10) a. Peter sneezed the napkin off the table. b. *Peter {belched/burped} the napkin off the table.

17 Goldberg account (11) a. [SUBJ [V OBJ OBL]] (V = nonstative, OBL = directional) b. X CAUSES Y to MOVE Z

18 (12) Sem CAUSE-MOVE <cause goal theme> R R: means SNEEZE <sneezer > Syn V SUBJ OBL OBJ

19 Goldberg 1995:76 1. X CAUSES Y to MOVE Z 2. Conditions of satisfaction imply X CAUSESY to MOVE Z 3. X ENABLES Y to MOVE Z 4. X CAUSES Y not to MOVE FROM Z 5. X HELPS Y to MOVE Z + accompany sense

20 1) (13) (Goldberg 1995, Goldberg & Jackendoff 2004)

21 (14) a, The Semantic Coherence Principle (Goldberg 1995, Goldberg & Jackendoff 2004) unify b. unify (Goldberg 1995)

22 (15) ( G o l d b e r g & Jackendoff 2004)

23 2) (16) (Goldberg 1995) a. b. c.

24 d. e. f. (2002)

25 ( 2002) (17) The company flew her to an interview.

26 (18) a. *John escaped the man out of the cell. b. *Susan entered the man into the house. c. *Jack descended man into the underground bunker. d. *Mary left the man for New York. e. *Bill arrived the man in the city. f. Nick passed the man through the gate.

27 (19) a. John {forced/let/allowed} the man out of the cell. b. John {forced/let/allowed} the man into the barn. c. John {forced/let/allowed} the man down into the underground bunker.

28 2.2.2 ( 2002) cf. (20) a. The horseman jumped the horse over the fence. b. The horseman ran the horse into the barn. c. The horseman swam the horse to the shore.

29 (21)a. The circus artist leapt the dog through the ring. b. The coach ran the students up and down the hill. c. *The coach swam the students to the shore.

30 (22) a. The secretary walked the ladder across the room. b. The secretary walked the letter to the office. (23) a. I ran the dog around in the park (watching her chase the rabbits). b. *I swam the dog around in the pool.

31 --->

32 2.2.3 entail ( ) (24) a. John {kick/hit} the wall (but it didn t move). b. Mary {pushed/pulled} the wall (but it didn t move).

33 (25) a. He can {kick/hit} a ball faster than anyone else. b. He can {push/pull} the cart faster than anyone else. c. He pushed the cart inch by inch.

34 (26) a. *Fred sneezed the napkin very fast. b. *Susan squeezed the ball very slowly.

35 (26) a. *Fred sneezed the napkin very fast. b. *Susan squeezed the ball very slowly.

36 2.2.3 unselected object unselected object (27) a. I washed the mud off the car. b. *I washed the mud

37 (28) a. Isaacs wiped the sweat with his sleeve... b. But I'll get back at him, "she would always mutter, wiping the tears. (29) That 's because it's a blend of concentrated and freshly squeezed juice.

38 entail float (30) The bottle floated under the bridge. (Carter 1988) goal reading = float location reading = float

39 (31) a. The bottle floated slowly under the bridge. b. *The bottle lay slowly under the bridge.

40 (1997) vs. (32)

41 (33) a. It {bounced/floated} on that spot for some time. b. It {*drifted/*glided} on that spot for some time. (Talmy 2000)

42 3.1.2 run (34) a. He was {running/walking/jumping /tiptoeing} in place (without moving) b. *He was {hurrying/roaming/striding/ prowling} in place (without moving).

43 (35) Cheetahs run fastest among the animals.. (Matsumoto 1996) (36) a. I jumped the stream. b. He {walked/ran/hiked/jogged} the trail.

44 3.1.3 buzz (37) a. I saw the train roaring at an incredible speed. b.?i saw the train rumbling slowly c. *I saw the train screeching very slowly. d. *I saw bugs buzzing very fast.

45 4. (kick, float, run, swim) hand, by

46 (PP) kick, jump, float, roar (buzz, sneeze )

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