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Edward Ashmore 1 1920 1 1920 1 2 3 1 2 1941 7 7 12 1942 1944 1 R 1994 27 2 19 1968 11 16 40 43 85

15 1 2012 10 3 aircraft control and warning: AC&W 4 1950 1958 5 6 The Air Defense of Japan 5 Richard Sneider 3 60 72 82 84 149 168 1997 321 322 4 1 50 50 2006 5 1958 3 1998 309 369 86

6 1966 1 1 5 1945 1954 1945 9 5 Fifth Air Force 7 5 38 10 10 5 1947 9 11 5 8 1950 6 5 5 12 5 5 5 314 314 Air Division 6 Problems of Growing Air Self-Defense Force of Japan, Memoranda from Parsons to Horsey and vice versa, May 22, 1958, in Hiroshi Masuda (ed.), Rearmament of Japan, Part 2 (Tokyo, Maruzen, 1998) [micro form] Fiche 2C166 ROJ ]. 7 5 1946 1 5 1950 12 1948 5 8 U.S. Army, The U.S. Army in World War II: Reports of General MacArthur: MacArthur in Japan: The Occupation: Military Phase, Volume I Supplement, pp. 270-273 <http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/ macarthur%20reports/macarthur%20v1%20sup/index.htm> 2011 4 1 87

15 1 2012 10 314 1951 5 6013 6013 Operation Wing: 6014 6014 Operation Wing: 6015 6015 Operation Wing: 3 1952 3 Japan Air Defense Force: JADF 314 6013 6014 6015 39 39 Air Division 41 41 Air Division 43 43 Air Division JADF 5 1954 9 2 JADF 9 JADF Delmar Spivey 1950 8 5 12 JADF 314 JADF 10 5 JADF JADF 3 3 JADF 1954 9 5 JADF 39 41 43 3 11 9 1945 1954 HP Air Force Historical Research Agency <http://www.afhra.af.mil/ organizationalrecords/> 2011 4 8 JADF 26 2 1998 9 48 50 10 Robert B. Sligh, U.S.-Japanese Friendship Endures Fuji Flyer, August 20, 2004. 11 5 1956 2 1957 7 1974 11 1957 7 Pacific Air Forces: PACAF 5 88

2 1945 1958 5 1946 1950 6 1951 1957 1 1 3 39 41 43 1952 4 50 60 2 12 1954 7 10 5 9001 9003 9004 3 12 1980 10 89

15 1 2012 10 5 5 25 OJT on the job training: 13 3 1954 9 9000 3 5 14 1958 10 3 1961 7 2 1 1953 1 20 Dwight Eisenhower 10 National Security Council: NSC NSC162/2 John Dulles 1954 1 350 1960 250 Joint Chiefs of Staff: JCS 1956 5 15 3 13 50 167 168 50 20 1975 2 14 3 1957 8 15 12 2009 3 29 32 90

1956 9 Memorandum of Understanding Relative to the Release and Utilization of those Air Bases and Aircraft Control and Warning Sites in Japan Furnished to the United States Forces, Japan Under the Administrative Agreement 1957 6 13 Earl Barnes 16 1957 1 Lyman Lemnitzer 17 JCS command relationship operational control rules of engagement: ROE 18 3 26 the Joint Committee Douglas 16 1958 3 325 328 17 311 18 Japanese Assumption of Defense Responsibility, NSC Policy Paper, June 13, 1957, ROJ, Fiche 1A405. ROE 91

15 1 2012 10 MacArthur 19 10 2 9 2 9 20 19 Ibid. 3 The Administrative Agreement under Article III of the Security Treaty between Japan and the U.S. 20 1958 3 311 312 1957 6 2 operation readiness test: ORT 92

21 2 1950 1952 2 JCS 22 1951 2 9 1 John Allison 23 JCS 8 22 JCS JCS JCS 21 Japanese Assumption of Defense Responsibility. 22 1945 1954 2010 8 1999 3 2009 254 265 23 U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1951, Volume VI: East Asian-Pacific Area, Part 1 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977), pp. 874-880 FRUS, 1951 ]. 93

15 1 2012 10 2 24 25 JCS NATO NATO 26 JCS Dean Rusk JCS JCS JCS 27 JCS JCS JCS JCS 28 1951 12 21 24 Ibid., pp. 1282-1284. 25 Ibid., pp. 878-879. 26 Ibid., p. 1283. 27 Ibid., pp. 1285-1287. 28 Ibid., p. 1287. 94

29 1952 1 1952 1 21 Harry Truman NATO 30 JCS 1951 11 16 31 12 28 Collective Defense Measures 8 8 11 16 JCS 4 22 32 JCS in the opinion of either party at the option of the United States 33 JCS 29 Ibid., pp. 1454-1465. 22 12 28 (Ibid., p. 1474.) 30 U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952-1954, Volume XIV: China and Japan, Part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985), pp. 1110-1113 FRUS, 1952-1954 ]. 1 25 Ibid., p. 1113 31 FRUS, 1951, pp. 1405-1406. 12 14 32 Ibid., p. 1474. 33 8 8 JCS FRUS, 1951, p. 1284, footnote 9 11 16 95

15 1 2012 10 Japan area 34 Defense Measures 1952 1 18 22 35 22 1 1 2 1 24 Matthew Ridgway 36 1951 2 9 11 27 1951 6 19 NATO NATO 34 FRUS, 1951, pp. 1474-1475. 35 FRUS, 1952-1954, pp. 1095-1097. 1 22 FRUS, 1952-1954, p. 1108 2002 215 1951 12 21 36 178 96

37 1952 1 28 22 1 38 1 29 22 39 1 22 40 22 41 1 29 37 154 158 159 169 159 171 27 1971 326 357 38 22 11 1952 2 16 329 330 39 Observations and Requests in Regard to the Draft Administrative Agreement of December 21, 1951 1952 1 29 227 40 2 1952 1 31 295 4 1952 2 5 22 300 12 1952 2 18 338 41 15 1952 2 23 355 356 97

15 1 2012 10 1 42 1952 4 28 7 23 Mark Clark 5 12 Robert Murphy 5 9 4 30 43 2 44 3 1 5 1 42 687 24 43 1948 1953 15 2000 214 FRUS, 1952-1954, p. 1288. 44 FRUS, 1952-1954, p. 1288. 98

45 1957 6 13 1 8 16 46 1 Frederic Smith Felix Stump technical issues 26 1958 8 5 47 1957 12 Staff Study Responsibilities for the Air defense of Japan 1 45 1958 3 312 46 1952 1 4 35 39 1960 1 4 35 6 <http://www.mofa. go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/bluebook/1960/s35-shiryou-001.htm#f> 2011 6 14 47 U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1955-1957, Volume XXIII, Part 1: Japan, (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991), pp. 452-453 FRUS, 1955-1957 ]. 99

15 1 2012 10 3 11 27 48 4 12 19 49 2 1957 12 5 Kenneth Hobuson 5 50 5 5 5 5 1960 4 1960 7 9 5 5 standing operating procedures: SOP; 48 Japanese-American Committee on Security, December 11, 1957, ROJ, Fiche 2G296. 49 FRUS, 1955-1957, p. 551. 50 1958 3 312 316 329 334 100

51 1 3 1957 operation readiness test: ORT 5 SOP SOP OJT 5 SOP SOP OJT 5 SOP 84 52 5 SOP 5 SOP 51 52 1958 3 332 101

15 1 2012 10 5 5 100 5 SOP 5 coordination committee 5 SOP 5 1 combined air defense force combined 102

coordinating committee 53 5 54 3 1957 10 2 5 4 22 26 White Cerus 55 5 53 1958 3 315 316 54 316 55 Air Defense Problem, Letter from Hersey to Green with Attachment, October 10, 1957, ROJ, Fiche 2G295. 103

15 1 2012 10 1956 9 1 Clover 2 a combined air headquarters 40 a 5 b a c 5 d 5 4 1 1957 12 19 4 104

3 56 1958 3 14 5 57 5 5 58 2 17 rules of interception 5 59 56 1958 3 337 338 57 317 58 317 59 317 318 1958 2 17 339 341 105

15 1 2012 10 24 60 2 5 1957 8 16 1 5 1958 3 17 61 3 15 1953 1 2 1953 1 Robert Murphy 1951 9 8 60 318 319 345 61 368 369 106

62 63 3 17 28 28 1 64 3 25 65 3 20 66 67 1958 4 14 4 5 NATO SEATO 68 62 3 1993 703 704 9 3 2007 2 86 89 63 1958 3 368 64 33 3 28 65 33 3 25 66 1958 3 20 67 1958 3 320 68 5 1958 1 1998 391 396 107

15 1 2012 10 3 14 2 17 5 5 5 69 3 14 70 5 1 1957 6 13 1958 4 14 19 69 394 395 70 1958 3 323 324 108

5 71 2 3 Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement 1 1 5 72 5 23 5 5 31 6 1958 2 17 3 14 4 23 5 Agreement Between Commander, Fifth Air Force, and Commander, Japan Air Defense Command, on Measures Against Violations of Territorial Airspace of Japan 73 84 5 71 1958 3 319 320 354 355 72 Air Defense of Japan: The Burns-Matsumae Agreement, September 2, 1959, Enclosure No. 2, ROJ, Fiche 2G256. 73 1958 3 346 353 109

15 1 2012 10 5 SOP Action of Interceptor Aircraft 5 36 37 74 1 COC: Combat Operation Center ADCC: Air Defense Control Center ADDC: Air Defense Direction Center ISS: Intercept Surveillance Station) SS: Surveillance Station SS ISS) ADDC ADCC 50 169 5 5 COC COC 24 COC ADCC 5 3 1958 4 26 27 75 4 28 74 319 75 1959 1959 157 158 110

2 3 4 F-86F 10 14 4 12 22 30 1964 10 6 76 2 1 2 77 5 1 78 1959 5 3 76 50 155 77 169 78 1958 3 324 111

15 1 2012 10 Robert Burns 5 79 6 4 5 5 80 1959 9 2 5 Agreement for Conduct of Air Defense of Japan 81 5 SOP ADCC ADDC 79 1959-1960 3 1996 57 5 1958 8 4 1958 8 1 80 59 60 4 1 1957 6 13 2 1958 4 14 19 5 3 1958 4 23 5 4 1958 5 23 5 81 Air Defense of Japan: The Burns-Matsumae Agreement 5 112

5 air defense operations team: ADOT 82 10 1968 3 3 16 5 83 1953 1 13 1960 6 84 8 1976 2 85 86 82 50 157 83 43 3 16 84 1969 1969 118 119 85 51 2 4 86 51 2 27 113

15 1 2012 10 2 87 1958 5 15 Outerbridge Horsey Howard Parsons North American Aerospace Defense Command 1957 9 12 North American Air Defense Command: NORAD 1956 1957 8 1957 9 12 NORAD 5 12 88 1950 87 Problems of Growing Air Self-Defense Force of Japan, Memorandum from Horsey to Parsons, May 15, 1958, ROJ, Fiche 2C166. 88 U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1955-1957, Volume XXVII: Western Europe and Canada (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992), p. 906; North American Aerospace Defense Command <http://www.norad.mil/about/agreement.html> 2011 10 7 114

NORAD 2 2 115

15 1 2012 10 1 39 41 43 9001 9003 9004 1 1957 2 3 ( ) 4 5 1957 6 7 1951 8 9 1955 10 11 12 13 1957 14 15 1951 16 17 1951 18 1951 19 1956 20 21 22 1951 23 1956 24 25 26 1951 27 1956 28 1952 29 1952 30 31 32 33 1954 34 35 1951 36 1951 37 1957 38 39 40 41 42 1956 43 1956 44 1953 45 1954 46 1955 47 48 116

39 41 43 9001 9003 9004 49 101 ADCC 1956 102 ADCC 1956 103 ADCC 1956 104 105 COC 1957 50 167 Operation of Air Defense System for Japan, Telegram from Tokyo Embassy to Secretary of State with Attachments, July 15 to 17, 1957, ROJ, Fiche 2G290 9001 9003 9004 2 2 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 9000 8.1 9.25 9.1 9001 9003 9004 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 7.15 7.15 7.15 50 20 1975 117