4. 2 2 Coulomb 2 2 2 ( ) electricity 2 30
4 1 Ampère 4 2 Ampere 31
NS 2 Fleming 4 3 B I r 4 1 0 1.257 10-2 Gm/A µ 0I B = 2πr 4 1 32
4 4 A A A A 4 4 10 9 1 2 12 13 14 4 1 16 4 1 CH 2 =CH 2 28.0313 28 2 H- 2 H-CN 28.0172 13 C- H- 13 CN 28.0142 N 2 28.0061 CO 27.9949 33
Ampère 2 2 1 90 4 4 2 1 4 2 26 (3d) 4 29 1 1 1 ( 1 ) 2 ( 2 ) 1 34
4 2 3 4s 3d x 2y 2 3d z 2 3d xy 3d xz 3d yz 4s Fe 26 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 Fe 2+ 24 2 1 1 1 1 0 2 Fe 3+ 23 1 1 1 1 1 0 Co 27 2 2 1 1 1 2 Ni 28 2 2 2 1 1 2 Cu 29 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 Cu + 28 2 2 2 2 2 0 2 Cu 2+ 27 2 2 2 2 1 0 4 5 (Fe 3 O 4 ) S N N N S N S S N S N S N S S N N S N S N N S N S N S N S N S N S S S N S N S N S N S S N N N S S N N S 35
4 3 (Tc) 4 3 ( ) CoCl 2-38 Fe 770 CoF 2 50 MnBr 2 4H 2 O 3 CoO 330 MnCl 2 4H 2 O 2 Co 1131 MnF 2 113 Cr 2 O 3 485 MnO 610 CuBr 2 246 MnS 982 CuCl 2 2H 2 O 5 NiCl 2-68 FeCl 2-48 NiF 2 116 FeF 2 117 NiO 2000 FeO 507 Ni 358 Fe 2 O 3 2940 Gd 16 (M) (H) 4 2 (T) (Tc) 4 3 M = χh C χ = T T c 4 2 4 3 36
NS (ZnO) 3 4 4 4 5 37
Al 0.620 H 2-1.970 Al 2 O 3-0.340 N 2-0.800 AlCl 3-0.600 O 2 106.200 Ca 2+ -8.000 S 8-0.490 CaCl 2-0.490 Cl 2-0.570 CaCO 3-0.382 Cl - -26.000 CoCl 2 90.500 H 2 O -0.720 CoO 2-74.500 CO 3 34.000 Cu -0.850 SiO 2-0.493 CuCl 2 9.100 P 2 O 5-0.460 CuO 3.800 H 2 SO 4-0.406 Cu 2 S -0.180 C -6.000 Eu 200.000 CHCl 3-0.515 EuCl 2 119.000 C 2 H 5 OH -0.718 Fe 2 O 3 20.600 CH 3 CHO -0.515 FeCl 2 101.200 CH 3 COOH -0.533 FeCl 3 86.200 CH 3 COOC 2 H 5-0.626 Mg 0.250 CH 3 CONH 2-0.577 Mn 9.600 HOCH(CH 2 OH) 2-0.618 MnCl 2 107.000 (CH 3 ) 2 CO -0.585 MnO 2 38.400 H 2 NCH(CH 3 )COOH -0.567 Na 0.680 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 O -0.766 Na + -5.000 (CH 2 COOH) 2-0.490 Na 2 CO 3-0.240 (C 2 H 5 ) 3 N -0.806 NaCl -0.499 C 6 H 6-0.702 NaHCO 3-0.210 C 6 H 5 NH 2-0.676 + NH 4-11.500 C 6 H 5 OH -0.640 NH 4 Cl -0.605 C 6 H 5 CH 3-0.711 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4-0.429 C 6 H 5 COOH -0.640 NiCl 2 44.700 C 6 H 5 COOC 2 H 5-0.621 NiO 53.700 C 8 H 18-0.845 Zn -0.157 C 10 H 8-0.719 38
Fe Ni Co Mo Mn Si Gm/A Gm/A m/a G 98.5 2 25 143 21000 99.91 3 63 80 21500 99.95 63 2260 4 21500 96 4 6 88 40 19700 97 3 19 380 12 20000 54.7 45 3 50 630 6 16000 21.2 79 3 100 1260 4 10700 16.7 79 4 3 250 1260 4 8700 15.7 79 5 3 1260 10000 0 8000 49.7 50 3 10 63 159 24000 4 6 4 6 0 39
Ampère Ampère 2 1mm 10m 4 5 E 0 N N ex 4 4 Boltzmann Planck T 40
1 H 99.99 1/2 2.792743 29 Si 4.68 1/2-0.55525 2 H 0.01 1 0.857407 7 Li 92.5 3/2 3.256314 12 C 98.89 0 0 13 C 1.11 1/2 0.702381 14 N 99.63 1 0.40371 16 O 99.96 0 0 19 F 100 1/2 2.6285 23 Na 100 3/2 2.217529 27 Al 100 5/2 3.641421 31 P 100 1/2 1.13162 32 S 95.02 0 0 33 S 0.75 3/2 0.64342 35 Cl 75.77 3/2 0.821808 37 Cl 24.23 3/2 0.68409 55 Mn 100 2/5 3.46766 56 Fe 91.72 0 0 59 Co 100 7/2 4.6488 63 Cu 69.17 3/2 2.22664 E = µ B N N ex 0 = e 0 E kt = hc λ 4 4 4 6 nm 1.207 10 30 kcal/t H 1 FM 60 600MHz 14100 1 H 60MHz 141000 600MHz 4 4 4 6 41
3 1960 1 1 1 (9400 ) 20 0 4 5 ppm ( ) ν ν δ = 0 10 ν 0 6 4 5 42
1 1 2 3ppm 1 (CH 3 ) 4 7 1 4 7 CH 3 CH 3 -X CH 3 CH 3 -H 0.23 2.20 CH 3 ) 4 Si 0.00 1.90 CH 3 -CH 3 0.88 2.60 CH 3 -NH 2 2.47 3.00 CH 3 -SH 2.00 2.50 CH 3 -OH 3.38 3.50 CH 3 -I 2.16 2.65 CH 3 -Br 2.68 2.95 CH 3 -Cl 3.05 3.15 CH 3 -F 4.26 3.90 1 0.01ppm 1 1 1 0.01ppm 1 43
( 14 N) ( 19 F) ( 31 P) 4 6 1 13 C 13 C 60 600MHz 3 MRI 3 DNA ATP MRI MRI Ampère 10 Faraday Faraday V 44
Fleming 4 7 N 4 6 V = N Φ t 4 6 4 5 20000 0 1.256 10-2 Gm/A 4 1 1 1mm 10 I 2000 45
10 6 2 ( ) 50Hz 60Hz 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 4 6 2 2 2 4 7 I I 2 1 V = V 1 2 = N N 1 2 4 7 46