LEPS

LEPS2 2016 2 17

LEPS2 SPring-8 γ 3 GeV γ 10 Mcps LEPS2 7 120 LEPS Λ(1405) LEPS2 LEPS2 Silicon Strip Detector (SSD) SSD 100 µm 512 ch 6 cm 3 x y 2 SSD 6 3072 ch APV25-s1 APVDAQ VME APV25-s1 SSD 128 ch 1 repeater APVDAQ APVDAQ 1 4 Flash ADC FPGA FIFO LEPS2 3 khz 15 µs SSD 15 µs SSD APVDAQ FPGA ADC LEPS SSD FPGA APVDAQ 99 % LEPS2 FPGA

1 1 1.1 SPring-8.............................................. 1 1.2 LEPS2.......................................... 2 1.2.1 LEPS2..................................... 2 1.2.2 LEPS2................................. 3 1.3 LEPS2....................................... 4 1.3.1...................................... 4 1.3.2 Λ(1405)........................................ 6 1.4 LEPS2 SSD.......................... 7 2 10 2.1............................................ 10 2.2.......................................... 12 3 SSD 14 3.1............................................ 14 3.2 APV25-s1............................................. 14 3.2.1 APV25-s1....................................... 14 3.2.2 APV25-s1................................... 16 3.3 APVDAQ............................................. 17 3.4........................................ 18 3.4.1.......................................... 19 3.4.2 FPGA......................................... 20 4 22 4.1.......................................... 22 4.2 LEPS2 SSD............... 23 4.2.1.......................... 23 4.2.2 APV25-s1................................ 28 4.2.3 SSD........... 30 4.3................................... 33 4.4............................ 38 4.4.1............................................ 39 4.4.2............................................ 42 4.5 FIFO................................. 44 4

5 46 47 A APVDAQ Master Slave 49 B 50 C 63 1

1.1 SPring-8............................................. 1 1.2........................................ 1 1.3........................................ 2 1.4 LEPS2.................................... 3 1.5........................................ 3 1.6 LEPS2 DAQ............................. 4 1.7 2009 LEPS.................................... 5 1.8 2006 CLAS.................................... 5 1.9 LEPS......................................... 5 1.10 CLAS......................................... 5 1.11 γp K Λ(1405) πkπσ.......................... 6 1.12 invariant mass........................... 7 1.13 1 GeV/c K................... 8 1.14 SSD................................ 9 1.15 SSD................................. 9 2.1............................................ 10 2.2.............................. 11 2.3.................................... 12 2.4 discrete detector................................... 12 3.1.................................. 14 3.2 SSD................................... 15 3.3 APV25-s1....................................... 16 3.4 APV25-s1..................................... 17 3.5 APVDAQ............................................ 18 3.6................................. 19 3.7....................................... 19 3.8 FPGA..................................... 20 3.9....................................... 21 3.10 FIFO................................... 21 4.1 -.......................................... 23 4.2..................................... 24 4.3 2.......................... 24 4.4..................................... 25 4.5............................... 26 4.6.............................. 26 2

4.7.................................. 27 4.8....................................... 27 4.9 peaking time........................ 29 4.10........................................ 30 4.11........................... 31 4.12.............................. 31 4.13................................. 33 4.14 ADC..................................... 34 4.15 0 ADC.................... 34 4.16 high............................. 35 4.17 low.............................. 35 4.18................................. 35 4.19............................. 36 4.20............................. 36 4.21.............................. 37 4.22........................... 37 4.23................... 37 4.24 SSD.......................................... 38 4.25 SSD....................................... 39 4.26 SSD.................................. 40 4.27.......................... 40 4.28 50 ns................... 41 4.29 100 ns................... 41 4.30 200 ns................... 42 4.31....................................... 42 4.32 50 ns...................................... 43 4.33 100 ns...................................... 44 4.34 200 ns...................................... 44 4.35 APVDAQ............................... 45 A.1.................................... 49 A.2..................................... 49 B.150 ns...................................... 52 B.2100 ns...................................... 54 B.3200 ns...................................... 56 B.450 ns...................................... 58 B.5100 ns...................................... 60 B.6200 ns...................................... 62 C.150 ns 4........................ 65 C.2100 ns 4....................... 66 C.3200 ns 4....................... 67 3

C.450 ns 4........................ 68 C.5100 ns 4....................... 69 C.6200 ns 4....................... 70 4

4.1 1 ADC........................ 30 4.2 γ 10 Mcps 31 4.3 γ 10 Mcps... 31 4.4 10 Mcps SSD 1............. 32 4.5 peaking time................................... 32 4.6 peaking time................. 32 B.1............... 50 B.2............... 50 C.1.................... 63 C.2.................... 64 C.3 [%]........................................... 71 5

1 1 1.1 SPring-8 SPring-8 ( 1.1) Super Photon ring-8 GeV 1436 m 8 GeV/c 62 LEPS BL33LEP LEPS2 BL31LEP [1] ( 1.2) 1.1 SPring-8[1] 1.2 [1] 1

1.2 LEPS2 1 1.2 LEPS2 LEPS Laser-Electron Photon at SPring-8 γ LEPS2 LEPS γ 1.2.1 LEPS2 LEPS2 γ γ E γ = E γ (1 β cos θ 1 ) (1 β cos θ 2 ) + E γ E e (1 cos(θ 1 θ 2 )) E e β E γ θ 1 γ θ 2 E γ (1.1) 1.3 LEPS2 γ 128 W 355 nm 1.5 GeV 2.4 GeV 10 7 cps 16 W 266 nm 1.5 GeV 2.9 GeV 10 6 cps γ γ LEPS2 30 m LEPS2 LEPS 2

1.2 LEPS2 について 1 序論 ビームラインと比べて 電子ビームの水平方向の発散が非常に小さく 衝突点から 150 m 下流でもビームサ イズは ± 6 mm である ビームの発散が少ないために 蓄積リング棟の外で実験することが可能になり 検 出器の大型化が実現できる 1.2.2 LEPS2 のソレノイド検出器 蓄積リング棟外に LEPS2 実験棟を建設したことによって 大立体角を覆えるスペクトロメータを設置す ることが可能となった ソレノイド電磁石はアメリカのブルックヘブン国立研究所で使用されていたもので 長さ 2.22 m 内径 2.69 m 中心磁場は 1T である (図 1.5) ソレノイド電磁石の中にはターゲットや荷電 粒子の飛跡検出を行う Silicon Strip Detector (SSD) Drift Chamber (DC) Time Projection Chamber (TPC) 粒子識別に用いる Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) γ 線の検出とエネルギー測定を行う Barrel γ カウンターが設置される (図 1.4) それぞれの検出器のデータはイベント毎に recorder に記録される (図 1.6) 全ての検出器のデータが転送 されるまでの時間は dead time となってしまう TPC はドリフト時間があるために 読み出しに 15 µs か かる dead time を増やさないためには SSD の読み出し時間を 15 µs 以内に収めることが要求される 図 1.4 LEPS2 スペクトロメータ 図 1.5 3 ソレノイド電磁石

1.3 LEPS2 1 1.6 LEPS2 DAQ 1.3 LEPS2 1.3.1 QCD 1 3 2 1 1 2 4 1997 Diakonov Petrov Polyakov 4 1 [2] uudd s 1/2 + 0 1530 MeV/c 2 15 MeV/c 2 2003 LEPS γn K + K n Θ + [3] Θ + Θ + 2009 LEPS Θ + ( 1.7)[4] Θ + LEPS γ CLAS Θ + Θ + ( 1.8)[5] LEPS CLAS 4

1.3 LEPS2 1 1.7 2009 LEPS 1.8 2006 CLAS γk missing mass [4] pk missing mass ( ) 2006 ( ) [5] LEPS ( 1.9) K CLAS ( 1.10) K Θ + K LEPS2 LEPS CLAS LEPS LEPS2 LEPS2 SSD LEPS LEPS2 1.9 LEPS 1.10 CLAS 5

1.3 LEPS2 1 1.3.2 Λ(1405) Λ(1405) u d s J P = 1/2 Λ(1405) Λ(1405) Λ(1520) Λ(1405) 3 KN Λ(1405) 2 (z 1 = 1390 66i MeV) πσ (z 2 = 1426 16i MeV) KN [6] π p K 0 πσ γ (γp K Λ(1405) πkπσ)[7] γ K K ( 1.11) Λ(1405) Σ(1385) 2 Λ(1405) Σ(1385) 2 I = 0 Λ(1405) π 0 Σ 0 I = 1 Σ(1385) π 0 Σ 0 π ± Σ π ± Σ Σ(1385) 2.5 GeV γ invariant mass 1.12 γp K Λ(1405) t K SSD 1.11 γp K Λ(1405) πkπσ [7] 6

1.4 LEPS2 SSD 1 1.12 invariant mass [7] 1.4 LEPS2 SSD LEPS2 SSD SSD SSD ( 2.2 ) LEPS2 SSD 100 µm SSD 1.13 SSD SSD LEPS2 SSD 100 µm 1 512 ch SSD 3 ( 1.14) 1 cm SSD 2 1 2 SSD SSD 2 SSD 99% LEPS2 10 MHz γ 15 cm 2.014 g/mol 0.1638 g/cm 3 LEPS2 γ γd 3 mb (Particle Data Group[8] ) 3 khz TPC 15 µs 2 1 ADC SSD 7

1.4 LEPS2 SSD 1 1.13 1 GeV/c K SSD SSD 8

1.4 LEPS2 SSD 1 1 SSD SSD 3 1.14 SSD 1.15 SSD ( mm) 9

2 2 [9] 10 1 µm 2.1 ( 2.1) 3 300 K 1.1 ev 0.7 ev 2.1 [9] 10

2.1 2 ( 2.2) 5 1 5 n 3 1 p n p (10 3 atm/cm 3 ) n + p + 2.2 [9] (a) 5 (b) 3 n p n p n p 75 µm ( 2.3) V d ϵ ρ µ e d 2ϵρµ e V (2.1) 11

2.2 2 2.3 [9] 2.2 2 1. 2. 1 continuous detector 2 discrete detector 2.4 discrete detector [9] discrete detector ( 2.4) discrete detector continuous detector 12

2.2 2 1 h x0+ h 2 σ 2 (x x 0 ) 2 = x 0 h h 2 ( ) 2 h = (2.2) 12 SSD discrete detector 1 ( ) 1 SSD x y 2 2 1 2 Double-sided SSD (DSSD) DSSD 2 13

3 SSD 3 SSD SSD LEPS2 1 SSD 3.1 LEPS2 SSD 3.1 APV25-s1 repeater APVDAQ VME repeater APVDAQ repeater CAT5 CAT7 34 3 repeater 1 50 3.1 [12] 3.2 APV25-s1 3.2.1 APV25-s1 SSD LEPS2 LHC CMS APV25-s1 [10] 3.2 APV25-s1 3.3 APV25-s1 14

3.2 APV25-s1 3 SSD 1 128 DSSD CR-RC 50 ns 30 ns 200 ns 3.4.1 APVDAQ 3.3 40 MHz (25 ns ) APVDAQ 192 cell 160 cell 32 cell / 128 128 c n ( n ) ( n c = 32 (n mod 4) + 8 int 31 int 4 16) (3.1) 3.2 SSD 15

3.2 APV25-s1 3 SSD 3.3 APV25-s1 [11] 3.2.2 APV25-s1 APV25-s1 ( 3.4) tick marks 35 clock 1 bit header 3 bit high header tick marks address 8 bit error bit 1 bit high analog data 128 APV25-s1 1 1 3 ( 30 ) 16

3.3 APVDAQ 3 SSD 3.4 APV25-s1 [11] APV25-s1 3.3 APVDAQ APV25-s1 HEPHY (Vienna Institute of High Energy Physics) APVDAQ VME ( 3.5) APVDAQ Flash ADC FPGA FIFO APVDAQ 1 4 (4 128 ch) 1 master slave master slave 2 P2 17

3.4 3 SSD 3.5 APVDAQ 3.4 LEPS2 10 MHz γ 3 khz TPC 15 µs 15 µs 3.6 APV25-s1 APVDAQ 1 128 5 µs repeater APVDAQ APVDAQ Flash ADC FIFO FIFO 25 ns APV25-s1 APVDAQ FIFO 25 ns CPU 25 ns FIFO 2 µs 2 APV25-s1 APVDAQ FIFO 18

3.4 3 SSD 3.6 3.4.1 1 15 µs 1 3.7 30 1 SSD ADC 128 ch 12 bit 140 word tick marks (180 word ) 3.2 = 180 + 140 (3.2) APVDAQ FPGA 40 MHz FIFO 19

3.4 3 SSD 1 word 25 ns 3 3.2 600 word 3 25 ns 600 word = 15 µs 15 µs 1 1 1 peaking time 3.4.2 FPGA ADC Flash ADC 10 FPGA 2 20 FIFO ( 3.8) 3.8 FPGA FPGA 1 FIFO ADC ( 3.9) header ADC pedestal box DAQ ADC suppression box 20

3.4 3 SSD 3.9 suppression box 1 FIFO ( 3.10) ADC 10 7 2 10 29 chipa FIFO 3 temp FIFO chipa temp FIFO chipb chipc chipd FIFO 1 FIFO 100 ns FIFO FPGA 3.10 FIFO 21

4 4 SSD - SSD SSD LEPS2 LEPS LEPS2 LEPS2 LEPS2 SSD 1 LEPS LEPS2 LEPS SSD LEPS SSD J-PARC E03 SSD 4.1 SSD 0 2.1 1/2 - - - 10 V 1 100 V 4.1 0 1/2 60 V 60 V 22

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.1-4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4.2.1 LEPS2 SSD LEPS2 2 2 2 80 mm 8 mm 4 mm 2 64 mm 2 ( 4.2) 400 khz 4.5 2 cm 23

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.2 4.3 2 24

4.2 LEPS2 実験における SSD のストリップの平均ヒット数の見積もり 図 4.4 ビーム中心合わせの様子 25 4 性能評価実験

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.5 4.4 + 1 mm 4.7 400 khz 4.8 4.6 26

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.7 4.8 27

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.2.2 APV25-s1 APV25-s1 APV25-s1 peaking time APV25-s1 a b c f(x) = a x c e x c b (4.1) b peaking time : 50 ns 28

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 peaking time : 100 ns peaking time : 200 ns 4.9 peaking time 29

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 ADC 1 ADC 1 ADC 4.1 1 1 ADC 1 4.1 1 ADC peaking time 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns 1 85.0% 97.6% 99.6% 1 91.8% 98.2% 99.6% 4.2.3 SSD LEPS2 peaking time SSD γ 64 mm 2 400 khz 10 MHz ( 4.11) SSD 1.14 SSD 7.5 mm 5 mm 7.5 mm 12.5 mm 10 mm ( 4.10) 10 MHz 4.2 4.10 30

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 [mm] [cps/mm 2 ] 5 780 10 390 15 120 20 20 25 2 4.11 4.2 γ 10 Mcps 4.2 ( ) ( ) SSD1 25 mm SSD 1 89 kcps γ 1 mm LEPS2 15 cm ( 4.12) ( 4.3) SSD 1 1.1 kcps ( 4.4) [mm] [cps/mm 2 ] 5 7.0 10 4.3 15 2.0 20 0.6 25 0.1 4.12 4.3 γ 10 Mcps 31

4.2 LEPS2 SSD 4 4.4 10 Mcps SSD 1 89 kcps 1.1 kcps 90.1 kcps peaking time 4.9 rms 3 ch 3 σ 10 ch 10 ch peaking time 4.5 4.5 peaking time peaking time 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns 200 ns 520 ns 1100 ns peaking time 50 ns 200 ns 200 ns SSD (SSD 1 ) ( ) peaking time 4.6 peaking time SSD 1 0.1 10 Mcps 4.6 peaking time peaking time 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns 0.018 0.046 0.098 32

4.3 4 4.3 SSD ADC 4.13 high (3.2.2 ) ADC ADC ADC 2 ( 4.15) high low ( 4.17) ( 4.19 4.20) 4.13 33

4.3 4 4.14 ADC 4.15 0 ADC 34

4.3 4 4.16 high 4.17 low 4.18 35

4.3 4 4.19 4.20 36

4.3 4 ADC ch0 vs ch1 ch0 vs ch2 ch1 vs ch2 4.21 ch0 vs ch16 ch0 vs ch32 ch0 vs ch48 4.22 ch0 vs ch10 ch0 vs ch20 ch10 vs ch20 4.23 37

4.4 4 4.4 FPGA peaking time peaking time LEPS2 SSD SSD ( 3.2) LEPS TOF SSD 6 ( 4.24) x y SSD 6 x y 3 ( 4.25) 4.24 SSD 38

4.4 4 4.25 SSD SSD x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 ( 4.26) SSD 1.5 cm 1.5 cm 2 100 Hz 40 Hz run rms + 3 σ run + 3 σ 4.4.1 SSD B 39

4.4 4 4.26 SSD 4.27 40

4.4 4 : peaking time 50 ns x1 x1 4.28 50 ns 4.29 100 ns 41

4.4 4 4.30 200 ns 4.4.2 SSD 1. SSD 2. 1 3 (x1 x3 y1 y3) 3. SSD (x2 y2) 4. x1 3 σ 3 4.31 1 42

4.4 4 5 SSD 1 SSD 2 2 1 3 (x1 y ) 3 σ 3 2 SSD 4 3 3 σ 5 4 1 4 = 2 (4.2) peaking time SSD 4.32 4.33 4.34 99 % LEPS2 4.32 50 ns 43

4.5 FIFO 4 4.33 100 ns 4.34 200 ns 4.5 FIFO APVDAQ 1 44

4.5 FIFO 4 4.35 APVDAQ 1 word 1 word 2 µs 1 FIFO 10 µs 1 VME - CPU 1 APVDAQ 1 word 14 µs ( 3.6) 1 VME - CPU 1 APVDAQ 1 word 15 µs 1 word 2 µs 2 word FIFO 15 µs 1 VME - CPU APVDAQ FIFO 1 1 VME - CPU APVDAQ 1 VME - CPU APVDAQ 45

5 5 LEPS2 SSD 100 µm 99 % 15 µs SSD APVDAQ FPGA SSD 99% FPGA 1 VME - CPU 1 APVDAQ 1 word 15 µs LEPS2 1 word 2 µs 46

5 2 LEPS J-PARC E03 SSD E03 J-PARC SSD SSD SSD 47

[1] SPring-8 Web Site http://www.spring8.or.jp/ja/ [2] D.Diakonov, V.Petrov, M.Polykov, Z.Phys.A. 359 (1997) 305 [3] T.Nakano, et al., Phys.Rev.Lett, 91 (2003) 012002 [4] T.Nakano, et al., Phys.Rev. C 79 (2009) 025210 [5] B.McKinnon, et. al., Phys.Rev.Lett, 96 (2006) 212001 [6] D.Jido, et al., Nucl.Phys. A 725 (2003) 181 [7] T. Hyodo, A. Hosaka, M. J. Vicente Vacas and E. Oset, Phys.Lett. B 593 (2004) 75 [8] Particle Data Group, Atomic & Nuclear Properties [9] W.R.Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments [10] L.Jones,APV25-S1 User GuideVersion 2.2, (RAL Microelectronics Design Group 2001) [11] C.Irmler, Upgrade Studies for the Belle Silicon Vertex Detector,diploma thesis, (Vienna University of Technology,2008) [12] HEPHY, APVDAQ APV25 Readout System Reference Manual,(Institute of High Energy Physics) 48

A APVDAQ MASTER SLAVE A APVDAQ Master Slave A.1 [12] A.2 [12] 49

B B B.1 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns x1 1.759 1.250 1.650 1.201 1.654 1.195 x2 1.636 1.214 1.560 1.163 1.521 1.157 x3 1.595 1.197 1.527 1.152 1.503 1.146 y1 1.590 1.222 1.508 1.171 1.477 1.155 y2 1.595 1.296 1.775 1.429 1.434 1.136 y3 1.495 1.181 1.438 1.135 1.425 1.129 B.2 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns x1 1.825 1.271 1.708 1.215 1.648 1.200 x2 1.671 1.240 1.576 1.177 1.532 1.159 x3 1.614 1.286 1.527 1.159 1.503 1.146 y1 1.609 1.240 1.505 1.171 1.475 1.159 y2 1.641 1.286 1.506 1.199 1.435 1.138 y3 1.505 1.181 1.436 1.136 1.425 1.129 50

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 51

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.1 50 ns y3 52

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 53

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.2 100 ns y3 54

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 55

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.3 200 ns y3 56

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 57

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.4 50 ns y3 58

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 59

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.5 100 ns y3 60

B x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 61

B y1 y1 y2 y2 y3 B.6 200 ns y3 62

C C C.1 50 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 10981 10830 10830 10739 9816 x2 10645 10508 10508 10428 9776 x3 10596 10460 10459 10371 9766 y1 10635 10506 10506 10427 9756 y2 10592 10444 10443 10354 9816 y3 10599 10465 10465 10381 9780 100 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 12863 12690 12690 12592 11973 x2 12481 12351 12351 12245 11930 x3 12419 12265 12258 12168 11922 y1 13131 12986 12986 12877 11923 y2 12525 12343 12343 12242 11994 y3 12491 12360 12360 12250 11958 200 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 14086 13909 13909 13795 13168 x2 13585 13444 13444 13332 13137 x3 13611 13448 13432 13340 13126 y1 13558 13416 13416 13316 13146 y2 13688 13514 13507 13405 13180 y3 13656 13509 13509 13399 13157 63

C C.2 50 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 10326 10199 10199 10127 9187 x2 10035 9930 9930 9866 9141 x3 10041 9928 9925 9861 9133 y1 10092 9987 9987 9918 9126 y2 9919 9798 9798 9726 9167 y3 9877 9771 9771 9702 9136 100 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 13347 13165 13165 13037 12372 x2 12844 12681 12681 12579 12296 x3 12874 12723 12717 12614 12323 y1 13102 12938 12938 12838 12293 y2 12900 12738 12737 12623 12342 y3 12829 12672 12672 12570 12307 200 ns 1 2 3 4 5 x1 14100 13924 13924 13800 13210 x2 13607 13436 13436 13317 13122 x3 13681 13529 13515 13403 13187 y1 13557 13388 13388 13306 13154 y2 13702 13537 13532 13419 13216 y3 13721 13554 13554 13455 13204 64

C 4 x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.1 y3 50 ns 4 65

C x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.2 y3 100 ns 4 66

C x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.3 y3 200 ns 4 67

C x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.4 y3 50 ns 4 68

C x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.5 y3 100 ns 4 69

C x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 C.6 y3 200 ns 4 70

C C.3 [%] x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 y3 50 ns 99.16 ± 0.09 99.24 ± 0.08 99.15 ± 0.09 99.25 ± 0.08 99.14 ± 0.09 99.20 ± 0.09 100 ns 99.23 ± 0.08 99.14 ± 0.08 99.21 ± 0.08 99.316 ± 0.08 99.18 ± 0.08 99.11 ± 0.08 200 ns 99.18 ± 0.08 99.17 ± 0.08 99.20 ± 0.08 99.25 ± 0.07 99.19 ± 0.08 99.19 ± 0.08 x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 y3 50 ns 99.29 ± 0.08 99.36 ± 0.08 99.33 ± 0.08 99.31 ± 0.07 99.27 ± 0.08 99.29 ± 0.08 100 ns 99.03 ± 0.09 99.20 ± 0.08 99.14 ± 0.08 99.23 ± 0.08 99.10 ± 0.08 99.20 ± 0.08 200 ns 99.11 ± 0.08 99.11 ± 0.08 99.07 ± 0.08 99.39 ± 0.07 99.13 ± 0.08 99.27 ± 0.07 71