1: USERS MUSES-C km km H-2A 2
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1 () 80 50km 1 GPS 2 2: (X)
2 1: USERS MUSES-C km km H-2A 2
![2. 1 3. 4. GPS 5. 6. 2 5 1 2.1.3 1 3 1: [mm] 200 [mm] 150 [mm] 300 [kg] 5.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/3-0.jpg "2 [mm] 30 [mm] 25 ˆ ˆ V ˆ ˆ ˆ - 2.2 8[km/s] 3: - - CFD 3")
3 GPS : [mm] 200 [mm] 150 [mm] 300 [kg] 5.2 [mm] 30 [mm] 25 ˆ ˆ V ˆ ˆ ˆ [km/s] 3: - - CFD 3
4 φ [rad] δ(mv ) = ρ V sin φ V sin φ = ρ V 2 sin 2 φ p p = ρ V 2 sin 2 φ C p C p = p p 1 2 ρ V 2 = 2 sin 2 φ C p = C pmax sin 2 φ [ (γ + 1) 2 C pmax = 4γ γ = 1.4 C p = sin 2 φ ] γ/(γ 1) 4: θ R C D C D = 1 2Rθ = θ θ C p sin φdφ θ ( sin θ 1 ) 3 sin3 θ = (θ = π 4 ) - C D MUSES-C MUSES-C. 2.3,, : J 2 4
5 6: - 7 V,,, V = 50[m/s], V, V = 100[m/s] J 2 α air α air = D air m = 1 2m ρ airv 2 SC D ˆV D air : m: ρ air : V : S: C D : ˆV : V a = [km] e = 0 i = 30[deg] Ω = 0[deg] ω =- ν = 0[deg] V = 100[m/s],2125[s] 13154[km] V 10[deg] 20[deg] 8 V = 90[m/s] 9 x () y ( ) V 10[deg] V = 90[m/s] V ν = 60[deg] ν = 240[deg] 130[deg] ±10[deg] V ν = 60[deg] ν = 240[deg] 130±10[deg] 26[deg] i sin(ν) V 5
6 7: 6
![T a T = 2π 3 = 5431[s] = 1.5086[h] µ 1 15[deg] 15[deg] 1.5086 = 22.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/7-2.jpg "63[deg] V 10: 8: ( V = 100[m/s]) 2: (68%) (16%) (14%) ρ[kg/m 3 ] 1700 [K] 3100 I sp [s] 295 [mm/s] 5 9 2.4.2 9: ( V = 90[m/s]) 2.")
7 T a T = 2π 3 = 5431[s] = [h] µ 1 15[deg] 15[deg] = 22.63[deg] V 10: 8: ( V = 100[m/s]) 2: (68%) (16%) (14%) ρ[kg/m 3 ] 1700 [K] 3100 I sp [s] 295 [mm/s] : ( V = 90[m/s]) V [10] 2 250[s] m 0 m grain m 0 V = I sp g ln m 0 m grain 7
![g, m 0 m grain = 0.21[kg] 11 D 1 = 0.08[m] D 2 = 0.02[m] L = 0.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/8-0.jpg "03[m] 5[mm/s] I : [kg m 2 ] ω : [rad/sec] τ : [N m] F : [N] l : [m] r : [m] α : [deg] m : [kg] I sp : (=250[sec]) g : D 1 D 2 1 2 5 = 6[sec] 12: 2.4.")
8 g, m 0 m grain = 0.21[kg] 11 D 1 = 0.08[m] D 2 = 0.02[m] L = 0.03[m] 5[mm/s] I : [kg m 2 ] ω : [rad/sec] τ : [N m] F : [N] l : [m] r : [m] α : [deg] m : [kg] I sp : (=250[sec]) g : D 1 D = 6[sec] 12: : 12 [ ] b [ ] dω I = [τ] b [ω (Iω)] b dt b df dt τ = F l 2 + r 2 sin = dm dt I spg ( πα r ) tan 1 l I = diag(0.0675, , ) l = 0.10 r = 0.01 α = 3 10[deg] [rpm] 50[rpm]
9 : 16: 14: 17 17: 15: ˆ 9
![ˆ ˆ Spallation ˆ 2.5.2 step1: step2: 2 step1: q conv = 110.35 Rn ρ ρ s ( h s h w h s h w0 )[MW/m 2 ] Tauber q rad = 4.736 10 2 RNρ a 1.22 f(v )[MW/m 2 ] 1.072 10 6 V 1.88 ρ 0.325 when R N 1 min(0.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/10-0.jpg "6, 1.072 10 6 V 1.88 ρ 0.325 ) a = when 1 R N 2 min(0.5, 1.072 10 6 V 1.88 ρ 0.325 ) when 2 R N 3 f(v ) V =8.0km/s 1.5 m[g/cm 2 /s] Metzger, ṁ sub = Pe R N 30.5 R N + 1.18 10 5 e 22140/Tw ( 4.")
10 ˆ ˆ Spallation ˆ step1: step2: 2 step1: q conv = Rn ρ ρ s ( h s h w h s h w0 )[MW/m 2 ] Tauber q rad = RNρ a 1.22 f(v )[MW/m 2 ] V 1.88 ρ when R N 1 min(0.6, V 1.88 ρ ) a = when 1 R N 2 min(0.5, V 1.88 ρ ) when 2 R N 3 f(v ) V =8.0km/s 1.5 m[g/cm 2 /s] Metzger, ṁ sub = Pe R N 30.5 R N e 22140/Tw ( e Tw Pe 2/3 e Tw 18 ) 2 q in = q conv + q rad ṁ sub h sub V 2 V ( ) 3 R N 1/2 Detra-Kemp-Riddell V ρ 18: 1O 10
11 2O M 2 ( + 1)2 ρ e = ρ [ 2( 1) 2γ γ 1 M 2 1 ] 1 γ 1 γ + 1 M 2 2 2γ γ 1 M ( T e = T 1 + 2γ ) γ 1 M 2 q in q in = ɛσt :1300[kg/m 3 ] ():0.95[W/(m K)] :950[J/(kg K)] : T w T w = 4 qin ɛσ t(s) l(m) l = ṁsub ρ versin t step2: T t = κ 2 t x 2 ˆ T base = 320(x, t > 0) ˆ T surfase = T w (0, t > 0) T base = 320(L, t > 0) 320[K] 80[km] 60[km] [K] 320[K] 30[mm] 19: - 20: - Thermal Desktop 23 Excel 320[K] 1.41[mm] 21 11
![21:. 30[mm] 25[mm]. 700[K] HOPE-X :130[kg/m 3 ] :0.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/12-2.jpg "1[W/m/K] :1047[J/kg/K] 12[mm] 1 2.68[kg] 2.6,. 24. OREX(1994). 22: 24: 2.6.1 23: ThermalDesktop,.")
12 21:. 30[mm] 25[mm]. 700[K] HOPE-X :130[kg/m 3 ] :0.1[W/m/K] :1047[J/kg/K] 12[mm] [kg] 2.6,. 24. OREX(1994). 22: 24: : ThermalDesktop,.,..,,,.,,. 12
![,.,.,.,,.. Bohm,, I r. I r = ne iv + (2πR p L) 4 0.1[mm], 0.1[mm], 5[mm].,, 5V. M. 45[deg], 10[mm] 30[mm], 10[mm]. 25., OREX 26[ JAXA ].. R p, L.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/13-1.jpg "n, e i, v +. v +. v + = 2kTe M k, T e, M., NO +.,,,.,, CFD.,,, T e 3000[K]. 1/2,., OREX,,.,. 2.6.2, OREX.,,,.. 25: JAXA 26: (OREX) 2.7,.,.., 13")
13 ,.,.,.,,.. Bohm,, I r. I r = ne iv + (2πR p L) 4 0.1[mm], 0.1[mm], 5[mm].,, 5V. M. 45[deg], 10[mm] 30[mm], 10[mm]. 25., OREX 26[ JAXA ].. R p, L. n, e i, v +. v +. v + = 2kTe M k, T e, M., NO +.,,,.,, CFD.,,, T e 3000[K]. 1/2,., OREX,,., , OREX.,,,.. 25: JAXA 26: (OREX) 2.7,.,.., 13
14 ,. f p,. f p = 1 n 0 e 2 2π ε 0 m 8.98 n 0 [Hz] n 0 [m 3 ], e [C], ε 0 [F/m], m [kg].,,.,.,., NASA RAM B-2(1963), RAM C-1(1967), , p b = p a + ρ a u 2 a(1 ρ a ρ b ) h b = h a + u2 a 2 (1 (ρ a ρ b ) 2 ) a, b p ρ u h p b = p a + ρ a u 2 a h b = h a + u2 a 2 Gordon McMcBride 11 O, N, O 2, N 2, NO, O +, N +, O + 2, N + 2, NO+, e ) 3: φ MPa 1.2MPa DC12V 0.19A p = N tot kt k ( [J/K]) 27: GPS L5 (1.176GHz) GHz, m m , φ5.,
15 NASA NASDA CPU H8/3048., 1Mbyte EEPROM. H8/ : W 0.1 dbi 0.9 kbyte 12 kbyte 2 s 15 s 2 kbps 6.4 kbps ( ) ( ) : 4: H8/3048 CPU H8/300H 16[MHz] ROM 128[Kbyte] RAM 4[Kbyte] EEPROM 1[Mbyte] [V] [ ] [mm]() 2.11,GPS,,, 600[s] = 0.17[h],, Panasonic BR2477A. 8 BR2477A. 9, GPS 6 1Hz 16bit kbyte 0.1Hz GPS 3 12kbyte 5 8: BR2477A φ [mm] 8 [ ] 1.0 [A h] 3 [V] [ ] GPS,,CPU 5[V] 2, 12[V] TOREX DC-DC (XC9119). N[ ]. 15
16 6: - C/N 0 C/N0 MHz km EIRP dbw dbw db 0 0 dbi db db km db 3 3 db db db 0 0 G/T db/k db dbi db 0 0 dbk K K K db 3 2 C/N 0 dbhz dbhz : - C/N 0 C/N0 FM GFSK E b /N 0 db db db kbps db db 3 3 C/N 0 dbhz
17 9: [V] [W] GPS 5 1 CPU : V N = = = 0.48 < 1[ ] BR2477A a = [km] i = 30[deg] r a = 600[km] r p = 200[km] 0.27[km/s] V V = 70[m/s] V = 40[m/s] 30[m/s] [deg] V 1 180[deg] [deg] ν = 60( 240)[deg],,ν = 60( 240)[deg] ν = 60[deg] 1, Ω = 0[deg] 60[deg], J 2, 360/365[deg],, 7 Ω = 3πJ 2Re 2 cos i a 2 (1 e) = 7.347[deg/Day] J 2 = Re = [km] :
![10[km],](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/18-0.jpg "50,30,10[km]")
![490[mm]](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/18-2.jpg "450[mm] 11 30")
18 10[km], 50,30,10[km] 29 31: 29: [mm] 450[mm] [kg] (6[kg] 2) 46.0[kg] 32: CPU 30: 18
19 11: [mm] [kg] GPS IGPS TXE430MFMCW-301A RXE430M-301A EEPROM BR2477A φ CPU H8/ φ [m] 0.5[m] Sun Sensor model 0.05 φ Magnetic Sensor HMC Gyro Sensor ITG GPS IGPS SV 14 Cold Gas Thruster TXE430MFMCW-301A RXE430M-301A CPU SEMC5701B KR-CH(3.0) φ ITJ Solar Cells ( + 2)
![3.2.2 CFRP CFRP ( ) XN-90 CFRP 12 12: [deg] 0 90 [kg/m 3 ] 2190 [MPa] 1800 25 [GPa] 550( ) 5.4 540( ) - [MPa] 370 - [MPa] 60 0.34 3.2.3,µ-Labsat1.., Dyneema (YGK 1-5-10) 20 (0.740mm).](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/20-0.jpg "Dyneema 160 250,. 3 1,,.,3 1, 1. 10mm 4 ( TM10 20, 20mm),3mm.,,. 33. 33:, 80kg., 6G 4 6GMg + 4 kx = 6 5g + 4 30640 0.003 = 720.72[N] = 73.49[kg],., 3. (, ),.,, 1cm, 1.5mm 5mm 4.5., W = cρv (T T 0 ) = 2300 900 1.")
20 3.2.2 CFRP CFRP ( ) XN-90 CFRP 12 12: [deg] 0 90 [kg/m 3 ] 2190 [MPa] [GPa] 550( ) ( ) - [MPa] [MPa] ,µ-Labsat1.., Dyneema (YGK ) 20 (0.740mm). Dyneema ,. 3 1,,.,3 1, 1. 10mm 4 ( TM10 20, 20mm),3mm.,, :, 80kg., 6G 4 6GMg + 4 kx = 6 5g = [N] = 73.49[kg],., 3. (, ),.,, 1cm, 1.5mm 5mm 4.5., W = cρv (T T 0 ) = (523 3) = 13.9[J],15[W]. Cute-1.7+APD 1 5[sec], 3 20
![10.,. 0.429[m/sec]. GPS. 3.2.4,,,. 34. 4 ( ), 8 21[mm].](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/21-0.jpg "12[mm] ( TU21 25, 25[mm]), 15mm. 15[mm]. 0.767[m/s]. GPS.")
![Pro Engineer/Mechanica ˆ 500[g] ˆ 500[g] MECO 4G 1.8G 1.5 6G 2.7G 35 47.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/21-1.jpg "65[MPa] MS = 370 47.65 1 = 6.76 > 0 35: 34: H2A 30[Hz] 10[Hz] 52.")
21 10., [m/sec]. GPS ,,, ( ), 8 21[mm]. 12[mm] ( TU21 25, 25[mm]), 15mm. 15[mm] [m/s]. GPS. Pro Engineer/Mechanica ˆ 500[g] ˆ 500[g] MECO 4G 1.8G 1.5 6G 2.7G [MPa] MS = = 6.76 > 0 35: 34: H2A 30[Hz] 10[Hz] 52.36Hz H2A H-2A MECO
![3.3.2 36: 50[rpm] 2[deg] 3.3.3. T g = 4Ω 2 (I y I z )φ I y, I z :, [kg m 3 ] Ω :, Ω µ/r 3 r : [km] µ : (=3.986 10 5 [km 3 /s 2 ]) φ : [deg] I y I z = 0.0001 r = 6678.142 = 36.58 φ = 10 T g = 9.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/22-0.jpg "68 10 7. T s = F s (cp cg) F s : [N] cp : cg : P : A : [m 2 ] ρ s : [-] i : [deg] A = 0.216 ρ s = 0.08 i = 10 cp cg = 0.05 T s = 5.17 10 8. T m = M m B M m : [A m 2 ] B : [tesla] M : ) (=7.")
22 : 50[rpm] 2[deg] T g = 4Ω 2 (I y I z )φ I y, I z :, [kg m 3 ] Ω :, Ω µ/r 3 r : [km] µ : (= [km 3 /s 2 ]) φ : [deg] I y I z = r = = φ = 10 T g = T s = F s (cp cg) F s : [N] cp : cg : P : A : [m 2 ] ρ s : [-] i : [deg] A = ρ s = 0.08 i = 10 cp cg = 0.05 T s = T m = M m B M m : [A m 2 ] B : [tesla] M : ) (= [tesla m 3 ] M m = 0.1 B = T m = T a = F a (cp cg) 22
23 F a : [N] cp : cg : ρ : [kg/m 3 ] C d : (2 2.5) A : [m 2 ] ν : [m/s] ρ = C d = 2.3 A = ν = 7726 cp cg = T a = : T g [Nm] T s [Nm] T m [Nm] T a [Nm] T max [Nm] Optical Energy Technologies Model : [deg] ± 0.05(2 ) [deg] 100 [g] 40 [mm] φ [W] 0.05 [ ] -30 to 80 3 Honeywell HMC : [gauss] ± 4 [% FS] ± 0.1 [kg] 0.05 [mm] [VDC] 1.8( ) ( )[mw] 1.44 [ ] -30 to 85 3 InvenSense ITG : [deg/s] ±2000 [%] ± 0.1 [mm] [µ A] 5 [VDC] ( )[mw] GPS [ ] -30 to 85 GPS GPS IGPS
![17: GPS [V] 5 [ma] 160( ) [W] 0.8( ) [g] 39g [mm] 11 36 56 [ ] -30 +70 18: Operating Fluid Xe 3.3.5 3.1.3 CMG 50 50 50[cm 3 ] 1 1 t [s] GN 2 Thrust Levels [mn] 40(±5% ) Operational Temperature [ ] -35 to 65 Operating Pressure [bar] 2.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/24-0.jpg "5 Opening/Closing Response [msec] 4 Mass[g] 75 Maximum Length [mm] 52 Maximum O/D [mm] 15.85 H = T max t = 2.33 10 5 5431 = 0.")
24 17: GPS [V] 5 [ma] 160( ) [W] 0.8( ) [g] 39g [mm] [ ] : Operating Fluid Xe CMG [cm 3 ] 1 1 t [s] GN 2 Thrust Levels [mn] 40(±5% ) Operational Temperature [ ] -35 to 65 Operating Pressure [bar] 2.5 Opening/Closing Response [msec] 4 Mass[g] 75 Maximum Length [mm] 52 Maximum O/D [mm] H = T max t = = 0.127[N ms] MAROTTA SV14 Cold Gas Thtuster SV14 40mN [mm] : 24
25 [m] F(=0.04 [N]) 0[rpm] 50[rpm](=5.23[rad/s]) ( ) ( I sp =90[s]) 1.68[kgm 2 ] t[s] t = 5.23[rad/s] 1.68[kgm2 ] 0.04[N] 0.093[m] 2 = 1355[s] m[kg] m = 0.04[m/s2 ] 2 t[s] 90[s] 9.8[m/s 2 ] = 0.108[kg] 155[l(1 )] 20.49[l] [l(1 )] HK HouseKeeping data km 30[deg] JAXA 45[deg] 19 19: km 300 min 90.5 km/s 7.72 deg 45 km 600 s 77.8 HK HK 0.1Hz kbyte HK 16bit 6 1Hz GPS 0.1Hz kbyte 3 1Hz 28.8kbyte kbps kbps TXE430MFMCW-301A,RXE430M-301A 25
26 20: 8 GPS ,22 300km PFD [ (πd ) 2 G[dBi] = 10 log η] λ D : [m] η : (60 ) λ : [m] : TXE430MFMCW-301A W W 3.2 V kbps 9.6 mm g 60 RXE430M-301A dbm -123 ma 25 V kbps mm g 38 22: MHz 430 mm 130 g 50 dbi 1.2 Ω 73 23: m 1 dbi 10.3,, 1 26
27 24: - C/N 0 C/N0 MHz km EIRP dbw dbw db 0 0 dbi db db km db 3 3 db db db 0 0 G/T db/k db dbi db 0 0 dbk K K K db 3 2 C/N 0 dbhz dbhz PFD dbw : - C/N 0 C/N0 FM GFSK E b /N 0 db db db kbps db db 3 3 C/N 0 dbhz
![,,.,. 3.5.2 38. SEMC5701B., SpaceWire,. CPU VR5701.OS ITRON OS et-kernel. 26..,,,,. 27. +10%. 27: [V] [W] 4 5 0.2 1 1.8 0.001 1 3.6 0.02 GPS 1 5 0.8 CPU 1 5 10 1 5 3.2 1 5 0.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/28-0.jpg "07 4 24 14 38: 26: VR5701 CPU VR5701 300[MHz] 16[MByte] DRAM I/F DDR SDRAM 64[Mbyte] IEEE1355(SpaceWire) +5[V] -20 50[ ] 52 52 55[mm] 3.6.2 SANYO KR-CH(3.0). 28. 60,. 28: KR-CH(3.0) φ25.")
28 ,,., SEMC5701B., SpaceWire,. CPU VR5701.OS ITRON OS et-kernel. 26..,,,, %. 27: [V] [W] GPS CPU : 26: VR5701 CPU VR [MHz] 16[MByte] DRAM I/F DDR SDRAM 64[Mbyte] IEEE1355(SpaceWire) +5[V] [ ] [mm] SANYO KR-CH(3.0) ,. 28: KR-CH(3.0) φ [mm] 78 [ ] 2.9 [A h] 1.2 [V] ,.,, C r : [A h] P e : [W] P t : [W] T e : [h] T t : [h] C d : DOD N : 28
29 V d : n :, C r, C r = P et e + P t T t C d NV d n. 3 4, 300[km], 30[degree], T = 1.50[h], T e = 0.58[h], T d = T T e = 0.92[h] DOD C d =60[%]. n = 0.8. V d V d =5[V], 24[v] TOREX DC-DC (XC9101) 24[V]., = = 5 = 4.2 < 5[ ] P t = 15.4[W ], T t = 300[s]=0.08[h], 27 P e = 15.1[W] N, N = P et e + P t T t C r C d V d n = = 1.49 < 2[ ].. KR-CH(3.0) 2 2 5= = 1560 [g] SPECTROLAB Improved Triple Junction (ITJ) Solar Cells. 29. P sa : [W] P e : [W] P d : [W] 29: ITJ (28 ) 0.14 [mm] 26.8 [%] () 0.16 [A/cm 2 ] () 2.27 [V] 0.92 [%] 0.85 [%] [%/ ] 84 [mg/cm 2 ] P t : [W] T e : [h] T d : [h] T t : [h] X e : X d :, P sa (EOL) P sa (EOL) = (P et e + P m T m )/X e + P d T d /X d T d.,x e = X d = 0.90.P e = P d, P sa (EOL) = ( )/ = 30.0[W]. 3 4,,,,. 65, 29 28, [%/ ], γ γ = 1 + (65 28) ( 0.286/100) = P sa (BOL) P sa (BOL) = P sa(eol) γ. = = 33.6[W] 29
30 ., 1/π, π., 1350[W/m 2 ], = P sa (BOL) π = 33.6 π = 0.292[m2 ] = = ( ) 2 = 729[ ].,1 2[cm] 2[cm]. 750[ ], 90%, = = 750 ( ) 2 = 0.33[m 2 ] [mm] 450[mm] 8, 0.72[m 2 ]. 52%. 0.33/ = 46%,., (5 1.2 = 6[V]), 20%, = 7.2[V], = = 7.2 = 3.17 < 4[ ] = = = 200[ ]., ,, i 0 4[K] m i c pi dt i dt = Q i n C ij (T i T j ) j=1 n j=1 R ij σ(t 4 i T 4 j ) 30
![30:, [W] [ ] 4 0.2-30/+80 0.001-30/+85 0.02-30/+85 GPS 0.](/docs-images/91/106723960/images/31-0.jpg "22-30/+80 CPU 10-20/+50 3.2-30/60 0.")
31 30:, [W] [ ] / / /+85 GPS /+80 CPU 10-20/ / / / / : 39: m i : i [kg] c pi : i [J/(kg K)] T i, T j : i, j [K] Q i : i [W] C ij : i, j [W/K] R ij : i, j [m 2 ] σ : (= [W/(m 2 K 4 )]) Q i Q i 31
32 Q i = α i I s A i F s + ai s A i F e + α i I e A i F e + P i α i : i A i : i [m 2 ] I s : [W/m 2 ] I e : [W/m 2 ] F s : F e : a : P i : i [W], I s I s = 1353 ( )[W/m 2 ] 1399W/m 2, 1309W/m 2 a,,, a = (+0.30, 0.15) I e = (+27, 97)[W/m 2 ] F e F e { F e = R 2 e (R e + H) 2 R e : [km] H : [km] R e =6378km,H=300km } 27.8W C ij 1 C ij = 1 Cd i + 1 Cs ij + 1 Cd j Cd i = k i A i /L i Cs ij = h ij A ij Cd i : [W/(m 2 K) k i : [W/(m K) A i : [m 2 L i : [m Cs ij : i, j [W/(m 2 K) hij : i, j [W/(m 2 K) Aij : i, j [m 2 ] CFRP R ij R ij = ɛ i ɛ j F ij A i ɛ i, ɛ j : i, j F ij : i j 41 2 F ij F ij = 1 cosθ i cosθ j πa i A i A j r 2 da i da j r : i, j [m] θ i : Ai i, j [rad] θ j : Aj i, j [rad] 31 F e =
33 42: 41: 31: : CFRP k=100w/mk XN-90(k=500W/mK) (k=0.1w/mk) h=1000w/m 2 K CFRP 850[J/kg K] ( 5 8,19 26) ( 1,2,3,4) 50 44: 45: 33
34 42 図 45 の傾きが正の部分が太陽の光を受けて いる部分 傾きが負の部分が地球の裏に隠れた部 分である 一つの山が 1 周期となる 今回は 平 衡状態に達したと考えられる時間までの計算結果 を示す 図 42 と図 43 はそれぞれ熱入力が最大の 時の機器搭載部温度 (代表して節点 1) と 太陽電 池パネル (代表して節点 6), 放熱面 (代表して節点 5) の温度である 図 44 と図 45 はそれぞれ熱入力 が最小の時の機器搭載部温度と 太陽電池パネル, 放熱面の温度である 図 42 において機器搭載部の最大温度は約 42 で あり 2 周期目で平衡状態に達している 図 43 に おいて太陽電池パネルの最高温度は約 38 であ り これも 2 周期目で平衡状態に達している し たがって 熱入力が最大の時は機器は許容温度範 囲内で使用可能で 太陽電池パネルの効率低下も 顕著には起こらない 図 44, 図 45 においても計算時間をより長くしても 平衡状態は続くので 機器の許容温度範囲を満た す結果となり太陽電池パネルの効率もそれほど低 下しない 衛星に放熱面を設けることにより温度の上下を調 整した 熱解析結果より 衛星はミッション期間 において正常に動作すると考えられる 4 図 46: GPS のログ (予想) 期待される成果 図 47: 電子数密度の変化 (予想) ブラックアウトの時間に対して 本ミッション でカプセルに搭載する水の量は RAM-C 等の過去 の実験よりも少なく ブラックアウトを完全に回 避することは出来ないと予想される 求電子剤と して用いる水の散布の有無による電子数密度の違 いを確認しやすくするために 水は比較的低いプ ラズマ電子数密度において一気に散布する その とき得られると考えられる GPS のログと電子数 密度の変化を図 46 図 47 に示す 5 プセルにジャイロ剛性を与えること 回収を行わ ずに落下地点の誤差楕円を大きく設定することに よって解決する また 誤差楕円が大きいため通信に有利な陸地や 沖合いに着水させることができず 実験終了後の カプセルと陸上の地上局は直接通信できない そ こで 地上局に実験結果を送信するためにカプセ ルを射出した衛星をデータ中継衛星として利用す る点が 2 つめの特徴である これによって陸地から 遠く離れた洋上に落下目標地点を設定することが できる このような実験システムは弾道ミサイル では実現が難しく 人工衛星を用いる必要がある ミッションの特徴 ブラックアウト発生の指標となるプラズマ電子 数密度に対する求電子剤の効果を定量的に知るた めに 再突入カプセルを２個用いた対照実験を行 う点が特徴である そのため 1 個当たりのカプ セルの重量とサイズが限られてしまい 再突入の 精度に大きく影響する減速 V の大きさや方向を 微調整する機構を搭載できない この問題を ス ピンアップさせた衛星からカプセルを射出してカ 34
35 6 6.1., H2A,.,,.,,. 1,., JAXA. JAXA, 24. H2A, , , (PFM). PFM,, PFM. (EM), (PM) (FM).,,, PFM ,, BBM, BBM,EM,,, , PFM, PM FM. 2013,. 2014, H2A, ,. USERS, [1] Frank J. Regan, Satya M. Anandakrishman Dynamics of Atmospheric Re-Entry, AIAA Education Series(1993) 35
36 48: [2] John D. Anderson, Jr. Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics, McGraw- Hill Book Company(1989) [3] (2002) [4] (2006) [5] (2008) [6] (1995) [7] USERS (2005) [8] (2007) [9] (2005) [10] (2002) [11] James R. Wertz Spacecraft Attitude Determination and contorol, Kluwer Academic Publishers(1987) [12] Ryback J. P. and R. J. Churchill Progress in Reentry Communications, IEEE Trans. On Antennas and Propagation, vol. AES-7, no. 5, Sept. 1971, pp (1971) [14] Kim M.,Keidar M., and Boyd I. D. Two- Dimensional Model of an Electromagnetic Layer for the Mitigation of Communications Blackout, 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Orlando, Fl, Jan. 2009, no. AIAA [15] Koju Hiraki Yoshifumi Inatani The Aerodynamic Data Base for Asteroid Sample Return Capsule, The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Report SP No.17(2003) [16] Eric D. Gillman, John E. Foster, Isaiah M. Blankson Review of Leading Approaches for Mitigating Hypersonic Vehicle Communications Blackout and a Method of Ceramic Particulate Injection Via Cathode Spot Arcs for Blackout Mitigation, NASA TM (2010) [17],NASDA-SPP [18], The Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research, Vpl.82, No.6(2006), [13] Kim Min Kwan. Electromagnetic Manipulation of Plasma Layer for Re-Entry Blackout Mitigation, 36
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50cm 2500mm 300mm 15 CCD 15 100 1 2 3 4 23 SORA Kwak SeungJo 1 1.1 1995 20 2015 6 18 1931 1 2 3 2 ˆ 300mm 2500mm ˆ 2 1.2 WASP 1: 15 2048 2048 CCD 200mm 70 13 WASP 8 1.3 50cm 1 1: CCD 2: 1.4 MOST MOST 15
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26 1 22 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 30.0 cm 1.59 kg 110kPa, 42.1 C, 18.0m/s 107kPa c p =1.02kJ/kgK 278J/kgK 30.0 C, 250kPa (c p = 1.02kJ/kgK, R = 287J/kgK) 18.0 C m/s 16.9 C 320kPa 270 m/s C c p = 1.02kJ/kgK, R = 292J/kgK
64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () m/s : : a) b) kg/m kg/m k
63 3 Section 3.1 g 3.1 3.1: : 64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () 3 9.8 m/s 2 3.2 3.2: : a) b) 5 15 4 1 1. 1 3 14. 1 3 kg/m 3 2 3.3 1 3 5.8 1 3 kg/m 3 3 2.65 1 3 kg/m 3 4 6 m 3.1. 65 5
1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π
![1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π](/thumbs/101/149329485.jpg "1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π")
. 4cm 6 cm 4cm cm 8 cm λ()=a [kg/m] A 4cm A 4cm cm h h Y a G.38h a b () y = h.38h G b h X () S() = π() a,b, h,π V = ρ M = ρv G = M h S() 3 d a,b, h 4 G = 5 h a b a b = 6 ω() s v m θ() m v () θ() ω() dθ()
http://www.ike-dyn.ritsumei.ac.jp/ hyoo/wave.html 1 1, 5 3 1.1 1..................................... 3 1.2 5.1................................... 4 1.3.......................... 5 1.4 5.2, 5.3....................
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14 BIRD 1. ALOS ETS- 8 1 1 ETS- 6 6 ETS- 2 ETS- 3 ETS- 2 4 1 SN 2. 1 50kg 500mm H-A 2 H-A 5 H-A 3 4 5 1 800 1 1 3.1 JIS C 60068-2-6 450 6 1 800 6 1.0Hz ETS- 0.0933Hz 3 2.1 2.2 2.1 50kg 450R380P500Y mm
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ma22-9 u ( v w) = u v w sin θê = v w sin θ u cos φ = = 2.3 ( a b) ( c d) = ( a c)( b d) ( a d)( b c) ( a b) ( c d) = (a 2 b 3 a 3 b 2 )(c 2 d 3 c 3 d
A 2. x F (t) =f sin ωt x(0) = ẋ(0) = 0 ω θ sin θ θ 3! θ3 v = f mω cos ωt x = f mω (t sin ωt) ω t 0 = f ( cos ωt) mω x ma2-2 t ω x f (t mω ω (ωt ) 6 (ωt)3 = f 6m ωt3 2.2 u ( v w) = v ( w u) = w ( u v) ma22-9
The Physics of Atmospheres CAPTER :
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2.,, Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Saga Univ., JAPAN 4 Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Saga Univ., JAPAN 5 Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept.
I-2 (100 ) (1) y(x) y dy dx y d2 y dx 2 (a) y + 2y 3y = 9e 2x (b) x 2 y 6y = 5x 4 (2) Bernoulli B n (n = 0, 1, 2,...) x e x 1 = n=0 B 0 B 1 B 2 (3) co
16 I ( ) (1) I-1 I-2 I-3 (2) I-1 ( ) (100 ) 2l x x = 0 y t y(x, t) y(±l, t) = 0 m T g y(x, t) l y(x, t) c = 2 y(x, t) c 2 2 y(x, t) = g (A) t 2 x 2 T/m (1) y 0 (x) y 0 (x) = g c 2 (l2 x 2 ) (B) (2) (1)
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A 99% MS-Free Presentation 2 Galactic Dynamics (Binney & Tremaine 1987, 2008) Dynamics of Galaxies (Bertin 2000) Dynamical Evolution of Globular Clusters (Spitzer 1987) The Gravitational Million-Body Problem
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18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α 2 ), ϕ(t) = B 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + B 2 cos(ω 2 t
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ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 +
2.6 2.6.1 ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.121) Z ω ω j γ j f j
= hυ = h c λ υ λ (ev) = 1240 λ W=NE = Nhc λ W= N 2 10-16 λ / / Φe = dqe dt J/s Φ = km Φe(λ)v(λ)dλ THBV3_0101JA Qe = Φedt (W s) Q = Φdt lm s Ee = dφe ds E = dφ ds Φ Φ THBV3_0102JA Me = dφe ds M = dφ ds
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d M d t = γ M H + α M d M d t M γ [ 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α γ γ = gµ B h g g µ B h / π γ g = γ = 1.76 10 [ 7 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α α = λ γ λ λ λ α γ α α H α = γ H ω ω H α α H K K H K / M 1 1 > 0 α 1 M > 0 γ α γ =
(1.2) T D = 0 T = D = 30 kn 1.2 (1.4) 2F W = 0 F = W/2 = 300 kn/2 = 150 kn 1.3 (1.9) R = W 1 + W 2 = = 1100 N. (1.9) W 2 b W 1 a = 0
1 1 1.1 1.) T D = T = D = kn 1. 1.4) F W = F = W/ = kn/ = 15 kn 1. 1.9) R = W 1 + W = 6 + 5 = 11 N. 1.9) W b W 1 a = a = W /W 1 )b = 5/6) = 5 cm 1.4 AB AC P 1, P x, y x, y y x 1.4.) P sin 6 + P 1 sin 45
Gauss Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = Q (1) xy σ (x, y, z) (2) a ρ(x, y, z) = x 2 + y 2 (r, θ, φ) (1) xy A Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = ɛ 0 EA Q = ρa ɛ 0 EA = ρea E = (ρ/ɛ 0 )e
7 -a 7 -a February 4, 2007 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 1 Gauss Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = Q (1) xy σ (x, y, z) (2) a ρ(x, y, z) = x 2 + y 2 (r, θ, φ) (1) xy A Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = ɛ 0 EA Q = ρa ɛ 0 EA = ρea E = (ρ/ɛ 0 )e z
m(ẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee (2.118) e iωt P(ω) = χ(ω)e = ex = e2 E(ω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ (2.119) Z N ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.120)
2.6 2.6.1 mẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee 2.118) e iωt Pω) = χω)e = ex = e2 Eω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ 2.119) Z N ϵω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j 2.120) Z ω ω j γ j f j f j f j sum j f j = Z 2.120 ω ω j, γ ϵω) ϵ
1 (Berry,1975) 2-6 p (S πr 2 )p πr 2 p 2πRγ p p = 2γ R (2.5).1-1 : : : : ( ).2 α, β α, β () X S = X X α X β (.1) 1 2
2005 9/8-11 2 2.2 ( 2-5) γ ( ) γ cos θ 2πr πρhr 2 g h = 2γ cos θ ρgr (2.1) γ = ρgrh (2.2) 2 cos θ θ cos θ = 1 (2.2) γ = 1 ρgrh (2.) 2 2. p p ρgh p ( ) p p = p ρgh (2.) h p p = 2γ r 1 1 (Berry,1975) 2-6
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6 2 T γ T B (6.4) (6.1) [( d nm + 3 ] 2 nt B )a 3 + nt B da 3 = 0 (6.9) na 3 = T B V 3/2 = T B V γ 1 = const. or T B a 2 = const. (6.10) H 2 = 8π kc2
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1 6 6.1 (??) (P = ρ rad /3) ρ rad T 4 d(ρv ) + PdV = 0 (6.1) dρ rad ρ rad + 4 da a = 0 (6.2) dt T + da a = 0 T 1 a (6.3) ( ) n ρ m = n (m + 12 ) m v2 = n (m + 32 ) T, P = nt (6.4) (6.1) d [(nm + 32 ] )a
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微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. ttp://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/00571 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです. i ii 014 10 iii [note] 1 3 iv 4 5 3 6 4 x 0 sin x x 1 5 6 z = f(x, y) 1 y = f(x)
4. ϵ(ν, T ) = c 4 u(ν, T ) ϵ(ν, T ) T ν π4 Planck dx = 0 e x 1 15 U(T ) x 3 U(T ) = σt 4 Stefan-Boltzmann σ 2π5 k 4 15c 2 h 3 = W m 2 K 4 5.
A 1. Boltzmann Planck u(ν, T )dν = 8πh ν 3 c 3 kt 1 dν h 6.63 10 34 J s Planck k 1.38 10 23 J K 1 Boltzmann u(ν, T ) T ν e hν c = 3 10 8 m s 1 2. Planck λ = c/ν Rayleigh-Jeans u(ν, T )dν = 8πν2 kt dν c
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(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x
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Compton Scattering Beaming exp [i k x ωt] k λ k π/λ ω πν k ω/c k x ωt ω k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag + ++ x β ct, x O O x O O v k α k α β, γ k γ k βk, k γ k + βk k γ k k, k γ k + βk 3 k k 4 k 3 k
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医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/009192 このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです. i 2 t 1. 2. 3 2 3. 6 4. 7 5. n 2 ν 6. 2 7. 2003 ii 2 2013 10 iii 1987
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