JILPT Discussion Paper 05-013 2005 7
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Schaie, 1980-4 -
- 5-11 33 44 19 22 7 (1994) 20 30 2 3 4 5 5 20 (2002) DELL Dimemsin4500C CRT 1 1
- 6-1010 1 3 1 5 20 2 2 5 3 2 0.5 12 1 2 2 70 2 2 30 3 4 2 45 4 5 A,B, C,D,E 2 28 5 2 2 60
6 3 28 7 4 25 8 1 210 9 1 120 10 2 42 11 5 A,B, C,D,E 2 28 12 4 A,B,C,D 2 35 2 3 4 5 0 5 2 5 3.03 0.91 (N=37) 7 1 1..534**.726**.357*.197.216.293.291 2..166.280.683 ** -.014.204.680 **.348 *.195.316 *.366 *.298 *.088 7 12 3 6 2 12-7 -
2 Baddeleymultiple-component model(baddeley, 1986; Baddeley & Hitch, 1974) (central executive) (phonological loop) (visuo-spatial sketch pad) Baddeley - 8 -
1-9 -
5 24 29 19 22 1 57 100 5 339 1 1 8 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 2 3 4 4 2 4 2 ISI 0msec., 1000msec., 3000msec.3 2 4 96 2 4 192 17 TFT 12801024 (1994) 2 3 4 5 5 20 5 3 2 0.5 0 5 12-10 -
2. - 11 -
DELL Dimemsin4500C RST 0.5 2.5 3 5 13 16 2 ISI 3 ISI F [1,26] =10.20, p<.005; F [2,52] =4.58, p<.05 RST F [1,26] =1.05, ns RST ISI3 F [2,52] =3.20, p<.05 4 ISI 4 ISI F [3,81] =35.72, p<.001; F [2,54] =6.42, p<.005 RST F [1,27] =2.29, ns RST RSTISI F [3,81] =0.43, ns; F [2,54] =0.04, ns RST ISI3 F [6,162] =0.44, ns 3.2 (msec.) ISI 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 860 892 899 970 939 990 966 945 966 964 991 1009 4.4 (msec.) 1 2 3 4 ISI 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 1012 1051 1085 1020 1043 1060 1095 1136 1145 1148 1175 1158 1111 1134 1143 1113 1151 1180 1189 1200 1237 1236 1274 1265 25 26 13 15 2 ISI 5 ISI - 12 -
F [1,25] =19.71, p<.001; F [2,50] =7.38, p<.005 F [1,25] =0.09, ns ISI F [1,25] =1.20, ns; F [2,50] =1.01, ns 4 ISI 6 ISI F [3,78] =33.87, p<.001; F [2,52] =5.84, p<.01 F [1,26] =0.74, ns ISI F [3,78] =0.32, ns; F [2,52] =2.98, ns 5.2 (msec.) ISI 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 917 955 941 1018 1003 1039 921 930 958 960 983 1016 6.4 (msec.) 1 2 3 4 ISI 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 0 1000 3000 1104 1151 1105 1131 1138 1144 1176 1202 1223 1248 1248 1234 1039 1054 1130 1022 1065 1111 1124 1146 1177 1153 1220 1198 7 7 7. 8..50**.25.66***.20.25.21.04.12.63 ***.16.29.24.32.57 **.04.02 -.03.19.35-13 -
- 14-7 12 3 6 2 8 2 RST ISI3 4 2 4 ISI (1994) 1
2 1 2 (RST) Daneman & Carpenter(1980) (1994) Daneman, 1994 Daneman & Carpenter(1980) (1994) (1994) - 15 -
- 16-2 4 2 2 4 2 (1994) Shah & Miyake(1996) (2000)
Daneman & Carpenter(1980) Engle, Kane, & Tuholski(1999)Engle, Tuholski et al. (1999) 1001 20 8 40 11 110 0.5 4 110 4 110 8 40-17 -
Engle(1999) 9, 1987 3 Watts & Everitt(1980) 3 (1992) 3 (1993) 3-18 -
9. (N=2,050).774.698.534.499.583.522.582.315.343.332.427.360.332.491.526.169.221.179.311.127.269 1 67 (2003) 2 68 (2004) - 19 -
Baddeley, A. D. 1986 Working memory. New York: Oxford University Press. Baddeley, A. D. and Hitch, G. J. 1974 Working memory. in G. H. Bower(Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation. Vol. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp.47-90. Daneman, M., and Carpenter, P. A. 1980 Individual differences in working memory and reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19, 450-466. Engle, R. W., Kane, M. J., and Tuholski, S. W.1999 Individual differences in working memory capacity and what they tell us about controlled attention, general fluid intelligence, and function of the prefrontal cortex. in Miyake, A. and Shah, P. (Eds.) Models of working memory: mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control., Cambridge University Press., pp102-134. Engle, R. W., Tuholski, S. W., Laughlin, J. E. and Conway, A. R. A.1999Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent-variable approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 309-331. 1992 (GATB) 34, 216. 2004 68, 729. 1993 (2) 35, 514. 2003 67, 1270. 2002 1994, 65, 339-345. 1987 2000,43, 387-410. Schaie, K. W. 1980 Intelligence and problem solving. in J. E. Birren and R. Sloane (Eds.) Handbook of aging and mental health, Prentice-Hall., pp262-284. Shah, P. and Miyake, A. 1996 The reparability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: An individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125, 4-27. Watts, F. N. and Everitt, B. S. 1980 The factorial structure of the General Aptitude Test Battery. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36, 763-767. - 20 -