pp d 2 * Hz Hz 3 10 db Wind-induced noise, Noise reduction, Microphone array, Beamforming 1
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- ゆきひら つねざき
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1 pp d 2 * Hz Hz 3 10 db Wind-induced noise, Noise reduction, Microphone array, Beamforming PSS [1] [2 4] 2 Wind-induced noise reduction using a small twochannel microphone array, by Naoto Sakata, Tetsuro Murakami, Hirofumi Nakajima and Kazuhiro Nakadai Naoto Sakata@clarion. co.jp SN 1.2 [5] [6] 2 Crosswind Downwind 1 exp( 7x) exp( 3.2x) x λ d x = d/λ λ = v/f v m/s f [7] [2] 2 [3] 3 [4] [2 4]
2 cm Crosswind Downwind d mm v m/s IC khz 30 s 3 TCM (a) 4mm AV-LEADER TCM-370 2(b) L R L R AV-LEADER TCM NEOVE FTS30-T12 IC TASCAM DR-05 CELESTRON CE γ(a l (ω),b l (ω)) γ(a l (ω),b l (ω))= A l (ω)b l(ω) A l (ω) 2 B l (ω) 2 (1) A l (ω) B l (ω) ω l = 1, 2,...,L A l (ω) A l (ω) l = L l=1 A l(ω)/la l (ω) A l (ω) γ c (ω) γ c (ω) =γ(x 1,l (ω),x 2,l (ω)) (2) X 1,l (ω) X 2,l (ω) 1, 2
3 L 2 R X 1,l (ω) X 1,l (ω) = N 1 n=0 x 1 (n + Sl)w(n)e jωn/f s (3) j w(n) x 1 (n) 1 n N FFT S f s X 2,l (ω) x 2 (n) N =2 12 S = N/2 w(n) γ a (ω) γ a (ω) =γ(g( X 1,l (ω) ),G( X 2,l (ω) )) (4) G(A s,l (ω)) A s,l (ω) l 0 G(A s,l (ω)) = A s,l (ω) A s,l (ω) s γ p (ω) γ p (ω) =γ(g( X 1,l (ω) 2 ),G( X 2,l (ω) 2 )) (5) v =2.2m/s Downwind d =10mm 3 γ c (ω) 125 Hz Hz PSS 1 8kHz 6 v =2.2m/s Downwind 10 mm v =2.2m/s d =10mm Downwind [6] 8 d =10mm Downwind
4 n h(n) q(n) k(n) (6) 9 Y (ω) =X(ω)H(ω)+Q(ω)K(ω) (7) 1 4kHz v =1.1m/s 9 v =2.2m/s d =10mm Downwind Hz 50 Hz Hz x(n) y(n) y(n) =x(n) h(n)+q(n) k(n) (6) (6) (7) 4.2 L R l(n) r(n) l m (n) r m (n) l m (n) r m (n) w(n) FFT L m (ω) R m (ω) L m (ω) L m (ω) = FFT{l m (n)w(n),n} (8) N FFT{x(n),N} x(n) N FFT R m (ω) L m (ω) L m (ω) R m (ω) G L (ω) G R (ω) Z m (ω) Z m (ω) =G L (ω)l m (ω)+g R (ω)r m (ω) (9) G L (ω) G R (ω) G L (ω) G R (ω) IFFT G L (ω) G R (ω) g L (ω) g R (ω) g L (n) = IFFT {G L (ω),n} (10) g R (n) = IFFT {G R (ω),n} (11) IFFT {X(ω),N} X(ω) N g L (n) g R (n) l(n) r(n) z(n) =g L (n) l(n)+g R (n) r(n) (12)
5 2 743 z(n) 12 G L (ω) =1 G R (ω) LS-BF SS-BF LS-BF G L (ω) =1 0 G R (ω) L m (ω) R m (ω) L(ω) R(ω) (7) L(ω) =Q(ω)K L (ω) (13) R(ω) =Q(ω)K R (ω) (14) K L (ω) K R (ω) L R (9) (13) (14) Z(ω) Z(ω) =1 Q(ω)K L (ω)+g R (ω)q(ω)k R (ω) (15) Z(ω) =0 G R (ω) G R (ω) G R (ω) = K L(ω) (16) K R (ω) 4.4 SS-BF L R K L (ω) K R (ω) H L (ω) H R (ω) L(ω) R(ω) L(ω) R(ω) (7) L(ω) =X(ω)H L (ω)+q(ω)k L (ω) (17) R(ω) =X(ω)H R (ω)+q(ω)k R (ω) (18) (9) Z(ω) Z(ω) = X(ω)(G L (ω)h L (ω)+g R (ω)h R (ω)) +Q(ω)(G L (ω)k L (ω)+g R (ω)k R (ω)) (19) L X(ω)H L (ω) R Q(ω)K R (ω) Z(ω) ( = X(ω)H L (ω) G L (ω)+g R (ω) H ) R(ω) H L (ω) ( +Q(ω)K R (ω) G L (ω) K ) L(ω) K R (ω) + G R(ω) (20) 0 G L (ω) G R (ω) (20) G L (ω) G R (ω) G L (ω)+g R (ω) H R(ω) H L (ω) = 1 (21) G L (ω) K L(ω) K R (ω) + G R(ω) = 0 (22) H R (ω)/h L (ω)=h LR (ω) K L (ω)/k R (ω)=k RL (ω) (21) (22) 1 G L (ω) = K RL (ω)h LR (ω) 1 K RL (ω) G R (ω) = K RL (ω)h LR (ω) 1 (23) (24) H LR (ω) L R K RL (ω) R L 4.5 LS-BF SS-BF PSS [1] SN [8] D2 DAS-KJ191 AD/DA M-Audio Fast Track Pro PC Lenovo ThinkPad L BOSE 101-MM 12 YAMAHA MX-1 RWC [9] No khz
6 K RL (ω) =e jωt u (26) cm Downwind d mm v m/s 44.1 khz 10 s BOSE 101-MM H LR (ω) K RL(ω) H LR (ω) K RL(ω) H LR (ω) =e jωt s (25) t s L R t u R L t s 340 m/s d t u 2 φ(ω) φ(ω) φ(ω) =unwrap{arg {γ c (ω)}} (27) arg{} unwrap{} ˆτ J(τ) τ J(τ) τ φ(ω) ( ωτ) 2 ˆτ J(τ) P J(τ) = φ(ω p ) ( ω p τ) 2 (28) p=1 ω p p P φ(ω) ( ωτ) φ(ω) ( ωτ) ˆτ ˆτ = ω + φ (29) ω 0 ω P φ ω (φ = φ(ω)) ω + ω L R H LR (ω) TSP Time-Stretched Pulse TSP 10 H L (ω) H R (ω) TSP H L (ω) H R (ω) H LR (ω) H R (ω)h L (ω) H LR (ω) = H L (ω) 2 +max ( H L (ω) 2) r h (30) r h
7 K RL (ω) R L L m (ω) R m (ω) L m (ω) R m (ω) ω L ω R ω ω R L K RL (ω) L ω L ω = K RL (ω)r ω (31) R ω R + ω K RL (ω) K RL (ω) =R + ω L ω (32) K RL (ω) K RL (ω)r m (ω) L m (ω) (23) (24) SS-BF K RL (ω α )H LR (ω α )=1 ω = ω α SS-BF d(ω) G L (ω) = d(ω) 2 +max ( d(ω) 2) (33) r g G R (ω) = K RL (ω)d(ω) d(ω) 2 +max ( d(ω) 2) r g (34) r g d(ω) d(ω) =H LR (ω)k RL (ω) 1 (35) SN x(n) P x (ω) x(n) x m (n) (8) X m (ω) P x (ω) = 1 M X m (ω) 2 (36) M m=1 M f 1 f 2 SN f 1 f 2 ω p p 1 p 2 ω p1 =2πf 1 ω p2 =2πf 2 SNR(p 1,p 2 ) =10log 10 ( p2 p=p 1 P s (ω p ) p2 p=p 1 {P s+n (ω p ) P s (ω p )} ) (37) P s (ω) P s+n (ω) 37 p2 p=p 1 {P s+n (ω p ) P s (ω p )} 0 SNR(p 1,p 2 )=0 [8] κ ratio κ ori κ proc κ κ = M P Cmp 4 m=1 p=1 MP ( M P Cmp 2 m=1 p=1 MP ) 2 (38) C mp m p M P (8) 2 (38) κ ori κ proc κ ratio κ ratio = κ proc κ ori (39) κ ratio κ ori κ proc m/s 2,048 1,024 FFT PSS r h =10 4 r g =10 2 Downwind t s =0 t u = Crosswind t s = t u =0 SN 0 22,050 Hz
8 Hz ,000 Hz 3 PSS 20 PSS Cr Crosswind Original L PSS 500 Hz 8dB 1,000 Hz Original PSS LS-BF Original SS-BF 500 Hz 15 db 1,000 8,000 Hz 14 Dw Downwind PSS Cr LS-BF SS-BF 50 1,000 Hz Original 5dB 3 SN SN LS-BF SS-BF PSS SN LS-BF SN SS-BF Cr 13 db SN PSS Hz 6dB Cr SS-BF SN PSS 6dB Cr Dw 3 SN LS-BF SS-BF PSS Cr 0 22,050 Hz 2.7 db 12.9 db 6.4 db Cr Hz 2.8 db 13.3 db 6.5 db Cr ,000 Hz 2.5 db 3.3 db 1.8 db Dw 0 22,050 Hz 0.8 db 1.6 db 7.7 db Dw Hz 0.8 db 1.5 db 7.8 db Dw ,000 Hz 1.8 db 1.1 db 1.8 db 15 Cr Cr 250 1,000 Hz LS-BF SS-BF LS-BF 125 Hz 5dB 2,000 4,000 Hz 10 db SS-BF 250 Hz 3dB 16 Dw
9 LS-BF SS-BF PSS Cr Cr Dw Dw Dw 4 SN LS-BF SS-BF PSS Cr 0 22,050 Hz 2.9 db 2.3 db 6.4 db Cr Hz 3.1 db 2.2 db 6.5 db Cr ,000 Hz 0.3 db 0.2 db 1.8 db Dw 0 22,050 Hz 2.2 db 1.0 db 7.7 db Dw Hz 2.3 db 1.1 db 7.8 db Dw ,000 Hz 0.4 db 1.4 db 1.8 db 17 LS-BF 250 1,000 Hz Cr 125 Hz 5dB 2,000 4,000 Hz 10 db SS-BF 62.5 Hz 3dB Hz 3dB 4 SN 0 22,050 Hz Hz Cr Dw LS-BF 3dB SS-BF SN 2dB ,000 Hz SN Dw LS-BF SN ,000 Hz SS-BF 0 22,050 Hz Hz SS-BF SN 2dB ,000 Hz SS-BF SN 1.5 db PSS LS-BF SS-BF 5 PSS Cr 2.09 Dw 4.38 LS-BF SS-BF Cr Dw PSS LS-BF SS-BF PSS Dw v =2.6m/s SN 30 db PSS 19 SS-BF 17 PSS SS-BF 1.06 PSS 3.47 SS-BF
![748 72 12 2016 18 PSS [ 5 ] R. Raspet, J. Webster and K. Dillion, Framework for wind noise studies, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 119, 834 843 (2006).](/docs-images/99/140350488/images/10-0.jpg "[ 6 ] F. Shields, Low-frequency wind noise correlation in microphone arrays, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 117, 3489 3496 (2005). [ 7 ] D.")
![Herman, Wind noise rejection apparatus, U. S. Patent, US 8,391,529 B2 (2013). [ 8 ] Y. Uemura, Y. Takahashi, H. Saruwatari, K. Shikano and K.](/docs-images/99/140350488/images/10-2.jpg "Kondo, Automatic optimization scheme of spectral subtraction based on musical noise assessment via higher-order statistics, Proc. Int.")
![Workshop Acoustic Echo and Noise Control (2008). [ 9 ] M. Goto, H. Hashiguchi, T. Nishimura and R.](/docs-images/99/140350488/images/10-3.jpg "Oka, RWC music database: Popular, classical, and jazz music databases, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR 2002 ), pp.")
![287 288 (2002). 2014 2016 19 SS-BF 5. 2 125 Hz 0.3 0.8 2 125 Hz 3 10 db PSS [ 1 ] S. F.](/docs-images/99/140350488/images/10-4.jpg "Boll, Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process., 27, 113 120 (1979). [ 2 ] M.")
![Yoshida and T. Oku, Wind noise reduction device, U. S. Patent, US 8,428,275 B2 (2013). [ 3 ] Y.](/docs-images/99/140350488/images/10-5.jpg "Chung, Rejection of flow noise using a coherence function method, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 62, 388 395 (1977). [ 4 ] K. Kumatani, B. Raj, R.")
10 PSS [ 5 ] R. Raspet, J. Webster and K. Dillion, Framework for wind noise studies, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 119, (2006). [ 6 ] F. Shields, Low-frequency wind noise correlation in microphone arrays, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 117, (2005). [ 7 ] D. Herman, Wind noise rejection apparatus, U. S. Patent, US 8,391,529 B2 (2013). [ 8 ] Y. Uemura, Y. Takahashi, H. Saruwatari, K. Shikano and K. Kondo, Automatic optimization scheme of spectral subtraction based on musical noise assessment via higher-order statistics, Proc. Int. Workshop Acoustic Echo and Noise Control (2008). [ 9 ] M. Goto, H. Hashiguchi, T. Nishimura and R. Oka, RWC music database: Popular, classical, and jazz music databases, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR 2002 ), pp (2002) SS-BF Hz Hz 3 10 db PSS [ 1 ] S. F. Boll, Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process., 27, (1979). [ 2 ] M. Yoshida and T. Oku, Wind noise reduction device, U. S. Patent, US 8,428,275 B2 (2013). [ 3 ] Y. Chung, Rejection of flow noise using a coherence function method, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 62, (1977). [ 4 ] K. Kumatani, B. Raj, R. Singh and J. McDonough, Microphone array post-filter based on spatially-correlated noise, Proc. Interspeech 2012 (2012) NTT NTT JST ERATO IEEE
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5 Time Time Level Level Frequency Frequency Fig. 5.1: [1] 2004. [2] P. A. Nelson, S. J. Elliott, Active Noise Control, Academic Press, 1992. [3] M. R. Schroeder, Integrated-impulse method measuring sound
TSP信号を用いた音響系評価の研究
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H(ω) = ( G H (ω)g(ω) ) 1 G H (ω) (6) 2 H 11 (ω) H 1N (ω) H(ω)= (2) H M1 (ω) H MN (ω) [ X(ω)= X 1 (ω) X 2 (ω) X N (ω) ] T (3)
![H(ω) = ( G H (ω)g(ω) ) 1 G H (ω) (6) 2 H 11 (ω) H 1N (ω) H(ω)= (2) H M1 (ω) H MN (ω) [ X(ω)= X 1 (ω) X 2 (ω) X N (ω) ] T (3)](/thumbs/92/108069141.jpg "H(ω) = ( G H (ω)g(ω) ) 1 G H (ω) (6) 2 H 11 (ω) H 1N (ω) H(ω)= (2) H M1 (ω) H MN (ω) [ X(ω)= X 1 (ω) X 2 (ω) X N (ω) ] T (3)")
72 12 2016 pp. 777 782 777 * 43.60.Pt; 43.38.Md; 43.60.Sx 1. 1 2 [1 8] Flexible acoustic interface based on 3D sound reproduction. Yosuke Tatekura (Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, 432 8561) 2. 2.1 3 M
IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-MUS-104 No /8/27 F0 1,a) 1,b) 1,c) 2,d) (F0) F0 F0 Graphical User Interface (GUI) F0 1. [1] CD MIDI [2] [3,
![IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-MUS-104 No /8/27 F0 1,a) 1,b) 1,c) 2,d) (F0) F0 F0 Graphical User Interface (GUI) F0 1. [1] CD MIDI [2] [3,](/thumbs/95/124014679.jpg "IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-MUS-104 No /8/27 F0 1,a) 1,b) 1,c) 2,d) (F0) F0 F0 Graphical User Interface (GUI) F0 1. [1] CD MIDI [2] [3,")
F,a),b),c) 2,d) (F) F F Graphical User Interface (GUI) F. [] CD MIDI [2] [3, 4] [5] 2 a) ikemiya@kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp b) itoyama@kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp c) yoshii@kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp d) okuno@aoni.waseda.jp TANDEM-STRAIGHT
IPSJ SIG Technical Report 1, Instrument Separation in Reverberant Environments Using Crystal Microphone Arrays Nobutaka ITO, 1, 2 Yu KITANO, 1
1, 2 1 1 1 Instrument Separation in Reverberant Environments Using Crystal Microphone Arrays Nobutaka ITO, 1, 2 Yu KITANO, 1 Nobutaka ONO 1 and Shigeki SAGAYAMA 1 This paper deals with instrument separation
2 DS SS (SS+DS) Fig. 2 Separation algorithm for motorcycle sound by combining DS and SS (SS+DS). 3. [3] DS SS 2 SS+DS 1 1 B SS SS 4. NMF 4. 1 (NMF) Y
![2 DS SS (SS+DS) Fig. 2 Separation algorithm for motorcycle sound by combining DS and SS (SS+DS). 3. [3] DS SS 2 SS+DS 1 1 B SS SS 4. NMF 4. 1 (NMF) Y](/thumbs/49/25425602.jpg "2 DS SS (SS+DS) Fig. 2 Separation algorithm for motorcycle sound by combining DS and SS (SS+DS). 3. [3] DS SS 2 SS+DS 1 1 B SS SS 4. NMF 4. 1 (NMF) Y")
a) Separation of Motorcycle Sound by Near Field Microphone Array and Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Chisaki YOSHINAGA, Nonmember, Yosuke TATEKURA a), Member, Kazuaki HAMADA, and Tetsuya KIMURA, Nonmembers
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Vol.29-MUS-81 No.2 29/7/29 1 2 1 ground-truth RWC 22 16 Method for Calculating the Subjective-based Music Similarity Measure Yusuke Hiraga, 1 Yasunori Ohishi 2 and Kazuya Takeda 1 In this paper, we propose
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1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π
![1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π](/thumbs/101/149329485.jpg "1. 4cm 16 cm 4cm 20cm 18 cm L λ(x)=ax [kg/m] A x 4cm A 4cm 12 cm h h Y 0 a G 0.38h a b x r(x) x y = 1 h 0.38h G b h X x r(x) 1 S(x) = πr(x) 2 a,b, h,π")
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476 67 10 2011 pp. 476 481 * 43.72.+q 1. MOS Mean Opinion Score ITU-T P.835 [1] [2] [3] Subjective and objective quality evaluation of noisereduced speech. Takeshi Yamada, Shoji Makino and Nobuhiko Kitawaki
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