Title 新国際学校における英語圏からの帰国生徒のライティング力保持に関する一考察 Author(s) 田浦, 秀幸 Citation 母語継承語バイリンガル教育 (MHB) 研究. 8 P.1-P.15 Issue Date Text Version publisher

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1 Title 新国際学校における英語圏からの帰国生徒のライティング力保持に関する一考察 Author(s) 田浦, 秀幸 Citation 母語継承語バイリンガル教育 (MHB) 研究. 8 P.1-P.15 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL DOI Rights Osaka University

2 On L2 Writing Maintenance in Japanese Returnee High School Students at Senri International School TAURA, Hideyuki Abstract This study explores whether or not Japanese returnee students (N=108, ages from 12 to 18) from English-speaking countries retain or improve their English writing proficiency (Academic Language Proficiency, ALP) at Senri International School in Japan

3 where the school medium language is Japanese but provides ample opportunities to use English both in and out of class. As a tool to assess students' writing abilities, a writing test, TOWL-3 (Hammill and Larsen, 1996), is used to tap into three aspects of writing - contextual conventions (CC), contextual language (CL), and story construction (StC). The results reveal (1) that all of the target students retain their writing proficiency as compared to average NS scores or above NS levels, (2) that their English proficiency level prior to re-entry into Japan is a strong predictor of language maintenance, (3) that high retention is observed in the order of CC, CL, and StC, and (4) that ninth grade marks the time when returnees begin to find it not so easy as before to keep up their English writing skills. Overall, the findings support that two-language development is possible as long as one language reaches the NS level and returnees are exposed to both languages.

14 Bylund, J. (2011) Thought and Second Language: A Vygotskian Framework for Understanding BICS and CALP. NASP Communique online, 39, 5, January/February Carson, J.E. and Kuehn, P.A. (1992) Evidence of Transfer and Loss in Developing Second Language Writers. Language Learning, 42, 2, Cohen, A.D. (1989) Attrition in the Productive Lexicon of Two Portuguese

15 Third Language Speakers. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 11, 2, pp Cummins, J. (1979) Cognitive/academic language proficiency, linguistic interdependence, the optimum age question and some other matters. Working Papers on Bilingualism, 19, pp Cummins, J. (2001) Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society. Ontario, CA: California Association of Bilingual Education. Cummins, J. (2008) BICS and CALP: Empirical and Theoretical Status of the Distinction, In Street, B. & Hornberger, N. H. (Eds.). (2008). Encyclopedia of Language and Education, 2nd Edition, Volume 2: Literacy. (pp ). New York: Springer Science. Cummins, J. (2009) Fundamental psychological and sociological principles underlying educational success for linguistic minority students. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas, R. Phillipson, A. K. Mohanty & M. Panda (Eds.). Social justice through multilingual education. (pp ). Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Hakansson, G. (1995) Syntax and morphology in language attrition: a study of five bilingual expatriate Swedes. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5, 2, pp Hammill, D.D. and Larsen, S.C. (1996) Test of Written Language (3rd edition). Austin, Texas: pro-ed. Harley, B., Allen, P., Cummins, J., and Swain, M. (eds.) (1990) The Development of Second Language Proficiency. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kirshner, C. (1996) Language attrition and the Spanish-English bilingual: A case of syntactic reduction. Bilingual Review, 21, 2, pp Kuhberg, H. (1992) Longitudinal L2-attrition versus L2-acquisition, in three Turkish children-empirical findings. Second Language Research, 8, 2, pp er, J. (1979) Language tests at school: A pragmatic approach. London: Longman. Olshtain, E. (1989) Is Second Language Attrition the Reversal of Second Language Acquisition? Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 11, 2, pp Polio, C.G. (1997) Measures of Linguistic Accuracy in Second Language Writing Research. Language Learning, 47, 1, pp Taura, H. (2008) Language attrition and retention in Japanese returnee

16 students. Tokyo: Akashi Shoten. Thomas, W. P., & Collier, V. P. (2002) A national study of school effectiveness for language minority students' long-term academic achievement: Executive summary. Santa Cruz, CA: Center for Research on Education, Diversity, and Excellence. Retrieved from education/mmr/collierthomasexreport.pdf. On Feb 6, Valdes, G. (2004) Between support and marginalization: The development of academic language in linguistic minority children. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 7, pp Vygotsky, L.S. (1986) Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (original work published in 1934). Wiley, T.G. (1996) Literacy and language diversity in the United States. Washinton, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems. Wolfe-Quintero, K., Inagaki, S., and Kim, H. (1998) Second Language Development in Writing: Measures of Fluency, Accuracy, and Complexity. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.

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% 95% 2002, 2004, Dunkel 1986, p.100 1 Blended Learning 要旨 / Moodle Blended Learning Moodle キーワード:Blended Learning Moodle 1 2008 Moodle e Blended Learning 2009.. 1994 2005 1 2 93% 95% 2002, 2004, 2011 2011 1 Dunkel 1986, p.100 1 Blended Learning

Title 新国際学校における英語圏からの帰国生徒のライティング力保持に関する一考察 Author(s) 田浦, 秀幸 Citation 母語 継承語 バイリンガル教育 (MHB) 研究. 8 P.1-P.15 Issue Date Text Version publisher

Title 新国際学校における英語圏からの帰国生徒のライティング力保持に関する一考察 Author(s) 田浦, 秀幸 Citation 母語継承語バイリンガル教育 (MHB) 研究. 8 P.1-P.15 Issue Date Text Version publisher