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1 Resource Based V iew Barney, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001; Castanias & Helfat, 1991; Hall, 1992; Mahoney & Pandian, 1992; Amit & Schoemaker, 1993; Peteraf, 1993; Black & Boal, 1994; Collis, 1994; Schendel, 1994; Montgomery, 1995; Foss & Knudesn, 1996; Heene & Sanchez, 1997 Resource Based V iew RBV Snow & Hrebiniak, 1980; Wernerfelt, 1984; Hitt & Ireland, 1985; resource competence Chiristensen (1996) Competence Based V iew RBV

2 Granstrand, Patel & Pavitt, 1997; Oliver, 1997; Teece & Pisano & Shuen, 1997; Cockburn, Henderson & Stern, 2000 RBV SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats) SW Strength Weakness RBV RBV RBV RBV RBV Selznick RBV RBV Selznick 1957 Snow & Hrebiniak, 1980; Conner, 1991; Mahoney & Pandian, 1992; Foss & Knudesn, 1996 Selznick Leadership in administration. distinctive competence Hofer & Schendel

3 Selznick, Selznick character Selznick, RBV Barney, Selznick routine Selznick, TVA Tennessee V alley Authority Selznick, institutionalism Selznick Powell & DiMaggio, 1991; Scott, 1995; Scott & Christensen, 1995

4 Powell & DiMaggio, 1991; Scott, 1995; Scott & Christensen, 1995 Oliver RBV Selznick Penrose RBV Selznick RBV KnudsenRBV Adam Smith Charles Babbage Selznick RBV Penrose Montgomery, 1995; Oliver, 1997; Teece & Pisano & Shuen, 1997 Penrose The theory of the growth of the firm RBV Penrose,

5 administrative organizationpenrose, Penrose discipline firm as a collection of productive resources Penrose, Penrose, Penrose, Penrose, Penrose RBV Penrose Penrose, RBV management team

6 Penrose Penrose, RBV SWOT OT strategic position SW RBV heterogeneitypenrose, RBV Barney, 1991; Mahoney & Pandian, 1992; Peteraf, 1993 organizational slack Penrose discrete Penrose

7 RBV Nelson & Winter RBV evolutionary theory Nelson & Winter Penrose orthodox RBV routine Nelson & Winter, Simon, Daft, Nelson & Winter, Nelson & Nelson & Winter

8 Winter, Nelson & Winter, operation characteristics capital stock Nelson & Winter Simon Selznick Nelson & Winter

9 skillnelson & Winter, tacit knowledge Nelson & Winter, organizational memory Nelson & Winter Penrose

10 Wernerfelt RBV Selznick, Penrose, Nelson & Winter RBV Wernerfelt RBV Schendel, 1994; Knudsen, 1996 SWOT Wernerfelt Penrose Wernerfelt, Wernerfelt, resource position barriers exploitation RBV

11 Wernerfelt Wernerfelt, Intel Microsoft availability of substitute resources first mover advantage Wernerfelt, Wernerfelt, Wernerfelt, Barney

12 Wernerfelt Wernerfelt Wernerfelt RBV RBV RBV RBV Wernerfelt 1984 Wernerfelt attractiveness RBV iii

13 RBV RBV Mahoney & Pandian, 1992; Amit & Shoemaker, 1993; Knudsen, 1996 SWOT

14 Lev RBV

15 RBV Barney RBV Wernerfelt RBV BarneyPeteraf, 1993; Schendel, 1994; Knudsen, 1996 homogeneousmobile Barney, Barney Barney, mobility

16 barriers immobile Barney Barney, valuable rare imperfectly imitable Barney, RBV immobile

17 Barney causal ambiguity social complexity Barney, Barney Barney Barney

18 Barney, Barney RBV RBV Rumelt RBV RumeltRBV Barney, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001; Castanias & Helfat, 1991; Amit & Schoemaker, 1993Rumelt Penrose, Nelson & W inter Rumelt, RBV Barney Rumelt RBV Rumelt exploited by organization Barney

19 Rumelt, RBV Rumelt isolating mechanism entry barrier Porter & Caves mobility barrier Rumelt, Barney Rumelt, Rumelt team- embedded skills Rumelt, RBV RBV

20 Chandler RBV Chandler RBV Strategy and structure Chandler, RBV RBV Scale and scope RBV organizational capabilities Scale, scope, and organizational capabilities Chandler Chandler, organized human capabilities Chandler

21 Chandler RBV 1990; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995; von Krogh, Ichijo & Nonaka, 2000RBV RBV Nonaka & Takeuchi, RBV RBV RBV RBV RBV RBV

22 RBV discipline RBV RBV Barney, ; RBV RBV RBV RBV Snow & Hrebiniak, 1980; Wernerfelt, 1984; Hitt & Ireland, 1985; Oliver, 1997; Teece & Pisano & Shuen, 1997 RBV

23 RBV Selznick Penrose, Nelson & W inter theory of the firm Nelson, 1991; Conner & Prahalad, 1996; Foss, Conner Conner, Penrose Nelson & Winter RBV Rumelt, 1984; Nelson, 1991 Conner nexus of contractsaoki, Gustafsson & Williamson, Penrose Nelson & Winter Coase

24 RBV Montgomery, Selznick, Penrose Nelson & Winter Selznick RBV Penrose Nelson & Winter RBV RBV RBV RBV RBV SWOT RBV

25 Wernerfelt, Barney Rumelt

26 RBV Kuhn Kuhn, RBV Priem & Butler RBV RBV Priem & ButlerRBV viewporter

27 IC V ol. 57 No. 3, Amit, R., & Schoemaker, P. J. H Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal, 14: Aoki, M., Gustafsson, B. & Williamson, O.E. (Eds.) Thefirmasanexusoftreaties. London: Sage. Barney, J. B Organizational culture: Can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage? Academy of Management Review, 11: Barney, J Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: Barney, J. B The resource- based theory of the firm. Organization Science, 7: 469. Barney, J. B Is the resource- based view a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. Academy of Management Review, 26: Barney, J. B Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice- Hall. Black, J. A., & Boal, K. B Strategic resources: Traits, configurations and paths to sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 15: Castanias, R. P., & Helfat, C. E Managerial resources and rents. Journal of Management, 17: Chandler, Jr., A. D Strategy and structure. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press. Chandler, Jr., A. D Scale and scope. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Christensen, J. F Analysing the technology base of the firm. In N. J. Foss & C. Knudsen (Eds.), T oward a competence theory of the firm: London: Routledge. Cockburn, I. M., Henderson, R. M., & Stern, S Untangling the origin of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 21: Collis, D. J Research note: How valuable are organizational capabilities? Strategic Management Journal, 15: Conner, K. R A historical comparison of resource- based theory and five schools of thought within industrial organizational economics: Do we have a new theory of the firm? Journal of Management, 17: Conner, K. R., & Prahalad, C. K A resource- based theory of the firm: Knowledge versus opportunism. Organization Science,7: Daft, R. L Organization theory and design (4th ed.). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing. Foss, N. J Knowledge- based approaches to the theory of the firm: Some critical comments. Organization Science,7: Foss, N. J., & Knudesn, C. (Eds.) Towards a competence theory of the firm. London: Routledge. Granstrand, O., Patel, P., & Pavitt, K Multi- technology corporations: Why they have

28 distributed rather than distinctive core competencies. California Management Review, 39(4): Hall, R The strategic analysis of intangible resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13: Heene, A., & Sanchez, R. (Eds.) Competence-based strategic management. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons. Hitt, M. A., & Ireland, R. D Corporate distinctive competence, strategy, industry and performance. Strategic Management Journal,6: Hofer, C. W., & Schendel, D Strategy formulation: Analytical concepts. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing. Itami, H., & Roehl, T. W Mobilizing invisible assets. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. King, A. W., Zeithaml, C. P Competencies and firm performance: Examining the causal ambiguity paradox. Strategic Management Journal, 22: Knudsen, C The competence perspective: A historical view. In N. J. Foss & C. Knudsen (Eds.), T oward a competence theory of the firm: London: Routledge. Kuhn, T.S The structure of scientific revolutions. The Chicago University Press. Lev, B Intangibles. Washington, D. C.: Brooking Institution Press. Mahoney, J. T., & Pandian, J. R The resource- based view within the conversation of strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 13: Montgomery, C. A. (Ed.) Resource-based and evolutionary theories of the firm. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Nelson, R. R. & Winter, S.G An evolutionary theory of economic change. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Nelson, R. R Why do firms differ, and how much does it matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12 (Special issue): Nonaka, I. & Takeuchi, H The knowledge-creating company. Oxford University Press. Oliver, C Sustainable competitive advantage: Combining institutional and resource- based views. Strategic Management Journal, 18: Penrose, E The theory of the growth of the firm (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Peteraf, M. A The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource- based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: Powell, W. W., & DiMaggio, P. J. (Eds.) The new institutionalism in organizational analysis. Chicago, Il: The University of Chicago Press. Priem, R. L., & Butler, J. E Is the resource- based view a useful perspective for strategic management research? Academy of Management Review, 26: Priem, R. L., & Butler, J. E Tautology in the resource- based view and the implications of externally determined resource value: Further comments. Academy of Management Review, 26: Rumelt, R.P Towards a strategic theory of the firm. In R. B. Lamb (Ed.), Competitive strategic management: Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice- Hall. Schendel, D Introduction to 'competitive organizational behavior: Toward an organizationally?

29 based theory of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 15: 1 4. Scott, W.R Institutions and organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Scott, W. R., & Christensen, S. (Eds.) The institutional construction of organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Selznick, P Leadership in administration.evanston,il:row,petersonandcompany. Simon, H. A Administrative behavior (3rd ed.). New York: Free Press. Simon, H.A The new science of management decision. (Revised ed.). Prentice- Hall. Snow, C. C., & Hrebiniak, L. G Strategy, distinctive competence, and organizational performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25: Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18: V on Krogh, G., Ichijo, K., & Nonaka, I Enabling knowledge creation. Oxford University Pres. Wernerfelt, B A resource- based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal,5:

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