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2 a (a1 30) 1 Gaia ( M2) assymmetric drift (MCMC) Oort-Lindblad Ogrodonikov-Mile Oort-Lindblad 30% Hipparcos 15 Gaia MCMC Gaia Oort-Lindblad Ogrodonikov-Mile 9.5km/s 17.5km/s 5.3km/s 1. Oort, 1927, Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands, 3, Ogrodnikov, 1932, Z. Astrophys. 4, Gaia Collaboration, Katz et al., 2018, arxiv, G 2 NGC891 ( M2) ( ) ( ) NGC891 inclination angle >89 (e.g. Xilouris et al.1998) 9.6Mpc(e.g. Strickland et al. 2004) optical luminosity non-interacting SA(s)b galaxy(de Vaucouleurs et al. 1976) our galaxy (Handa et al. 1994) 45m FOREST NGC CO 13 CO C 18 O 3 Bar Bar Junichi Baba (2015) our galaxy bared galaxy PV NGC891 PV Bar 12 CO/ 13 CO 12 CO/C 18 O 1. Sakamoto,ApJ,475,134(1997) 2. Handa,Sofue,Ikeuchi,Ishizuki,&Kawabe,ASPC H(1994) 3. Junichi Baba, MNRAS 454, (2015), 3 z 1.0 (2nd) ( M2) a b Ryden 2004 fitting (A B C) z 1.0 COSMOS 0.2 z 1.0, M V 20, M star > 10 9 M HST/ACS i ssfr > 10[yr 1 ] star-forming ssfr < 10[yr 1 ] passive 0.2 z < z 1.0 star-forming passive b/a

3 Ryden 2004 star-forming < B/A > < C/A > 0.30 passive < B/A > < C/A > star-forming passive M star M passive M M star < M < C/A > M M star < M < C/A > K 1. Padilla & Strauss, 2008, MNRAS, 388, Ryden 2004, ApJ, 601, Takeuchi et al. 2015, ApJ, 801, 2 4 NGC253 M1) ( ( 12 CO(J=1-0) 13 CO(J=1-0)) ( 12 C/ 13 C ) 12 C/ 13 C Langer & Penzias (1990) 12 C/ 13 C 24 5kpc 30 12kpc 70 NGC (Henkel et al. 2014) M (Mao et al. 2000) C/ 13 C 12 C/ 13 C 12 C/ 13 C 3.5Mpc( 1100 ) NGC CN(N=1-0) 13 CN(N=1-0) 12 C/ 13 C CN CO CO ALMA NGC kpc( ) 12 CN(N=1-0) 13 CN(N=1-0) 12 C/ 13 C NGC C/ 13 C 12 C/ 13 C 12 C/ 13 C 1. Langer & Penzias 1990, ApJ, 357, Henkel et al. 2014, A&A, 564, 3 3. Mao et al. 2000, A&A, 358, ( M1) ( ) ( ) (e.g., Momose et al. 2010) Sorai et al. (2012) 12 C 16 O(J = 1 0) 13 C 16 O(J = 1 0) 12 C 18 O(J = 1 0) 3 COMING JCMT 12 C 16 O(J = 3 2) NGC 3627 NGC C 16 O(J = 1 0) 13 C 16 O(J = 1 0) 12 C 16 O(J = 3 2) 3 RADEX (Van der Tak et al. 2007) NGC % NGC % 2

4 1. Momose, R., et al. 2010, ApJ, 721, Sorai, K., et al. 2012, PASJ, 64, Van der Tak, F. F. S., et al. 2007, A&A, 468, ( M1) 1 bar arm bar Star Formation Efficiency; SFE arm e.g. Momose et al SFE Star Formation Rate; SFR bar arm e.g. Maeda et al. 2018, Fujimoto et al bar SFE H 2 SFR bar SFE arm bar arm 1. Momose et al., 2010, ApJ, 721, Maeda et al., 2018, PASJ 3. Fujimoto et al., 2014, MNRAS, 445, L65 7 M2) ( ( ),., Kennicutt-Schmidt Schmidt 1959, Kennicutt 1998,, K-S. K-S,. K-S (, K-S ) (e.g. Bigiel et al., 2008). 100 pc, K-S, K-S., K-S,. K-S,,.,, K-S., 45m, K-S. K-S, K-S., 100 (NRO 45m, COMING ), HI (VLA), (GALEX, WISE), 1 kpc K-S., K-S.,, K-S., K-S. 1. Schmidt, Maarten, Astrophysical Journal, 129, 243 (1959) 2. Kennicutt, Jr., Robert C., Astrophysical Journal, 498, 541 (1998) 3. F. Bigiel at al., The Astronomical Journal, 136, 2846 (2008) 3

5 8 CO-H 2 X CO ( M2) H 2 H 2 H 2 H 2 CO H 2 CO H 2 CO-H 2 X CO X CO CO H 2 X CO X CO X CO X CO 45m CO COMING 12 CO(J=1-0) X CO X CO (GMC) CO X CO COMING GMC kpc X CO HI 12 CO(J=1-0) - Herschel SED fitting HI VLA X CO 1. Leroy, A. K., et al., The Astrophysical Journal, (2011). 2. Sandstrom, K. M., et al., The Astrophysical Journal, (2013). 3. Casey, Caitlin M., MNRAS, 425(4), (2012). 9 CO-H 2 ( M1) H 2 (Schmidt- Kennicutt ) Leroy et al. (2006) IC 10 ( ) CO H 2 CO-H 2 (X CO ) IC 10 X CO (e.g. Arimoto et al. 1996) X CO 45-m COMING(CO Multi-line Imaging of Nearby Galaxies) 140 CO COMING 12 CO(J = 1 0) X CO X CO Schmidt- Kennicutt 1. Arimoto et al. 1996, PASJ, 48, Leroy et al. 2006, ApJ, 643, COSMOS ( M2) COSMOS z = , M V < 20(mag) ( [1]) 3400, 4200, 5200 Å 2 O, B 2 1 / 2 z = ( [2],[3]) 4

6 / O, B 1. Ilbert et al. 2009, ApJ, 690, Abraham et al. 1996, ApJ, 107, 1 3. Conselice et al. 2003, ApJS, 147, SDSS ( D2) (SF R) (M ) (Σ SF R ) (e.g., Chisholm et al. 2015) Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) 10 SF R M u-band (r u ) 150 NaID NaID v v Σ SF R log(σ SF R [M yr 1 kpc 2 ]) > 1.75 v > 0 v log(σ SF R [M yr 1 kpc 2 ]) > 1.75 log(σ SF R [M yr 1 kpc 2 ]) > 1 (Heckman et al. 2002) 5 (Rubin et al. 2014) Σ SF R v v 10 α SF R β M γ r δ u v SF R 0.3 M 0.5 r 0.6 u 1. Chisholm et al. 2015, ApJ, 811, Heckman 2002, ASP Conf. Ser., 254, Rubin et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, X Seyfart 1 IC 4329A ( M1) (SuperMassive Black Hole: SMBH) SMBH (e.g., Magorrianet al. 1998) SMBH SMBH (Active Galactic Nucleus: AGN) AGN SMBH AGN SMBH ( ) ( ) (Nenkova et al. 2008) X X X (Tanimoto et al. in prep.) Seyfart 1 IC 4329A (Ichikawa et al. 2015) X X 8 AGN 1. Magorrian, J., Tremaine, S., Richstone, D., et al. 1998, Aj, 115, Nenkova et al. 2008, Apj, 685, 147 5

7 3. Ichikawa, K., Packham, C., Ramos Almeida, C., et al. 2015, Apj, 803, ( M2) (Supermassive Black Hole; SMBH) SMBH SMBH SMBH SMBH (Narrow-line Seyfert 1; NLS1) SMBH ( M ) NLS1 X NLS1 NLS1 FWHM(Hβ) < 2000 km s 1 NLS1 NLS1 (1) X (2 ) (2) X ( kev) (3 ) Suzaku kev X NLS1 (i) (ii) X NLS1 (i), (ii) (iii) (iii) N H = cm 2 1. Leighly, K. M. 1999, ApJS, 125, Parisi, P., Masetti, N., Rojas, A. F., et al. 2014, A&A, 561, A67 3. Véron-Cetty, M.-P., Véron, P., & Gonçalves, A. 2001, A&A, 372, NGC 5135 X ( M2) L IR [ µm] > L Active Galactic Nucleus; AGN e.g., Kormendy & Ho 2013 AGN X > 10 kev X NuSTAR AGN NGC 5135 Compton-thick > cm 2 AGN X NuSTAR X Chandra Suzaku X kev Tanimoto et al. in prep. AGN X 1. Kormendy, J., & Ho, L. C. 2013, ARAA, 51, Hyper Suprime-Cam ( D1) Dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs: Dey et al. 2008) 1000 (active galactic nuclei; AGN) (Hopkins et al. 2008) DOGs AGN Hyper Suprime-Cam DOGs DOGs SED 427 6

8 DOGs DOGs AGN DOGs SED DOGs Hopkins et al. (2008) DOGs (Blue-excess DOGs; BluDOGs: Noboriguchi et al. 2018) AGN 1. Dey et al. 2008, ApJ, 677, Hopkins et al. 2008, ApJS, 175, Noboriguchi et al. 2018, ArXiv e-prints, arxiv: M 83 ( M1),..,.,., (Egusa et al. 2011, Hirota et al. 2011,), NGC CO (1-0), C 18 O(1-0), CS(2-1), CH 3 OH(2-1) 4 ( 100 pc) (Tosaki et al. 2017). M 83, ( 40 pc),alma 13 CO (1-0), C 18 O(1-0), CS(2-1), CH 3 OH(2-1) 4.,4,,,,.,.,, NGC 1068 ( 100 pc),m83 ( 40 pc).,. 1. Egusa et al Apj, 726, Hirota et al. 2011, ApJ, 737, Tosaki et al PASJ, ( M1).,,., ΛCDM, 8h 1 Mpc, h 1 M N, Particle Tagging,.,.,,., 30kpc, 100kpc.,,.,, ,,. 1. Cooper A. P., et al., 2010, MNRAS, 406, De Lucia G., Helmi A., 2008, MNRAS, 391, Hyper Suprime-Cam z 1 quasar-red galaxy ( M2) (SMBH) (e.g. Magorrian et al. 1998) SMBH 7

9 SMBH QSO QSO AGN AGN (DMH) DMH AGN AGN z= SDSS QSO HSC red-galaxy (CCF) Hyper Suprime- Cam Wide DMH z=1 Kodama & Arimoto 1997 CCF z=1 QSO HOD 1. Krumpe, M., et al., 2015, ApJ, 815, Kodama, T. & Arimoto, N., 1997, A&A, 320, ( M1) (e.g., Kawaharada et al. 2010) 2 (e.g., Simionescu et al. 2011) XMM X erg cm 2 s Kawaharada, M., Okabe, N., Umetsu, K., et al. 2010, Apj, 714, Simionescu, A., Allen, S. W., Mantz, A., et al. 2011, Science, 331, ( M1) 2 (Hitomi Collaboration, 2016, 2018) Fe He 150 km s 1 Geant4 X 1. Hitomi Collaboration; 2016, Nature 535 (7610), Hitomi Collaboration; 2018, PASJ 70 (2), 1 8

10 21 HSC z 4Brightest Cluster Galaxy ( M2) Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) BCGs Von der Linden et al. (2007) BCGs BCGs cd z < 2 BCGs z 3 (De Lucia & Blaizot 2007) z > 3 HSC-SSP 179 (Toshikawa et al. 2018) z 4 proto-bcgs BCGs proto-bcg 58 i z proto-bcgs 3 proto-bcgs i z proto-bcgs z 4 1. A. Von Der Linden et al. MNRAS (2007) 2. G. De Lucia and J. Blaizot MNRAS (2007) 3. J. Toshikawa et al. PASJ 70 (2018) 22 HSC weak lensing X M1) ( X (Ux ) Weak lensing Hyper Suprime Cam 1400 weak lensing h 1 M sun < M 500 < h 1 M sun 65 weak lensing (Miyazaki et al. 2017, PASJ) X X XMM-Newton 13 weak lensing Mpc PSF X X X weak lensing X X X X 23 ALMA ( M2) ( z 6) z 6 Hubble (HST) (REionization LensIng Cluster Survey: RELICS) RELICS (> M ) 46 ( 200 arcmin 2 ) 321 z 6 8 [1] RELICS ALMA z 6 dusty RELICS ALMA 8 RELICS SPT0615-JD SPT0615-JD SPT z = 9.9 [2] SPT z = 9.9 SPT0615-JD z = 9.9 9

11 ALMA ALMA 1. Salmon et al. 2017, arxiv: Salmon et al. 2018, arxiv: ALMA ( (A ) M1) z = 1 4 (SMG) ( M yr 1 ) SMG SDP.81 z = SMG z ALMA ( 160 ) SDP.81 H 2 O(J KaKc = ) CO(J 5 4, 8 7) [1] H 2 O ( ) (AGN) [2] H 2 O( ) SDP.81 H 2 O ( ) 300 pc CO(5 4, 8 7) H 2 O ( ) CO (8 7) 300 pc H 2 O ( n(h 2 ) > cm 3 ) AGN CO (10 9) 1. ALMA Partnership 2015, ApJ, 808, L4 2. Liu L. et al. 2017, ApJ, 846, 5 25 AGN / ( M2) (SMBH) SMBH [1] (AGN) ( ) AGN SMBH AGN Eddington (λ Edd. ) (=1) ( ) [2] AGN 3 ALMA 6 (1) IRAS (λ Edd. = 1.15) CO(2-1) (, ) (2) radio-loud (z=5.18) J (λ Edd. = 3.1) [CII], SMBH, z>5 SMBH (3)Swift/BAT AGN [3] AGN (z<0.1) CO(2-1) AGN (2), (3) 45m CO 45m ALMA 1. Kormendy & Ho 2013, ARA&A, 51, Kawaguchi et al. 2004, A&A, 420, L23 3. Koss et al. 2017, ApJ, 850, ( D2), (e.g., Maiolino et al. 2004).,. Yajima et al. (2017), 10

12 ,.,,.,,.,,., (Ishiki et al. 2017),.,,.,,.,,,. 1. Maiolino, R. et al., 2004, Natur, 431, Yajima, H. et al., 2017, ApJ, 846, 3 3. Ishiki, S. et al., 2018, MNRAS, 474, α ( M1) LAE (Lyman Alpha Emitter) Lyα,. AGN (Active Galactic Nuclei),.,,.,. LAE AGN, AGN. AGN., AGN 2, Lyα., Case B., AGN. Lyα AGN. AGN,, Lyα., AGN Lyα, Lyα., AGN. 1. Hasegawa, K., & Umemura, M. 2010, MNRAS, 407, Susa, H. 2006, PASJ, 58, Gronke, M., & Bird, S. 2017, apj, 835, VLA-COSMOS M2) ( ( ) VLA-COSMOS field(1.77deg 2 ) 3GHz 7729 z < C (Lynden-Bell 1971) C 1/V max (SFG) (AGN) SFG z = 3 AGN z = 1.5 (Gruppioni et al. 2013) Square Kilometre Array(SKA) 2020 SKA SKA1 SFG AGN 10 7 VLA-COSMOS cm GALEX IRAC HSC EoR z = 6 SFG AGN 1. Lynden-Bell, D. 1971, MNRAS, 155, Smolcic, V. et al A&A 602, A1 11

13 29 HSC Lyα ( M1) z 6 (JWST, TMT, SKA, etc.) Cross-Correlation Line Intensity Mapping (CCLIM) CCLIM ( [1]) (Hyper- Suprime Cam, HSC) z = 5.7 (6.6) 425 (396) Lymanα emitter (LAE) Lyα HSC ( 4 ) CCLIM 300 kpc Lyα LAE 40 kpc Lyα ( [2],[3]) Lyα 1. Croft, R.A.C., Miralda-Escudé, J., Zheng, Z., et al. 2016, MNRAS, 457, Momose, R., Ouchi, M., Nakajima, K., et al. 2014, MN- RAS, 442, Leclercq, F., Bacon, R., Wisotzki, L., et al. 2017, AAP, 608, A8 30 HSC AGN ( M1) z 1100 z 6-10 (AGN) (e.g. Masters et al. 2012) AGN 10 AGN (Giallongo et al. 2015; cf. Parsa et al. 2018) HSC z 4-7 AGN AGN HSC COSMOS AGN X 50 AGN 1. D. Masters et al. 2012, arxiv: E. Giallongo et al. 2015, arxiv: S. Parsa et al. 2018, arxiv: b (b1 8) 31 ( ( ) M1) Kennicutt-Schmidt the GALEX- SDSS-WISE Legacy catalog(gswlc) ALFALFA(The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey) HI( ) 2 H 2 ( ) Obreschkow & Rawlings (2009) H 2 /HI H 2 Tully-Fisher 12

14 1. Salim, S. et al. ApJS, 227, 2S (2016) 2. D. Obreschkow and S. Rawlings MNRAS, 394, 1857O (2009) 3. Ciesla, L. et al. A&A, 608A, 41C (2017) 32 ( M1) ( ) N Tomoaki Ishiyama et al., 2010, APJ, 723, Tobias Goerdt et al., 2007, MNRAS, 375, Green et al., 2007, MNRAS, 375, ( ( ) M1) ( ) (SFR) (SED) AGB (coagulation) (shattering) Asano et al.(2013) (Asano ) Asano Asano Asano 1. Asano et al. 2013,EPS, 65, Asano et al. 2014, MNRAS,432, PACS Mrk231 ( M1) UltraLuminous InfraRed Galaxy; ULIRG L IR L ULIRG z = 1 2 ULIRG OH H 2 O PACS PACS Mrk231 (Fischer et al 2010) 13

15 Mrk L ULIRG PACS, km/s OH,H 2 O 1. J. Fischer, et al. 2010,A&A 518, L41 35 X 3.5keV ( M1) X Bulbul (2014) 100 ev XMM- Newton MOS PN X 2.9 ev 3.5 kev [1] (2015) [2] XMM-Newton X CCD X SXS( FWHM 4.9 ev) 3.5 kev 99% 1.0 ev [3] [3] 1. Bulbul, E., Markevitch, M., Foster, A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 789, Tamura, T., Iizuka, R., Maeda, Y., Mitsuda, K., & Yamasaki, N. Y. 2015, PASJ, 67, Hitomi Collaboration, 2017, ApJ, 837, NGC 4325 ( M1) K NGC 4325 M Mpc X NGC 4325 Chandra XMM-Newton (Lagana et al. 2015, A&A, 573, 66; Russell et al. 2007, MNRAS, 378, 1217) NGC ks NGC kev 0.7 XMM-Newton X Chandra 1. Lagana et al. 2015, A&A, 573, Russell et al. 2007, MNRAS, 378, XMM MCXC J ( M2) X X HSC X MCXC J HSC XMM 14

16 MCXCJ X XMM-Newton ( keV) ( keV) 2 2 MCXCJ J. Patrick Henry ApJ 615(2004) 38 Subaru / Hyper Suprime-Cam Iwashita Kohei ( M1) (AGN) AGN AGN AGN AGN AGN AGN AGN AGN AGN Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) AGN AGN 1 AGN AGN HSC CHORUS Ly CIV CIV AGN AGN c (c1 21) 39 Search for the most massive overdensities at z=2.2 with Subaru HSC Liang Yongming ( M1) In the MApping the Most Massive Overdensities Through Hydrogen (MAMMOTH) project, Cai+2016 has conducted n-body and radiative transfer simulations to study the relation between Lyman-alpha absorptions and halo mass distribution. They found Coherently Strong Lyman-alpha Absorption Systems (CoSLAs) could be ideal tracers for the most massive overdensities. With candidate fields selected by CoSLAs from SDSS-III/BOSS data, we carry out g-band and narrow band imaging observations using Subaru HSC, to pick up Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at z=2.2 and make clustering analysis. Through these works, we expect to construct a statistical sample of massive overdensities at the so-called Cosmic Noon. 1. Cai, Z. et al. 2016a, APJ, 833, Cai, Z. et al. 2016b, APJ, 837, Lee, K-G. et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, L ( M1) (CDM) (DMH) ( ) CDM N ( ) - Ogiya & Mori(2011) Ogiya & Mori(2014) Ogiya & Mori(2011) DMH Ogiya & Mori(2014) 15

17 DM DM DMH 1. Ogiya,G.,&Mori,M.2011ApJL,736,L2 2. Ogiya,G.,&Mori,M.2014ApJ,793,46 3. Navarro,J.F.,Eke,V.R.,&Frenk,C.S.1996a,MNRAS,283,L72 41 NGC1300 ( D1) HII NGC1300( 20Mpc) 45-m HST 1 ALMA CO(1-0) 1. Maeda et al. 2018, PASJ, doi: /pasj/psy X Circinus galaxy D2) ( (AGN: Active Galactic Nucleus) (SMBH: SuperMassive Black Hole) SMBH SMBH ( ) (Nenkova et al. 2008) X X X (Furui et al. 2016) MONACO(Monte Carlo Simulation for Astrophysics and Cosmology: Odaka et al. 2016) X Compton-thick AGN Circinus galaxy X 1. Nenkova, M., et al. 2008, ApJ, 685, Furui, S., Fukazawa, Y., Odaka, H., et al. 2016, ApJ, 818, Odaka, H., Yoneda, H., Takahashi, T., & Fabian, A. 2016, MNRAS, 462, ( D1) 16

18 (2015) NGC6946 Dobbs et al.(2016) NGC6946 NGC6946 Dobbs et al.(2016) NGC6946 Dobbs et al.(2016) 1. Beck Akahori et al (2018) 44 ( M1) 3 (Faraday Dispersion Function FDF) FDF FDF Rotation Measure(RM) FDF 2 FDF face-on FDF FDF 1. Brentjens M. A. and de Bruyn, A. G. 2005, A&A, 441, Widrow M. 2002, RMP, 74, Ideguchi, S., Yuichi, T,. Takuya, A,. Keitaro, and T,. Dongsu, R. 2017, The Astrophysical Journal, 843, ( M1) (dsph) SDSS ultra faint dwarf galaxy (DM) DM Weisz D.R. et al.(2014) dsph Hayashi, K., & Chiba, M. (2015) M31 universal Starkenburg E. et al.(2013a) Aquarius DM semi-analytic 4 Gaia DR2 universal 1. Starkenburg E.,et al.,2013a,mnras,429, Weisz D. R., et al.,2014, ApJ, 789, Hayashi, K., & Chiba, M. 2015, ApJL, 803, COSMOS ( M2) CDM 17

19 z 7 COSMOS COSMOS Suprime-Cam 3097 Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting Å M 0.8M yr Ilbert, O., Capak, P., Salvato, M., et al. 2009, Apj, 690, Lilly, S. J., Le Fevre, O., Renzini, A., et al. 2007, ApJS, 172, Taniguchi, Y., Kajisawa, M., Kobayashi, M. A. R., et al. 2015, PASJ, 67, HST- ( M1) z=2 3 z=2 3 MAHALO (Mapping Halpha and Lines of Oxygen ) -Subaru project H [OII], [OIII] trace (z=0 3) break group field survey (MAHALO DEEP field) MAHALO DEEP MAHALO DEEP GOODS-S field NB2315( =2.317 m) z=2.53 H z=3.63 [OIII] Subaru MOIRCS HST ALMA dust continuum 1. Hayashi, TK, et al. (2016) 2. Suzuki et al. (2015) 48 Changing Look Quasar ( M1) Changing Look Quasar(CLQ) 0.5 CLQ ON/OFF OFF ON CLQ CLQ CLQ Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS) Catalina Real-time Transient Survey ( 30 ) 40cm 18

20 CLQ SDSS 10 (data release 14) 49 HSC ( M1) HSC-SSP Blue cloud Red sequence HSC-SSP HSC-HSC Hybrid Search for Cluster with HSC S15B Blue Cloud servey 86 Red sequence servey Kodama and Arimoto (1998) 2. Hayashi et al Chiang et al Blue horizontal-branch stars ( M2) Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) (BHB) 300 BHB BHB SDSS u g vs g r 2 HSC u-band z-band BHB HSC SDSS HSC BHB Sextans dsph BHB completeness : 67%, purity : 62% ( α) (q) BHB α q r b r b = 200 kpc 1. Fukushima T., Chiba M., Homma D., Okamoto S., Komiyama (arxiv: ) 51 Gaia DR2 ( M1) ESA Gaia Data Release2(DR2) 13 5D ( ) Hipparcos 100 pc Gaia 10 kpc DR1 5D Gaia 6D DR2 1.5 kpc 350 DR2 (J R, J ϕ = L Z, J Z ) 19

21 n(j R, L Z ) DR2 1. Wilma H. Trick, Johanna Coronado, and Hans-Walter Rix (2018) arxiv: ( M1) z 10 3 z K 10 4 K [1] 1. Nishi, Ryoichi; Susa, Hajime. 1999, ApJL, JWST ( M1) 2020 JWST (z > 10) enzo [1] (T < 100K) (ρ > g/cc n > 10 4 /cc) z > 10 Z > 2 Z 0.5 Stellar Mass - Halo Mass(SMHM) N 2014 enzo Renaissance [2] popii SMHM 1 popiii SMHM [3] popiii SMHM 1. arxiv: arxiv: arxiv: COSMOS ( M1) M 20

22 COSMOS COSMOS 55 r-process ( M1) Fe s r s/r s r [1] r (NSM) NSM r GW170817/SSS17a NSM [2] NSM ( ) 3 r r [3] r 1. Shibagaki, S., Kajino, T., Mathews, G. J., et al. (2015), arxiv: Abbott BP et al (2017), Astrophys J Lett 848:L F. X. Timmes, S. E. Woosley, and T. A. Weaver (1995), Astrophys. J. Suppl. 98, ( M1) mbox timesmbox 2/3 (e.g. Kawaharada et al. 2010) X Abell 1835 Abell 262 Abell 1835 Abell Kawaharada, M., Okabe, N., Umetsu, K., et al. 2010, apj, 714, Seyfert AGN ( M2) (active galactic nuclei; AGN) (super massive black hole; SMBH) SMBH AGN 21

23 AGN SMBH merger merger AGN Seyfert merger Tanaka, Yagi & Taniguchi(2017) Hyper Suprime-Cam Suprime-Cam NGC 1068(M 77) minor merger faint NGC 1068 Seyfert Seyfert AGN HSC-SSP Seyfert merger Veron & Veron(2010) AGN Z<0.2 M<-19 Seyfert HSC-SSP inactive HSC-SSP Seyfert inactive merger Seyfert 1. Ichi Tanaka, Masafumi Yagi and Yoshiaki Taniguchi, PASJ, 69, 90 (2017) 58 ALMA z = [OIII] 88 µm ( (A ) M1) (z > 6) [O III] 88 µm (e.g., Hashimoto et al. 2018) z = RXC J ID3 ALMA Band 8 [OIII] 88µm RXC J (z 0.348) µ = Myr SFR UV 3M /yrz/z = (Monna et.al. 2013) [OIII]88µm 0.496mJy km/s [OIII] L [OIII] = (1.7±0.26) 10 8 L = (0.64±0.11) W SFR [OIII] Z Z SED 59 ( M1) 95% DM CDM CDM DM DM DM DM DM DM CDM DM ACDM DM < kpc DM DM DM DM DM ALMA VLA DM 1. Risa H. Wechsler and Jeremy L. Tinker Annu. Rev. (2018) 2. W. J. G. de Blok et al

MW鹿児島

MW鹿児島 NGC1068 Dark Matter Halo baryon gas stars SMBH SMBH 1 SMBHs? (AGN) AGN Seyfertization Taniguchi 1987, ApJ, 317, L57 AGN The dead quasar problem (Rees 1990, Science, 247, 817) T AGN ~ 10 8 yrs AGN AGN