日本の出生率低下の要因分析：実証研究のサーベイと政策的含意の検討
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1 ESRI Discussion Paper Series No.94 by April 2004 Economic and Social Research Institute Cabinet Office Tokyo, Japan
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6 Kosai et.al. (1998) 2003 Hotz, Klerman and Willis1996 The Economics of Fertility in Developed Countries Handbook of Population and Family Economics pp Arroyo and Zhang(1997) Dynamic microeconomic models of fertility choice: A survey Journal of Population Economics, vol.10, pp
7 replacement ratio demographic transition (total fertility rate)
8 the second demographic transition %
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14 Becker and Lewis(1981)Becker (1988) Becker and Barro(1988) and Becker(1989) altruism 1992 Becker, Murphy and Tamura (1990) 18 Barro(1991) GDP Lucas GDP GDP 60 GDP 20 Yamauchi and Senda (2003)1910
15 Schultz (1973) Human Capital Theory Theory of the Allocation of Time Household Production Function Easterlin(1969, 1973) 2 70 Becker1973 Becker
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18 3 2. (1) (2) (3) 25 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1 1 (1) (6) (7) (9) Butz and Ward 1 Butz and Ward(1979) f m m f m m W K Y Y K W K Y K Y K B ln ln ln ) (1 ln ln γ γ γ γ β β β β = = B m Y f W K ( ) ,, < = > = > + = γ β γ β γ γ β Butz and Ward 25
19 Ogawa and Mason(1986) Butz and Ward Ogawa and Mason Ohbuchi(1982, 1988), (1996) Butz and Ward Kramer and Neusser (1984)
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37 ( H ) pp pp :. Mason, AndrewTuljapukar, ShripadLi, Nan2003. Decle, Robert( pp pp VAR H
38 pp (2004) (1997)Economy, Society, Policy 306 pp (1989) 45 2 pp (1995) 42 2 pp (
39 3 4 pp No.459 pp (1999) 35 2 pp (2001). (2003) 39 1 pp , 46 pp CVM No No pp H
40 1999 H pp pp pp H pp pp pp pp pp pp
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42 3 pp (1996) 3. Waldfogel, Jane pp , pp pp No.48, pp No.459, pp pp No.860. (1998) 54 1 pp
43 pp ) pp pp pp pp pp Arroyo, Cristino R. and Zhang, Junsen (1997) Dynamic microeconomic models of fertility choice: A survey Journal of Population Economics, vol.10, pp Barro, R. J. (1991) Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.106, pp Barro, R. J. and Becker, G. S. (1989) Fertility Choice in a Model of Economic Growth, Econometrica, vol.57, pp Becker, Gary S. (1960) An Economic Analysis of Fertility, in Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries, Universities-National Bureau Conference Series, vol.1, Princeton University Press. (1973) A Theory of Marriage: Part 1, Journal of Political Economy, vol.81,
44 pp (1974) A Theory of Marriage: Part 2, Journal of Political Economy, vol.82, pp (1991) A Treatise on the Family, second edition, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, (1988) Family Economics and Macrobehavior,American Economic Review, Vol.78,pp.1-13 and Lewis, H. Gregg. (1981) On the Interaction between the Quantity and Quality of Children, Journal of Political Economy, vol. 81, pp and Barro, R. J. (1988) A Reformation of the Economic Theory of Fertility, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.103, pp.1-25., Kevin Murphy and Robert Tamura(1990) Human Capital, Fertility, and Economic Growth, Journal of Political Economy, vol.98, pp Butz, William P. and Ward, Michel P. (1979) The Emergence of Counter-cyclical U.S. Fertility, American Economic Review, vol.69, pp Cigno, Alessandro (1991) Economics of Family, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Dasgupta, Partha (1995) The Population Problems: Theory and Evidence, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.18, pp Easterlin, R.A. (1969) Towards a Socioeconomic Theory of Fertility, S.J. Behrman et al., eds., Fertility and Family Planning: A World View, University of Michigan Press. (1973) Relative Economic Status and the American Fertility Swing, E.B. Sheldon, ed., Family Economic Behavior; Problems and Prospects, Lippincott. Hotz, V. Joseph, Klerman, Jacob Alex and Willis, Robert J The Economics of
45 Fertility in Developed Countries, Handbook of Population and Family Economics, pp Kato, Hisakazu (1997) Time Series Analysis of Fertility Change in Postwar Japan, Jinkougaku-kenkyu ( ), vol.20, pp Kohler, Hans-Peter, Billari, Francesco and Ortega, José(2002) The Emergence of lowest-low fertility in Europe during 1990s, Population and Development Review, vol.28, pp Kosai, Yutaka, Saito, Jun and Yashiro, Naohiro (1998) Dealing Population and Sustained Economic Growth: Can They Coexist? American Economic Review, vol.88, pp Kramer, Walter and Neusser, Klaus(1984) The Emergence of Counter-cyclical U.S. Fertility: Note, American Economic Review, vol.74, pp Lucas, R. E. Jr. (1988) "On the Mechanics of Economic Development," Journal of Monetary Economics, vol. 22, pp Nagase, Nobuko (1997) Wage Differentials and Labour Supply of Married Women in Japan: Part-time and Informal Sector Work Opportunities, Japanese Economic Review, vol.48, No.1 pp Nakamura, Jiro (1999) On the Determinants of Career Interruption by Childbirth among Married Women in Japan, Journal of the Japanese and International Economies No.13, pp Ogawa, Naohiro and Mason, Andrew(1986) An Economic Analysis of Recent Fertility in Japan: An application of the Butz-Ward Model, Jinkogaku-kennkyu ( ), vol.9, pp Ohbuchi, Hiroshi (1982) Empirical Tests of Chicago Model and the Empirical Hypothesis: A Case Study of Japan, Jinkougaku-kenkyu ( ), vol.5, pp.8-16.
46 (1988) The Quantity and Quality of Children, Labor Supply and Wages of Married Women in Postwar Japan, Jinkougaku-kenkyu ( ), vol.11, pp Oyama, Masako (2001) Fertility Decline and Female Labor Force Participation in Japan, Discussion Paper, the Population Research Center at NCOR and University of Chicago Discussion Paper Series. Rosenzweig, Mark R and Schultz, P. (1985) The supply of and Demand for Birth: Fertility and its Life-Cycle Consequences, American Economic Review, vol.75, pp and Schultz, P. (1987) Fertility and Investments in Human Capital: Estimates of the Consequence of Imperfect Fertility Control in Malaysia, Journal of Econometrics, vol.36, pp , and Oded Stark eds (1997). Handbook of Population and Family Economics, Amsterdom: Elsevier Science B.D.. Schultz, William (1973) The Value of Children: An Economic Perspective, Journal of Political Economy, vol.81, pp United Nations (2002) National Population Policies 2001, United Nations Population Division. Waldfogel, Jane, Higuchi, Yoshio and Abe, Masahiro (1999) Family Leave Policies and Women s retention after Childbirth: Evidence from the United States, Britain, and Japan, Journal of Population Economics, vol.12, pp Willis, Robert J. (1973) A new approach to the Economic Theory of Fertility Behavior, Journal of Political Economy, vol.81, pp Yamauchi, Futoshi and Senda, Tetsuji (2003) Schooling Investment in Girls and Boys: Evidence from Rural Village in Prewar Japan, mimeo. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington D.C..
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Title ベンチャー企業の研究開発支出の決定要因 日本と台湾の事例を中心に Author(s) 蘇, 顯揚 Citation 經濟論叢 (1996), 158(1): Issue Date URL Right
Title ベンチャー企業の研究開発支出の決定要因 日本と台湾の事例を中心に Author(s) 蘇, 顯揚 Citation 經濟論叢 (1996), 158(1): 54-76 Issue Date 1996-07 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/45083 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher
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日本は今なお熟練労働集約的な財を純輸出しているか？
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