NGO 16 1 1998 400 2,400 2 450 3 1988 6 10 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law: Republic Act. 6657 Department of Agrarian Reform 4 406 1990 6 Non-Governmental Organization NGO NGO 1992 NGO PeopleÕs Organization NGO 3 Mabato-Kalaboso Samahang Magsasaka MAKASAMA NGO Pambansang Kilusang ng mga Samahang Magsasaka PAKISAMA 28 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
3 NGO NGO 5 NGO Governmental Organization NGO NGO 17 NGO 3 I II III 1999 1 1,500 96 NGO NGO NGO NGO NGO 6 Profit Organization NPONon- Profit Organization GONGO Profit OrganizationNPO 1 NGO NPO 2 NGO NPO NGO NGO 1 Government Organization Non-Governmental Organization Profit Organization Non-Profit Organization NGO 29
NGO NGO NGO NGO 7 NGO NGO NGO NGO NGO monitoring advocacy NGO 8 NGO NGO NGO 12 345ODA 6 9 NGO RA.6657PeopleÕs Agrarian Reform Code Congress for a PeopleÕs Agrarian Reform NGO 10 NGO 30 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
NGO NGO NGO NGO 11 NGO NGO NGO NGO 3 NGO 5 12 NGO NGO 13 1 2 NGO 3 3 4 5 NGO Certificate Land Ownership AwardCLOA 1999 7 1998 99 6 1 4 1955 63 72 88 55 63 72 9 NGO 31
27 RA.6657 RA.6657 27 14 RA.6657 15 7ha 5ha RA.6657 16 3ha 3ha 17 12 RegionRegional Agrarian Reform OfficeProvincial Agrarian Reform Office Municipal Agrarian Reform Office 18 Barangay Agrarian Reform Council 131 19 1987 7 22 RA.6657 5ha 15 1 3ha CLOA 32 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
2 3 2 CLOA CLOA CLOA30 1200022 Land Bank of the Philippines 30 30 CLOA CLOA 11 1 2 1987 97 10 19 7,671 19 1988 98 810 ha 87 NGO 33
97 443 6,244ha 54% 20 125 2,782ha 28% 44 631ha 11 7,583ha 26%87 97 21 89 CLOA 10 1990 NGO 22 1989 96 70ha 400 7,900 1ha 200 NGO NGO 2 NGO NGO RA.6657 12 NGO Congress for a PeopleÕs Agrarian Reform CPAR1987 5 PeopleÕs Agrarian Reform Code Parcode 6 32 34 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
1 RA.6657 NGO NGO 40% 23 1986 8 Philippine Partnership for the Development of Human Resources in Rural Areas PhilDHRRA 1986 1998 NGO New PeopleÕs Army NPA Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas KMP1985 1952 Federation of Free Farmers FFF FFF Walter Hogan 1970 80 NGO FFF 24 NPA KMP 25 KMPCPAR NGO FFF CPAR NGO NGO 35
32 1999 26 NGO 27 NGO 406 1990 NGO 3 NGO 28 3 29 1993 6 Agrarian Reform Community CLOA NGO 1,200 30 NGOPeace Foundation 1996 97 31 1992 5 270 ha 72 92 20 190 ha 32 1998 NGO CLOA NGO 1965 Presidential Economic Staff 77 10 Ten Outstanding Young Men 36 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
National Democratic Front 33 82 34 1986 Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement NGO 35 NGO 96 36 NGO 3 1 2 20 1990 1 4,480ha 17 3,453 163 1,028 12% 37 20 2 1995 57 45 102 644 20 2 3 38 NGO 37
1 0 0 75 150miles 75 150kilometles CHINA JAPAN PACIFIC OCEAN South China Sea Laoag THE PHILIPPINES LUZON Baguio SUBIC BAY NAVAL VASE CLARK AIR BASE MANILA Calamba INDIAN OCEAN INDONESIA AUSTRALIA MINDORO Philippine Sea PALAWAN PANAY Itotlo NEGROS VISAYAN Is. Bacolod Cebu SAMAR LEYTE BOHOL CEBU MINDANAO Zamboanga Davao BORNEO James Putzel, A Captive Land: the Politics of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1992. 31999 1ha 15 1ha1.5ha 8 1.5ha2ha 4 2ha2.5ha 1 2.5ha3ha 5 3ha 3 8 44 45 3 1 4 4 1 38 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
2 Calamba Tagaytay Mabato Lipa NGO1998 41999 1 2 28 42.6 4.7 1 45 7 7 41.8 5.4 1 42 6 2 41 4 1 43 6 1 43 8 1 34 5 42 41.6 5.8 NGO 39
73% 66% 1999 11 8 12 11 6 1 5,000 6,000 1 1 8,000 1 185 200 1 2 1980 1 1 1 25 1 10 1 100 150 1 800 39 2 2 12 20 1970 25% 70ha BLTB 40 2 40 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
RA.6657 1989 70ha 41 89 1ha 1 5,000 1 2.5 1996 70ha 400 7,900 99 3 1ha 200 42 45 44 1 4 NGO 1989 1 23 90 1990 98 10 98 11 99 1 99 2 5 1989 NGO 41
NGO 1988. 6 1989. 9 1990. 1 1990. 6 1992. 4 1992. 9 1992.10 1992.12 1993. 1 1993. 2 1994. 1 1994. 7 1996. 1 1996. 3 1998. 3 1998. 6 RA.6657 CLOA 30 NGO 1998.11. 9 1998.11.23 1998.12.12 1998.12.14 1999. 1.14 1999. 1.28 CLOA CLOA 50 CLOA 1999. 2. 3 1999. 2.15 1999. 3. 5 1999. 3.25 1999. 4. 5 1999. 4.16 1999. 5. 3 1999. 5.27 1999. 6.10 1999. 7.18 CLOA 25 CLOA 1CLOA 2CLOA CLOA NGO CLOA Department of Agrarian Reform, Ocular Inspection Report on the Potenciano Estate, May 25, 1999; Department of Agrarian Reform Order by Horacio Morales, Re: Application Pursuant to DAR Administrative Order No. 6, Series of 1994 Case No. A9999 13897 May 27, 1999; PAKISAMA, Facts Sheet: Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Coverage of the Potenciano Estate, 1999, pp. 15 42 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
92 CLOA94 1996 5 1998 11 9 50 2 CLOA11 23 99 1 14 43 CLOA 1999 4 5 CLOA CLOA NGO 44 5 3 70ha CLOA 18% 45 70ha 50ha CLOA 10 CLOA 46 5 NGO NGO 43
47 9 Para Legal1990 48 1999 4 5 RA.6657 49 Municipal Agrarian Reform Officer NGO CLOA 50 1998 11 44 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
99 3 51 70ha 50ha CLOA 9 CLOA Belen de la Torre CLOA CLOACLOA 1949 52 57 FFF 76 FFF 53 Laguna Institute 76 1981 Civil Service Eligibility Professional Examination 83 85 CLOA 89 1991 7,000ha254ha CLOA 80 1992 4 Katibayan ng Pagpapahalaga Region IV 98 2 FFF NGO 45
1999 3 CLOA 99 4 5 2 CLOA CLOA CLOA 6 10 CLOA CLOA 4 CLOA7 18 CLOA CLOA 2000 4 NGO NGO 46 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
NGO RA.6657 1988 90 406 NGO 92 NGO NGO NGO 1989 10 CLOA CLOA CLOA NGO 1 Anderson, Benedict, ÒCasique Democracy in the Philippines: Origin and Dream,Ó New Left Review, Vol. 169May June 1988. 2 Philippine Statistical Yearbook, National Statistical Office, 1998, p. 2 11 2 4. 3 Steinburg, David, The Philippines: a Singular and Plural Society, Westview Press, 2000, p. 203 337 338 4 Putzel, James, A Captive Land: the Politics of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila University, 1992; NGO 47
1976 ; 1991 Kerkvliet, Benedict, The Huk Rebellion: A Study of Peasant Revolt in the Philippines, University of California Press, 1977; FFF1999 5 Korten, David, ÒThird Generation Strategies: a key to People Centered Development,Ó World Development, 15 supplement, 1987, pp. 145 159; Korten, David, Getting to the 21st Century: Voluntary Action and the Global Agenda, Metro Manila, Bookmark, 1990NGO 21 1995 ; Korten, David, ÒThe Role of Nongovernmental Organization in Development: Changing Patterns and Perspectives,Ó Samuel, Paul and Arturo, Israeleds., Nongovernmental Organizations and the World Bank: Cooperation for Development, Washington, D. C., World Bank, 1991. 6 NGO 20 21 21 27 2000 241 7 Putzel, James, ÒNGOs and Rural Poverty,Ó in Silliman, Sidney G., and Noble, Lela G.eds., Organization for Democracy: NGOs: Civil Society, and the Philippine State, Ateneo de Manila University, 1998, pp. 78 79. 8 NGO1998 9 Putzel, op. cit., pp. 80 87. 10 Villanueva, Pi, ÒThe Influence of the Congress for a PeopleÕs Agrarian ReformCPARon the Legislative Process,Ó in Wui, Marlon A., Lopez, Glenda S.eds., State Civil Society Relations in Policy- Making, The Third World Studies Center, 1997, pp. 81 96; Go o, Cielito C., Peasant Movement-State Relations in New Democracies: the Case of the Congress for a PeopleÕs Agrarian ReformCPARin Post- Marcos Philippines, Institute of Church and Social Issues, 1997. 11 Clarke, Gerard, The Politics of NGOÕs in South-East Asia: Participation and Protest in the Philippines, Routledge, 1998. 12 Borras, Saturnino M., BIBINGKA Strategy in Land Reform Implementation: Autonomous Peasant Movements and State Reformists in the Philippines, Institute for Popular Democracy, 1999. 13 Ibid., pp. 8 22. 14 Putzel, A Captive Land. op. cit.; ; 1999 58 60 15 PCGG 1,030 ha 810 ha 16 20 25% Callanta, Ruth S., Poverty: the Philippine Scenario, Metro Manila, Bookmark, 1988, p. 42. 17 Putzel, A Captive Land, op. cit., pp. 259 278; Riedinger, Jeffrey M., Agrarian Reform in the Philippines: Democratic transitions and Redistribute Reform, Stanford University Press, Stanford California, 1995, pp. 153 176; 117 146 ; 59 63 18 TeamDistrictRegion 19 Borras, op. cit., p. 50. 20 Philippine Statistical Yearbook, 1998, p. 5 14 5 9 1 4 2 50ha 4 3 24ha 50ha 4 3 6 4 21 Ibid. 22 Takigawa, Tsutomu, ÒLand Conversion and its Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts in the Philippines: the Case of Cavite Province,Ó Forthcoming thesis, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2000. 23 Go o, op. cit., pp. 20 35. 24 36 37 48 Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2001
25 Borras, op. cit., pp. 51 59. 26 PAKISAMA, Indicative Performance Assessment of the Pambansang Kilusan ng mga Samahang Magsasaka, 1998, pp. 23 26; PAKISAMA, Padayon 1996 1999: Official Publication of the 5th National Congress of PAKISAMA, 1999, pp. 10 13. 27 Tripartite Partnership for Agrarian Reform and Rural DevelopmentTriPARRD, leafletn.d. 28 Philippine Business for Social Progress 29 Putzel, ÒNGOs and Rural Poverty,Ó op. cit., pp. 97 98. 30 12000 23 31 Borras, op. cit., pp. 63 64. 32 Ibid., p. 49. 33 Department of Agrarian Reform, Landmarks, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1998, p. 22. 34 Ibid., pp. 22 23. 35 PRRM 1952 36 www.angel.ne.jp/~p2aid/srddp.htm 37 AsiaDHRRA Secretariat, The Impact of Globalization on the Social Cultural Lives of Grassroots People in Asia, Jakarta, pp. 197 199. 38 National Statistical Office, Laguna, 1995. 39 1997 2000 40 1992 128 41 61 79 42 1999 3 43 Today, January 16, 1999. 44 Inquirer, April 16, 1999. 45 The Assistant Secretary for Policy, Planning & Legal Affairs in Department of Agrarian Reform, ÒOcular Inspection Report on the Potenciano Agrarian Reform,Ó Memorandum for the Secretary, 1999. 46 Department of Agrarian Reform, In Re: Application for Exemption Clearance Pursuant to DAR Administrative Order No. 6Case No. A 9999 138 97, Quezon City, 1999. 47 1999 3 32 ÒKung walang PAKISAMA, hinidi namin alam ano ang nangyayari sa Mabato. Mulat ang mata ko pagkatapos nakita ang PAKISAMA.Ó 48 1999 3 66 71 49 1996 211 215 50 22 51 Inquirer, April 16, 1999. 52 1999 10 10 53 FFF NGO 49