oxygenated hemoglobin oxyhb deoxygenated hemoglobin deoxyhb 12 NIRS PDD 2 NIRS Kuwabara 17 Kawakubo 15 PDD oxyhb PDD NIRS NIRS PDD PDD

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1 NIRS PDD ₂₄₄237 精神医学のフロンティア多チャンネル近赤外線スペクトロスコピーが示す広汎性発達障害の表情処理過程における前頭前野の賦活反応性の低下中土井芳弘 1,2, 渡部幸奈 2, 細川麻衣 3, 住谷さつき 2 2, 大森哲郎 Yoshihiro Nakadoi, Yukina Watanabe, Mai Hosokawa, Satsuki Sumitani, Tetsuro Ohmori PDD NIRS PDD NIRS oxyhb deoxyhb oxyhb PDD PDD NIRS NIRS PDD 索引用語 PDD NIRS PFC はじめに pervasive developmental disorders PDD 1 PDD PDD 2,7, PDD near infrared spectroscopy NIRS NIRS PCN 23 1

2 oxygenated hemoglobin oxyhb deoxygenated hemoglobin deoxyhb 12 NIRS PDD 2 NIRS Kuwabara 17 Kawakubo 15 PDD oxyhb PDD NIRS NIRS PDD PDD Ⅰ. 研究の方法および結果 1 PDD PDD 2 DSM IV TR PDD 6 2 Edinburgh Handedness Inventory 25 1 PDD PDD n 14 n P 0.01 IQ IQ IQ IQ AQ P P 0.01 t test Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised or 3rd ed IQ Estimated Intelligence Quotient on Japanese Adult Reading Test AQ Autism Spectrum Quotient STAI State Trait Anxiety Inventory PDD Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WAIS R 3 WAIS IQ IQ IQ Japanese Adult Reading Test JART IQ Estimated Intelligence Quotient EIQ 20 State Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI 32 Autism Spectrum Quotient AQ 3,34 NIRS 24 ETG 4000 oxyhb deoxyhb NIRS Fp1 Fp2 0.1

3 NIRS PDD 239 Patient no. 2 PDD Age years Sex FSIQ VIQ PIQ AQ Subtype Medication 1 40 F PDDNOS No medication 2 26 F Au Amoxapine 50 mg, Paroxetine 30 mg, Etizolam 1.5 mg, Tofisopam 150 mg 3 25 M As Fluvoxamine 150 mg 4 38 F PDDNOS No medication 5 33 M Au Olanzapine 5 mg 6 34 M As Zopiclone 7.5 mg, Flunitrazepam 1 mg 7 28 M Au Fluvoxamine 50 mg 8 35 F Au Paroxetine 50 mg, Aripiprazole 12 mg 9 32 F PDDNOS No medication M PDDNOS No medication M Au No medication F PDDNOS No medication F As No medication F Au No medication Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised or 3rd ed AQ Autism Spectrum Quotient, As Asperger disorder, Au autistic disorder, FSIQ Full Scale Intelligence Quotient, PDD pervasive developmental disorder, PDDNOS pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, PIQ Performance Intelligence Quotient, VIQ Verbal Intelligence Quotient ATR 13, Marumo 19 AQ Student t test NIRS integral mode 4 area area area area area area oxyhb deoxyhb diagnosis PDD area area 1 4 oxyhb deoxyhb IQ IQ IQ AQ SPSS 18.0 for Windows 2 PDD AQ 1 PDD PDD 1 oxyhb

240 2013 115 3 1 a n 14b PDD n 14 oxyhb deoxyhb oxyhb totalhb c 12 oxyhb deoxyhb diagnosis F 11.44 d. f. 1 P 0.001 area diagnosis area oxyhb PDD 0.100 0.058 mmol L mm 0.152 0.

4 a n 14b PDD n 14 oxyhb deoxyhb oxyhb totalhb c 12 oxyhb deoxyhb diagnosis F d. f. 1 P area diagnosis area oxyhb PDD mmol L mm mmol L mm 2 deoxyhb diagnosis area PDD oxyhb IQ r P IQ r P Ⅱ. 考察 1 PDD PDD NIRS PDD PDD 2 oxyhb PDD 24 P functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri 2,10,24,27 PDD

5 NIRS PDD IQ 3 PDD PDD 30 PDD fmri 7 PDD PDD fmri 2,27 oxyhb PDD PDD 6,11,18,22,28,29,31 fmri PDD 2 2,27 Marumo 19 NIRS PDD Beacher 4 fmri PDD ATR 13 Marumo 19 2 IQ PDD oxyhb IQ IQ PDD PDD IQ PDD PDD PDD IQ PDD PDD PDD PDD oxyhb 3

6 PDD 2 DSM IV TR PDDNOS Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised ADI R Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ADOS AQ AQ29 2 AQ 2 PDD NIRS oxyhb deoxyhb PDD oxyhb single photon emission computed tomography PDD 33 NIRS Brühl 5 PDD Paulus fmri blood oxygenation level dependent signal 26 PDD mg PDD PDD oxyhb PDD おわりに本論文の意義と今後の展望 PDD NIRS PDD NIRS PDD PDD functional connectivity MRI 文献 1 American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., text revision. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, D. C.,

7 NIRS PDD Ashwin, C., Baron Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., et al. Differential activation of the amygdala and the social brain during fearful face processing in Asperger syndrome. Neuropsychologia, , Baron Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., et al. The autism spectrum quotient AQ Evidence from Asperger syndrome high functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. J Autism Dev Disord, , Beacher, F. D., Radulescu, E., Minati, L., et al. Sex differences and autism brain function during verbal fluency and mental rotation. PLoS One, 7 6 e38355, Brühl, A. B., Kaffenberger, T., Herwig, U. Serotonergic and noradrenergic modulation of emotion processing by single dose antidepressants. Neuropsychopharmacology, , Castelli, F., Frith, C., Happé, F., et al. Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain, , Critchley, H. D., Daly, E. M., Bullmore, E. T., et al. The functional neuroanatomy of social behaviour Changes in cerebral blood flow when people with autistic disorder process facial expressions. Brain, 123 Pt , Dalton, K. M., Nacewicz, B. M., Johnstone, T., et al. Gaze fixation and the neural circuitry of face processing in autism. Nat Neurosci, , Damasio, A. R. Descartes Error Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. Penguin, London, Dapretto, M., Davies, M. S., Pfeifer, J. H., et al. Understanding emotions in others Mirror neuron dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorders. Nat Neurosci, , Happé, F., Ehlers, S., Fletcher, P., et al. Theory of mind in the brain. Evidence from a PET scan study of Asperger syndrome. Neuroreport, , Jöbsis, F. F. Noninvasive, infrared monitoring of cerebral and myocardial oxygen sufficiency and circulatory parameters. Science, , Kamachi, M., Bruce, V., Mukaida, S., et al. Dynamic properties influence the perception of facial expressions. Perception, , Kanwisher, N. Domain specificity in face perception. Nat Neurosci, , Kawakubo, Y., Kuwabara, H., Watanabe, K., et al. Impaired prefrontal hemodynamic maturation in autism and unaffected siblings. PLoS ONE, 4 e6881, AQ J Kuwabara, H., Kasai, K., Takizawa, R., et al. Decreased prefrontal activation during letter fluency task in adults with pervasive developmental disorders A near infrared spectroscopy study. Behav Brain Res, , Luna, B., Minshew, N. J., Garver, K. E., et al. Neocortical system abnormalities in autism An fmri study of spatial working memory. Neurology, , Marumo, K., Takizawa, R., Kawakubo, Y., et al. Gender difference in right lateral prefrontal hemodynamic response while viewing fearful faces A multi channel near infrared spectroscopy study. Neurosci Res, , Matsuoka, K., Uno, M., Kasai, K., et al. Estimation of premorbid IQ in individuals with Alzheimer s disease using Japanese ideographic script Kanji compound words Japanese version of National Adult Reading Test. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, , Moriguchi, Y., Ohnishi, T., Kawachi, T., et al. Specific brain activation in Japanese and Caucasian people to fearful faces. Neuroreport, , Müller, R. A., Kleinhans, N., Kemmotsu, N., et al. Abnormal variability and distribution of functional maps in autism An fmri study of visuomotor learning. Am J Psychiatry, , Nakadoi, Y., Sumitani, S., Watanabe, Y., et al. Multi channel near infrared spectroscopy shows reduced activation in the prefrontal cortex during facial expression processing in pervasive developmental disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, , Ogai, M., Matsumoto, H., Suzuki, K., et al. fmri study of recognition of facial expressions in high functioning autistic patients. Neuroreport, , Oldfield, R. C. The assessment and analysis of handedness The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsycholo-

8 Powered by TCPDF ( gia, , Paulus, M. P., Feinstein, J. S., Castillo, G., et al. Dose dependent decrease of activation in bilateral amygdala and insula by lorazepam during emotion processing. Arch Gen Psychiatry, , Pelphrey, K. A., Morris, J. P., McCarthy, G., et al. Perception of dynamic changes in facial affect and identity in autism. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci, , Ring, H. A., Baron Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., et al. Cerebral correlates of preserved cognitive skills in autism A functional MRI study of embedded figures task performance. Brain, 122 Pt , Schmitz, N., Rubia, K., Daly, E., et al. Neural correlates of executive function in autistic spectrum disorders. Biol Psychiatry, , Schultz, R. T. Developmental deficits in social perception in autism The role of the amygdala and fusiform face area. Int J Dev Neurosci, , Silk, T. J., Rinehart, N., Bradshaw, J. L., et al. Visuospatial processing and the function of prefrontal parietal networks in autism spectrum disorders A functional MRI study. Am J Psychiatry, , Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R. E. State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, Sugihara, G., Ouchi, Y., Nakamura, K., et al. Advances in neuroimaging research on Asperger syndrome. Nippon Rinsho, , Wakabayashi, A., Tojo, Y., Baron Cohen, S., et al. The Autism Spectrum Quotient AQ Japanese version Evidence from high functioning clinical group and normal adults. Shinrigaku Kenkyu, , 2004

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名称未設定-3 Management with Consideration for the Special Characteristics of Patients with Autistic Disorder in the Dental Setting Hiroshi NAKAGAWA Management of patients with autistic disorder (AD) can be difficult,