東アジアにおける貿易パターンと直接投資:日本製造業への影響

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1 Working Paper Series Vol Working Paper

2 EU [1998] p ,160 18, ASEAN [2001] Kimura and Fukasaku [2002] 1 1

3 HS9 HS 2 3 2

4 NIE3ASEAN ASEAN , (a) EU NIEs ASEAN (b) [1997] [1998] [2003] EU NIEsASEAN EU 3

5 (a) (b) (a) 4 (b) (a) (4 (b)) (b) 4

6 4 2.2 factor contents of trade

7 [1996] [1998] 1980 [2001] ASEAN

8 2 Grubel and Lloyed [1975] 1980 Brander [1981] Brander and Krugman [1983] k j B kj = ( X + M ) kj X kj kj X + M kj kj M kj (3.1) X kj k j M kj : k j B kj B kj n w k = n X kj + M kj ( X kj + M kj ) k = 1 (3.2) J m 7

9 w j = m ( X j + M j ) j= 1 X j + M j (3.3) m n BJ = w j wk Bkj j= 1 k = 1 (3.4) w kj B kj 1 m M mm w kj X = m M j= 1 kj + M ( X + M ) kj kj kj (3.5) (3.6) m M Bk = j= wkjbkj [2003]

10 ASEAN Helpman and Krugman [1985] BMW 9 Falvey [1981] 9 Greenaway, Hine and Milner [1994, 1995] Aturupane, Djankov and Hoekman [1999] EU Fontagné, Freudenberg and Péridy [1997]EU 9

11 10 Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] Greenaway, Hine and Milner [1995] Fontagné, Freudenberg and Péridy [1997] Aturupane, Djankov and Hoekman [1999] 2 3 (1) (2) (3) M kk j k k j M k kj : k k j UV kk j k k j UV k kj k k j 5 (1) (2) (3)3 OWTHIIT VIIT Z j j ( M ( M Z kk ' j kk ' j + M + M Z k ' kj k ' kj ) ) (3.7) Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] 11 1/ Feenstra and Hanson [2001] 11 Abd-el-Rahman [1991]Greenaway, Hine and Milner [1994] Fontagné, Freudenberg and Péridy [1997] 15 Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002]25 Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] EU HS88 Harmonized commodity description and coding System revised in Fontagné, Freudenberg and Péridy [1997] 8 Combined Nomenclature, CN 10

12 5 (One-Way Trade OWT) Min( M Max( M kk ' j kk ' j, M, M k ' kj k ' kj Min( M kk ' j, M k ' kj ) (Horizontal Intra-Industry Max( M kk ' j, M k ' kj ) tradehiit) ) ) > Min( M kk ' j, M k ' kj ) UVkk ' j (Vertical Intra-Industry Max( M kk ' j, M k ' kj ) UVk ' kj Trade, VIIT) >0.1 UV UV UV kk ' j UVk ' kj 1.25< kk ' j k ' kj < or Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] UN Statistics Division PC-TAS (Personal Computer Trade Analysis System) EU EU HIIT 5 VIIT PC-TAS HS HIIT-VIIT OWT OWT-VIIT OWT-HIIT HIIT VIIT VIIT 15 Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] 12 EU Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] 11

13 5 Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] 1980 [2001] [2001a] VIIT VIIT VIIT VIIT Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002] 12

14 Campa and Goldberg [1997] Feenstra and Hanson [1999] j ( j i ) (3.8) j j 14 i Feenstra and Hanson [1999] (3.8) i Campa and Goldberg [1997] i Feenstra and Hanson [1999] Feenstra and Hanson [1999] Campa and Goldberg [1997]

15 4 [1997] [1998] [2000] 16 [1998] 14

16 Feenstra and Hanson [1996] Head and Ries [2002] L K 2 Y K it it ln = + α ln Ait 1 ln (4.1) Lit Lit A it i t 4.1 ln 17 Slaughter [2000] 15

17 Y K it it ln ln + α ln R & Dit + α IMPASIAit + α Dt + ν i + ε it L = α 1 L (4.2) it it (R&D) (IMPASIA) (D) ν i ε it (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) [2003] JIP [2003] < JIP JIP [2001b] [2001b]

18 ASEAN 1995 ASEAN ASEAN [2002] 17

19 [2001] SITC5 pp [2001] 29 [2000] Vol [2002] [1998] [1994] No. 23 [1997] [1996] [2001a] [2001b] RIETI 01-J-003 [2003] : Abd-el-Rahman, Kamal [1991], Firms Competitive and National Comparative Advantages as Joint Determinants of Trade Composition, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, Vol. 42, pp Antrupane, Chonira, Simeon Djankov and Bernard Hoekman [1999], Horizontal and Vertical Intra-Industry Trade Between Eastern Europe and the European Union, Weltwirtschaftliches 18

20 Archiv, Vol. 135, No. 1, pp Brander, James A. [1981], Intra-Industry Trade in Identical Commodities, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp Brander, James A. and Paul R. Krugman [1983], A Reciprocal Dumping Model of International Trade, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 15, No. 3/4, pp Campa, José and Linda S. Goldberg [1997], The Evolving External Orientation of Manufacturing Industries: Evidence From Four Countries, NBER Working Paper No. 5919, February, National Bureau of Economic Research. Falvey, Rodney E. [1981], Commercial Policy and Intra-Industry Trade, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 11, pp Feenstra, Robert C. and Gordon H. Hanson [1996], Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality, American Economic Review, Vol. 86, pp Feenstra, Robert C. and Gordon H. Hanson [1999], The Impact of Outsourcing and High-Technology Capital on Wages: Estimates for the United States, , The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 114, Issue 3, pp Feenstra, Robert C. and Gordon H. Hanson [2001], Global Production Sharing and Rising Inequality: A Survey of Trade and Wages, NBER Working Paper No. 8372, July, National Bureau of Economic Research. Fontagné, Lionel, Michael Freudenberg, and Nicholas Péridy [1997], Trade Patterns Inside the Single Market, CEPII Working Paper No , April, Centre D Etudes Prospectives et D Informations Internationales. Retrieved from [ 7 June Fukao, Kyoji, Hikari Ishido, and Keiko Ito [2002], Vertical Intra-Industry Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia, RIETI Discussion Paper Series 03-E-001, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry. Greenaway, David, Robert Hine, and Chris Milner [1994], Country-Specific Factors and the Pattern of Horizontal and Vertical Intra-Industry Trade in the UK, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, Vol. 130, No. 1, pp Greenaway, David, Robert Hine, and Chris Milner [1995], Vertical and Horizontal Intra-Industry Trade: A Cross Industry Analysis for the United Kingdom, Economic Journal, Vol. 105, November, pp Grubel, Herbert G. and Peter J. Lloyd [1975], Intra-industry Trade, The Macmillan Press. Head, Keith and John Ries [2002], Offshore Production and Skill Upgrading by Japanese Manufacturing Firms, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 58, pp Helpman, Elhanan and Paul R. Krugman [1985], Market Structure and Foreign Trade, The MIT Press. 19

21 Kimura, Fukunari [2001], Fragmentation, Internalization, and Inter-firm Linkages: Evidence from the Micro Data of Japanese Manufacturing Firms, in Leonard K. Cheng and Henryk Kiezkowski, eds., Global Production and Trade in East Asia, Norwell: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Kimura, Fukunari and Kiichiro Fukasaku [2002], Globalization and Intra-firm Trade: Further Evidence, in Peter Lloyd and Hyun Hoon Lee, eds., Frontiers of Research in Intra-industry Trade, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Ramstetter, Eric D. [2002], Is Japanese Manufacturing Really Hollowing Out?, Working Paper Series Vol , September, The International Centre for the Study of East Asian Development (ICSEAD). Slaughter, Matthew J. [2000], Production Transfer within Multinational Enterprises and American Wages. Journal of International Economics, Vol. 50, pp White, Halbert [1980], A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity, Econometrica, Vol. 48, pp Yamada, Mitsuo [2002], Japanese Overseas Production within the Asia International Input-Output Framework: Japan, the US. and Asia, paper presented at the 8 th Convention of the East Asian Economic Association, 4-5 November 2002, Kuala Lumpur. 20

22

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26

27

28

29

30 OWT EU4 NIE3 ASEAN5 NAFTA HIIT VIIT : ( )ASEAN5 ( )EU4 ( ) ( )NAFTA ( )NIE3 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002], Figure 2-5. [ ]

31 (SHVIIT25) (%) (a) NIE (FDISALE) (%) VIIT (SHVIIT25) (%) (b) ASEAN GDP (FDISALE) (%) : Fukao, Ishido and Ito [2002]

32

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