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1 UNAMIR

2 HutuTutsi

3

4

5 divide and rule

6 The Hamitic Hypothesis ID

7 UNAR PARMEHUTU PrimordialismEssentialism InstrumentalismConstructionism

8

9

10

11 GNP MRND

12 GDP GDP GDP

13 MRND MDR PSD PL CDR

14 MDRPSDPL MRND MRND impunity RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF

15 MRND RPF MRNDMDR PSDPLRPF RPF RPF CDR RPF RPF

16 RPF Hutu Power ICTR RPF

17 RPF RPF national Hutuism a policy of reconciliation race ethnicity indigenous RPF

18 RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF

19 RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF final solution

20 RPF RPF MRND CDR RPF

21 RPF RTLM

22 RPF Alan J. Kuperman, The Limits of Humanitarian Intervention Genocide in Rwanda, Washington, D. C. : Brookings Institution Press,,p

23 RPF RPF RPF

24 PKF RPF RPF

25 MRND RPF RPF RPF PKOUNAMIR

26 RPF

27 greedbeliefobedience

28

29

30 PKO UNAMIR PKO UNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR

31 PKO PKO UNAMIRUNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR all necessary means UNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR

32 UNAMIR UNAMIRUNAMIR PKO PKO PDD PKO

33 PKO UNAMIR UNAMIR acts of genocide UNAMIR

34 RPF RPF RPF RPF RPF UNAMIR UNAMIR UMAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR UNAMIR

35 RPF UNAMIR UNAMIR

36 UNAMIR UNAMIR

37 RPF RPF

38

39 armed thugs

40 DNA DNA

41 RPF

42 RPF RPF

43 Human Rights Watch, Leave None to Tell the Story, New York:Human Rights Watchp Ibid. Aimable Twagilimana, The Debris of HamEthnicity, Regionalism, and the Rwandan Genocide,Lanham : University Press of America,,pp Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Human Rights Watch, ibid. Mahmood Mamdani, When Victims Become Killers Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda,Princeton : Princeton University Pressp Ibid., pp World Watchvolno Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Ibid., p

44 Alan J. Kuperman, The Limits of Humanitarian Intervention Genocide in Rwanda, Washington, D. C. : Brookings Institution Pressp African Rights, Rwanda : Death, Despair and Defiance, Revised edition, London : African Rightsp David Newbury, Understanding Genocide, African Studies Review, vol nop volno Gerard Prunier, The Rwanda Crisis History of a Genocide,NewYork:Colum-

45 bia University Presspp Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Mamdani, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., pp Ibid., p Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Mamdani, op. cit., p Ibid. Newbury, op. cit., pp Prunier, op. cit., p African Rights, op. cit., pp Ibid. Mamdani, op. cit., p Post-Colonial Patrimonial State Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Ibid., pp Ibid., p Kuperman, op. cit., pp

46 African Rights pp ICTR http : //www. ictr.org ICTR ICTR http : // African Rights, op. cit., p Ibid., p Prunier, op. cit., p Mamdani, op. cit., pp Ibid., pp Mamdani, op. cit., p Human Rights Watch, op. cit., pp African Rights, op. cit., pp Mamdani, op. cit., p no Mamdani, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., p Ibid. Roger W. Smith, Human Destructiveness and Politics : The Twentieth Century as an Age of Genocide, Isidor Wallimann and Michael N. Dobkowski eds., Genocide and the Modern Age Etiology and Case Studies of Mass Death,NewYork:Greenwood Presspp Report by the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions on his mission to RwandaApril, E/CN.///Add.,August

47 Human Rights Watch, op. cit., pp JP Mamdani, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., p Ibid., pp Kuperman, op. cit., pp Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Kuperman, op. cit., p IRIN http : // African Rights, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., p The United Nations, The United Nations and Rwanda,, TheUnited Nations Blue Books Series Volume X, New York : Department of Public Information, The United Nationsp Prunier, op. cit., p Ibid. Kuperman, op. cit., pp Ibid., p Timothy Longman, Christian Churches and Genocide in Rwanda, Omer Bartov and Phyllis Mack eds., In God s Name Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century, New York : Berghahn Bookspp RPF Prunier, op. cit., pp Longman, op. cit.,p Mamdani, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., pp African Rights African Rights, Rwanda Not So Innocent,London : African Rights

48 Human Rights Watch, op. cit., pp Ibid., pp Mamdani, op. cit., p Ibid., p John Mueller, The Banality of Ethnic War, International Security,vol no p Mamdani, op. cit., p Human Rights Watch, op. cit., pp Prunier, op. cit., p Prunier, op. cit., p Philip Gourevitch, We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families Stories from Rwanda,NewYork:Farrar Straus and Giroux p Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn, The History and Sociology of Genocide Analyses and Case Studies, NewHaven:Yale University Presspp Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Press Release SG/SM/AFR/December RPF Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p

49 Kuperman, op. cit., p Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p PKO S// May The United Nations, Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the Genocide in Rwanda, S//, December p Ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., pp UNAMIR UNAMIR PKO UNAMIR MRND UNAMIR S/RES/October S/RES/May S/RES/June The United Nations, Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during thegenocide in Rwanda p PKO UNDOF S/RES/April

50 The United Nations, Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during thegenocide in Rwanda pp Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p Gourevitch, op.cit., p Arthur Jay Klinghoffer, The International Dimension of Genocide in Rwanda, New York : New York University Pressp Ibid., p Ibid., pp S/RES/April Klinghoffer, op.cit., p African Rights, op. cit., p Klinghoffer, op. cit., p S/RES/June African Rights, op. cit., pp Klinghoffer, op. cit., pp The United Nations, The United Nations and Rwanda,, p Ibid., pp African Rights, op.cit., pp Kuperman, op. cit., pp Ibid., p Human Rights Watch, op. cit., p African Rights, op. cit., pp

51 Kuperman, op. cit., pp Ibid., p The United Nations, Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during thegenocide in Rwanda, p Gourevitch, op. cit., pp Twagilimana, op. cit., pp.xxi Mueller, op. cit., p Ibid., pp Newbury, op.cit.,pp

52 African Rights, op. cit., p

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