2016/10/21 1 (implicature) (presupposition) (speech act) Sperber & Wilson (1986/1995) (inferential model) 2 Sperber & Wilson (1986/1995) (code model) (1) (2) (3) (5) 1
Grice (1957) S x p S A x 1. A p 2. A S 1 3. A S 1 p (intention-based semantics) S p x (Strawson 1964; Grice 1969; Schiffer 1972; Harman 1974; Bennett 1976/1990; Grice 1982; Neale 1992; Davis 2003; Green 2007) (2014) MacKay (1968) Donnellan (1966) Donnellan (1966) the (attributive use) (referential use) MacKay (1968) Donnellan (1968) x p x p p x p 2
(see Buchanan 2010) (Cooperative Principle) (Grice 1975, p. 26) (Grice 1975, pp. 26-27) 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. (Grice 1975, p. 30) *1 (implicature) *1 3
(Sperber & Wilson 1986/1995) 4
(2009) Grice (2001) 3 (Grice 1975) (Levinson 2000) (Sperber & Wilson 1986/1995) (Brown & Levinson 1987) Grice (1975) (politeness) 5
(what is said) p q q q q q (Grice 1975, p. 31) (1) A: I am out of petrol. B: There is a garage round the corner. (Grice 1975, p. 32, (1)) B A B B B (2) (Grice 1975, p. 34) 6
(3) a. Miss X sang Home Sweet Home. b. Miss X produced a series of sounds that corresponded closely with the score of Home Sweet Home. (Grice 1975, p. 37) (a) (b) (b) (a) (b) (b) (b) X (b) (a) 7
4 Levinson (1983) (contrasive pragmatics) Wierbicka (2003) Lepore & Stone (2015) Lepore & Stone (2015) Horvat (2000) (4) (5) (Horvat 2000, p. 117) (4) (5) (4) (5) Can you do us the favor of making us listen? (4) (5) Wierzbicka (1985) (6) (7) 8
(6) Would you like a beer? (7) Mia lbys ochotȩ na pivo? Davis (1998) 1. 2. a 3. 4. Lepore & Stone (2015) Davis (1998) (convention) 9
5 [1] Bennett, J. (1976/1990). Linguistic Behaviour. Hackett Publishing Company, Indianapolis. [2] Brown, P. & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (,,,, 2011) [3] Buchanan, R. (2010). A puzzle about meaning and communication. Noûs, 44(2): 340-371. [4] Davis, W. A. (2003). Meaning, Expression, and Thought. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [5] Donnellan, K. S. (1966). Reference and definite descriptions. The Philosophical Review, 75: 281-304. (,,,, 2013: 91-129 ) [6] Donnellan, K. S. (1968). Putting Humpty together again. The Philosophical Review, 77(2): 203-215. [7] Green, M. S. (2007). Self-Expression. Clarendon Press, Oxford. [8] Grice, P. Meaning. The Philosophival Review, 66: 377-388. Reprinted in P. Grice (1989): 213-223. [9] Grice, P. (1969). Utterer s meaning and intentions. The Philosophical Review, 68: 147-177. Reprinted in Grice (1989): 86-116. [10] Grice, P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J. Morgan (ed.), Syntax and Semantics, Vol. 3, Academic Press, New York. Reprinted in Grice (1989): 22-40. [11] Grice, P. (1982). Meaning revisited. In N. V. Smith (ed.), Mutual Knowledge, Academic Press, New York: 223-243. Reprinted in Grice (1989): 283-303. [12] Grice, P. (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. (,,, 1998) 10
[13] Grice, P. (2001). Aspects of Reason. Clarendon Press, Oxford. (,,, 2013) [14] Harman, G. H. (1974). Review of Meaning by Stephen R. Schiffer. The Journal of Philosophy, 71: 224-229. [15] Levinson, S. C. (1983). Pragmatics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (,,, 1990) [16] Levinson, S. C. (2000). Presumptive Meanings: The Theory of Generalized Conversational Implicature. The MIT Press, Cambridge. (,,, 2007) [17] MacKay, A. F. (1968). Mr. Donnellan and Humpty Dumpty on referring. The Philosophical Review, 77(2):197-202. [18] Neale, S. (1992). Paul Grice and the philosophy of language. Linguistics and Philosophy, 15: 509-559. [19] Schiffer, S. R. (1972). Meaning. Clarendon Press, Oxford. [20] Sperber, W. & Wilson, D. (1986/1995). Relevance: Communication and Cognition (2nd Ed.). Blackwell Publishing, Oxford. (,,, 2000) [21] Strawson, P. F. (1964). Intention and convention in speech acts. The Philosophical Review, 73: 439-460. Reprinted in Strawson (1971/2004): 115-130. [22] Strawson, P. F. (1971/2004). Logico-Linguistic Papers (2nd Ed.). Ashgate, Hants. [23] Wierzbicka, A. (1985). Different cultures, different languages, different speech acts: Polish vs. English. Journal of Pragmatics, 9: 145-178. [24] Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: The Semantics of Human Interaction (2nd Ed.). Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin. [25]. (2009).., 36: 68-79. [26]. (2014).. Contemporary and Applied Philosophy, 5: 1033-1051. 11