[ 研究ノート ] 4% 19 19 20 1997a 20 Mitchell, 2002: 123 208 1997b; 2008 2 1960 1980 Abdel-Fadil, 1975; Hansen, 1969; Radwan & Lee, 1986 Abdel-Fadil, 1980; 85
Assaad, 1997 2 Hopkins Hopkins & Westergaard, 1998: 2 4 Radwan 1970 2 Radwan, 2003: 113 2000 Government of Egypt & The World Bank, 2002 El-Laithy Government of Egypt & The World Bank, 2002; The World Bank, 2006 2 Korayem, 1981 1958/59 the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CAPMAS United Nations Development Programme & Institute of National Planning 86 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
2 1) 2 1 2 3 1. 依拠するデータ 1999/2000 5 600 80 47,949 1 = 5.6 LE 47,949 603 1999/2000 600 87
2. データの特徴 1999/2000 1999 10 2000 9 1 1999/2000 0.378 El-Laithy, Lokshin and Banerji, 2003: 10 0.294 0.291 1 所得構成要素の分類 6 a 2) b 88 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
c 3) d 63.7% 14.9% 4) 43.6% 5) e 6) f 6 65.8% 16.7% 9.4% 89
2 標本世帯の基本属性 15 31.6% 40.9% 5.3 4.4 10 47.9% 39.5% 16.8% 6 80.6% 79.6% 61.4% 10.0% 12.2% 6.1% 19.0% 22.3% 12.9% 36.9% 40.4% 27.0% 34.5% 52.4% 59.7% 20.0% 14.2% 33.7% 42.2% 1996 32.0% 1. 所得の空間分布 90 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
1 1999/2000 LE/ : % % 136 17,786 4,436 33 20 0.334 70 15,188 3,604 14 11 0.218 89 11,258 2,589 14 14 0.122 135 9,404 1,856 17 24 0.091 59 9,994 2,105 8 10 0.182 101 8,475 1,569 12 19 0.132 5 15,976 3,428 1 1 0.141 8 12,661 2,278 1 1 0.175 603 12,239 2,744 100 100 0.294 1 2 3 1999/2000 1 20% 33% 1 20 1960 2 1974 2 2 91
1 1999/2000 : 1 1999/2000 2 3 2 6 3 2003 1999/2000 92 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
2 1999/2000 : 1999/2000 2003 1999/2000 93
2. 都市 農村間 カイロ 地方間所得格差の比重 2 5 2 2 2 1999/2000 : LE/ 1000 % 2 47.1 26.2 132.4 73.8 n=603 179.6 100.0 2 64.7 36.0 114.9 64.0 n=603 179.5 100.0 2 49.4 27.5 130.2 72.5 n=603 179.5 100.0 3 71.0 39.6 108.5 60.4 n=603 179.5 100.0 3 3 66.1 36.8 113.5 63.2 n=603 179.6 100.0 67.1 37.4 112.4 62.6 n=603 179.6 100.0 1 2 3 1999/2000 94 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
26.2% 36.0% 27.5% 1. 所得の構成要素 1 6 7 3 31.4% 4 30.1% 34.5% 68.9% 62.1% 34.0% 95
3 % LE/ % 74.8 75.6 70.0 72.4 86.4 73.5 65.1 56.9 77.1 62.1 68.9 1.7 2.2 21.1 23.8 11.4 10.4 69.7 71.9 52.7 70.1 34.5 27.6 30.2 35.8 31.9 26.0 30.8 21.4 21.2 25.4 21.4 27.0 44.8 36.8 72.0 76.2 54.8 55.3 96.5 98.2 86.9 96.9 72.1 15.4 10.7 5.4 2.3 2.2 9.7 2.0 0.8 1.4 1.5 6.4 47.5 59.5 40.8 41.0 34.0 46.9 35.9 41.1 36.9 38.1 43.4 LE/ 1,907 1,633 1,082 964 2,142 1,497 657 480 1,078 597 1,133 29 34 117 133 106 70 550 535 303 536 258 1,092 905 703 488 661 854 238 207 449 232 602 154 72 91 73 27 107 64 51 22 57 87 210 46 141 110 156 144 141 101 126 124 136 279 145 44 16 19 148 9 8 6 9 92 82 73 47 32 25 63 30 48 24 38 52 98 207 78 62 128 109 43 37 139 43 82 586 489 286 227 163 428 124 103 132 116 302 4,436 3,604 2,590 2,106 3,428 3,419 1,856 1,570 2,278 1,751 2,744 45,573 23,848 31,113 22,859 1,894 125,287 54,861 43,680 2,289 100,830 226,117 136 70 89 59 5 359 135 101 8 244 603 1999/2000 96 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
4 : LE % LE/ % 603 20% 1,406 35.4 31.8 12.1 2.0 6.4 0.3 2.9 2.4 6.5 100.0 20% 1,815 39.2 23.4 14.3 3.2 6.9 0.5 1.5 2.3 8.7 100.0 20% 2,207 41.9 12.2 20.2 3.5 5.8 1.0 1.5 3.6 10.3 100.0 20% 2,794 47.9 3.5 23.5 2.8 3.4 1.6 1.7 3.1 12.5 100.0 20% 5,517 43.2 1.3 25.4 2.9 3.4 5.0 2.1 3.6 13.1 100.0 2,744 41.5 14.5 19.1 2.9 5.2 1.7 1.9 3.0 10.2 100.0 359 20% 1,786 48.7 7.1 20.5 2.8 5.3 0.6 1.0 3.1 10.9 100.0 20% 2,321 46.0 3.9 22.9 3.1 4.8 1.3 1.7 3.7 12.7 100.0 20% 2,756 48.8 2.0 23.2 2.7 3.3 1.8 1.7 3.3 13.2 100.0 20% 3,431 48.8 0.8 24.8 2.5 2.3 2.5 1.5 3.7 13.2 100.0 20% 6,848 40.7 0.9 25.8 3.0 4.2 6.4 2.5 3.0 13.5 100.0 3,419 46.6 2.9 23.4 2.8 4.0 2.5 1.7 3.4 12.7 100.0 244 20% 1,269 32.7 35.1 11.2 1.5 5.5 0.4 4.1 3.1 6.4 100.0 20% 1,512 34.8 34.5 10.7 2.3 7.1 0.3 2.6 1.7 6.0 100.0 20% 1,707 31.3 35.4 11.7 2.7 8.1 0.4 1.8 1.9 6.8 100.0 20% 1,933 37.0 27.7 13.1 3.8 7.7 0.6 1.4 1.8 6.8 100.0 20% 2,348 34.4 24.3 17.1 4.4 6.9 0.6 1.6 3.7 7.0 100.0 1,751 34.0 31.4 12.7 2.9 7.0 0.4 2.3 2.4 6.6 100.0 1999/2000 97
7% 1,300 Ministry of State for Environment Affairs, 2006 20 1960 3 19% 15% 10% 1% 5% 3 3.0% 1.9% 7) 1970 8) 98 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
315 364 435 Marx, 1987 2 3 3 7% 123 102 89 65 3.3% 3.9% 2. 都市 農村 地域別の所得分布構造 1 所得階層別の所得構成要素の比重 5 20% 20% 4 99
5 1999 /2000 : LE % % % % 603 136 70 41.3 0.303 42.6 9.4 0.346 11.1 21.9 0.436 32.6 3.2 0.368 4.0 4.9 0.195 3.3 3.3 0.782 8.9 1.9 0.289 1.9 3.0 0.324 3.3 11.0 0.389 14.6 100.0 0.294 100.0 43.0 0.207 26.7 0.6 0.375 0.7 24.6 0.426 31.4 3.5 0.488 5.1 4.7 0.574 8.1 6.3 0.708 13.3 1.8 0.462 2.5 2.2 0.249 1.6 13.2 0.263 10.4 100.0 0.334 100.0 45.3 0.162 33.7 0.9 0.041 0.2 25.1 0.290 33.4 2.0 0.417 3.8 1.3 0.295 1.7 4.0 0.560 10.4 2.0 0.413 3.9 5.7 0.090 2.4 13.6 0.175 10.9 100.0 0.218 100.0 41.8 0.115 39.5 35.4 0.088 34.3 :89 4.5 0.152 5.6 29.6 0.027 8.7 :135 27.1 0.175 39.0 12.8 0.214 30.1 3.5 0.127 3.7 3.4 0.222 8.4 5.4 0.008 0.3 7.6 0.043 3.6 1.7 0.268 3.8 0.5 0.246 1.3 1.8 0.152 2.3 1.6 0.039 0.7 3.0 0.184 4.5 2.3 0.296 7.5 11.1 0.139 12.6 6.7 0.091 6.7 100.0 0.122 100.0 100.0 0.091 100.0 45.8 0.171 43.0 30.5 0.113 26.2 ;59 6.3 0.144 5.0 34.1 0.086 22.2 :101 23.2 0.277 35.3 13.2 0.215 21.6 3.5 0.260 5.0 3.2 0.478 11.7 5.2 0.045 1.3 6.5 0.221 10.8 0.8 0.342 1.5 0.5 0.317 1.2 1.5 0.256 2.1 3.1 0.021 0.5 2.9 0.249 4.0 2.3 0.047 0.8 10.8 0.215 12.7 6.6 0.154 7.7 100.0 0.182 100.0 100.0 0.132 100.0 1 2 1999/2000 100 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 2 都市 農村 地域別の所得分布構造 5 1 1 26.7% 101
102 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
1 4 1 2 103
32% 3 4 4 2 2 1 104 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009
1 2 1) 2004 2007 A GIS : 2) 2% 21% 3) 44.5% 21.2% 12.3% 9.4% 1.4% 4) 63.7% 14.9% 13.6% 5) 43.6% 29.3% 7% 6) 33% 23% 21% 10% 6% 5% 1% 7) 2006 4.8% 4% Wahba, 2007: 7 8 8) 1996 9.2% CAPMAS, 1996 日本語 2008 1997a 19 1997b 59 119 英語 Abdel-Fadil, Mahmoud (1975), Development, Income Distribution and Social Change in Rural Egypt (1952 1970): A Study in the Political Economy of Agrarian Transition, London: Cambridge University Press. (1980), The Political Economy of Nasserism: A Study in Employment and Income Distribution Policies in Urban Egypt, 1952 72, Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press. Assaad, Ragui (1997), Kinship Ties, Social Networks, and Segmented Labor Markets: Evidence from the Construction Sector in Egypt, Journal of Development Economics, 52, pp. 1 30. El-Laithy, Heba, Michael Lokshin and Arup Banerji (2003), Poverty and Economic Growth in Egypt, 1995 105
2000, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 3068 (June). Government of Egypt and the World Bank (2002), Arab Republic of Egypt: Poverty Reduction in Egypt, Diagnosis and Strategy, 2 vols., Report No. 24234-EGT (June), Washington D.C.: World Bank. Hansen, Bent (1969), Employment and Wages in Rural Egypt, American Economic Review, 59(3) (June), pp. 298 313. Hopkins, Nicholas and Kirsten Westergaard eds. (1998), Directions of Change in Rural Egypt, Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press. Korayem, Karima (1981), The Rural-Urban Income Gap in Egypt and Biased Agricultural Pricing Policy, Social Problems, 28(4) (April), pp. 417 429. Marx, Emanuel (1987), Labour Migrants with a Secure Base: Bedouin of South Sinai, Jeremy Eades ed., Migrants, Workers, and the Social Order, London: Association of Social Anthropologists, pp. 148 164. Ministry of State for Environment Affairs (2006), Egypt State of the Environment Report 2006, Cairo: Egyptian Environment Affairs Agency. Mitchell, Timothy (2002), Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity, Berkley: University of California Press. Radwan, Samir and Eddy Lee (1986), Agrarian Change in Egypt: An Anatomy of Rural Poverty, London et al.: Croom Helm. Radwan, Samir (2003), Full Employment. The Challenge in the Twenty-First Century, El-Ghonemy, M.Riad ed., Egypt in the Twenty-First Century: Challenges for Development, London & New York: Routledge Curzon, pp. 111 140. United Nations Development Programme and Institute of National Planning ( ), Egypt Human Development Report, Kalyoub (Egypt): Commercial Press. Wahba, Jackeline (2007), An Overview of Internal and International Migration in Egypt, Working Paper No. 0703, Cairo: Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran and Turkey. World Bank (2006), Upper Egypt-Challenges and Priorities of Rural Development, Report No. 36432-EG (June 15), Washington D.C: World Bank. アラビア語 CAPMAS (1996), Population Census, Cairo Governorate, Cairo: CAPMAS (in Arabic). CAPMAS (2000), Household Income and Expenditure Survey, 1999/2000, Cairo: CAPMAS, December (in Arabic). E-mail: iwasaki@bungei.kyoritsu-wu.ac.jp 106 Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2009