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1 5. MEMS 3 :

2 IC NMOS ( )

3 (T.Hoshino (Tokyo Electron Ltd.) et.al., 18 th Sensor Symposium late news, 2001) memory : Probe (pad) Count 4000 Cobra probe cards 2000 ASIC 200 LCD driver IC Epoxy-needle cantilever probe cards 50 RF device Membrane probe card Probe pitch (um) Probe card Application)

4 10000 Formfactor( ) 90um, 9867, 253DUTs MEMS type memory Probe (pad) Count ASIC JEM( ) 80um, 4860, 64DUTs MJC( ) 50um, 4672, 64DUTs TCL( ) 48um, 1248, 32DUTs LCD driver IC Cascade microtech( ) 50um RF device Membrane type Probe pitch (um)

5 ( ) MEBDW Multiple Electron Beam Direct Write (J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B18(6), Nov/Dec )

6 (P.N.Minh, MEMS 04 (2004), p.430)

7

8 (Fowler-Nordheim plot)

9 Si-MFE (Micro Field Emitter ) (SEM), 43 (2000) p.112

10 (SEM), 43 (2000) p.112 (NSOM) (AFM)

11 (NSOM) (AFM) (P.H.Minh, MEMS 99) (NSOM) ( 20nm)

12 NSOM AFM NSOM AFM Optical throughput (intensity) versus aperture diameter (P. N. Minh et.al. Review of Scientific Instruments, 71,8 (2000), )

13 plasmon Narrow gap (several 10 nm. It determines the resolution) Polarization Incident light plasmon Localized and highly enhanced optical near-field. Bow-tie antenna (Opposed metal triangles) (K.Iwami, 4th Asia-Pasific Intern. Conf. on Near-Field Optics (APNFO-4), Taiwan (2003 Oct.13-16) pp.55-56) NSOM

14 AC turn off AFM NSOM AFM SNOM SEM Oxidation Si(100) Si 2 2 Patterning Photoresist Oxide Patterning Si Etching Super Critical Drying 20nm (X.Li et.al., MEMS 2002, Jan.22, TP41)

15 (J.Yang et.al., Appl. Phys. UHV Q Lett., 77, 2000) Laser Doppler Lens Electrode Cantilever Optical Window Phase Adjustor Filter Wave Converter Network Analyser Pulse Counter Vacuum Chamber V Computer ~ torr (UHV)

16 The mass of the CNTs bundle before storage g After hydrogen storage g The hydrogen storage capacitance 6.0 wt.% Mass resolution g 170 nm, Q (T.Ono et.al., MEMS 2001) Si w Qo RF B F B M F:Force w B: N =r B M: r: w Qo : w N : (N)MRFM [(Nuclear)Magnetic Resonace Force Microscopy]

17 5x x10-13 Force (N) 3x x x Amplitude of Magnetic Field (mt) 50nm Si 1.5 m Fe Cantilever Coil Piezo scanner Magnet MRFM (T.Ono et.al., MEMS 2001) 10 4 T/m N f 0 f 0 f 0 /f 0 f 0 27kHz N/m Q H m Q

18 Switchable cantilever for a time-of-flight scanning force microscopy D.W.Lee, Applied Physics Letters, 84 (2004) pp

19 ( HORIBA Report 7 (1993) ) VO 2 ( ) 377 / 0 0 1/2 = 377 ( 117-E (1997) p.612)

20 ( 117-E (1997) p.612) pn (M.Kimmata et.al., 2001 Intn. Conf. on Solid State Device and Materials, (2001) p.466)

21 MOS Tr

22 1

23 ( ( ) MSS (2002)) ( ( ) MSS (2002))

24 G : ( ) ( ( ) MSS (2002)) C 0.1K Joule/K Q 6 kev X Joule T 10 3 K) (L.Mechin et.al., Sensors & Actuators A55 (1996) p.19)

25 X (L.Mechin et.al., Sensors & Actuators A55 (1996) p.19) X ( Vol.13, No.12 (1998) p.18)

26 X ( Vol.13, No.12 (1998) p.18) (T.Ono, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 42, Part 1, No.6B, p.3867 (2003) )

27 (b) (c) (d) (e) PMMA Moth-Eye-Effect ( technotrans ) ( )

28 S.C.Terry, Ph.D. dissertation Stanford University (1975) S.C.Terry et.al, IEEE Tras. On Electron Devices, ED (1979) ( ) ( )

29 Si

30

31

32 Ion Mobility Spectrometer (R.A.Miller (Charles Stark Draper Lab.), Solid-State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, p.120 (2000))

33 IMS ESI (Electrospray ionization) (X.-Q.Wang, MEMS 99, p.523 (1999))

34 ESI (Electrospray ionization) (X.-Q.Wang, MEMS 99, p.523 (1999))

35 20mm (M.Esashi et.al., Transducers 87, )

36

37 (K.Hirata et.al., Transducers 2001, ) 20mm

38 ( )

39 ( )

40

41 (M.Schwarz et.al. : Sensors & Actuators, 83 (2000) pp.40-46)

42 PTCA (Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty)

43 (SMA)

44 (K.-T.Park, IEEE J. of Microelectromechanical Systems, 8,p.349 (1999))

45 (Y.Haga et.al. MEMS 2000, ) ( )

46 SMA

47 1mm

48 0.5mm 0.5mm (T.Mineta et.al., Transducers 2001, )

49

50 3 mm (M.Fujita et.al., Sensor symposium, (May 2002))

51 5.5x x x x x x x Intensity (V) Intensity (V) x10 6.0x x x x x x x x x x x10-5 Time (sec) x x x x x10-5 Time (sec) Intensity (V) x10 6.0x x x x x x10-6 Intensity (V) x x x x x x x x x x x x10-5 Time (sec) x x x x x10-5 Time (sec) Intensity (V) x x x x x x x10-6 Intensity (V) x x x x x x x x10 4.0x10 6.0x10 8.0x10 1.0x10 Time (sec) Intensity (V) x x x x x x x10-6 Intensity (V) x10 4.0x10 6.0x10 8.0x10 1.0x10 Time (sec) x x x x x x x x x x x x10-5 Time (sec) x x x x x10-5 Time (sec)

52 Lower electrode (signal electrode ) 1mm Upper electrode (common electrode) Flat US transducer Convex shaped US transducer 8-elements ring-array convex shape transducer (J.J.Chen, MEMS 04 (2004) p.857) Post-CMOS CMUT (Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer) (R.O.Guildiken, MEMS2005 p.315)

53 CMUT (Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer) (R.O.Guildiken, MEMS2005 p.315) (,120-E,5 (2000) p.211)

54 CG CG MRI

55 (N.Kikuchi et.al., Transducers'03, Boston (2003 June 9-12)) 1mm

56 5 mm Φ 3.8 mm 1 mm PC (Cr) 4 (T.Katsumata et.al., Optical MEMS 97) (K. Totsu et.al., Transducers 03 (2003) )

57

58 125µm Si Optical fiber

59 Optical fiber USB PC B5 size Hear Optical fiber Coupler Spectrometer White light Source 100µm ( ))

60 500Hz ~ ~

61 Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor ( 46 ) (Supplement to the J.J.AP.,44 (1975), )

62 ISFET ISFET ph PCO 2 (Med.& Biol.Eng.& Comp.,18 (1980) p.741)

63 ISFET ph PCO 2 ISFET ph

64 ISFET (NH 2 ) 2 CO + 2H 2 O + H + 2NH HCO 3

65 ISFET ISFET ph (R.Chida et.al., J. of Dental Research, 65 (1986) )

66 Si 3 N 4 surface Al 2 O 3 +SiO 2 surface ph pna ISFET M.Esashi et.al. IEEE Trans. on Electron Devices ED (1979) ISFET (Supplement to the J.J.AP.,44 (1975), )

67 ISFET (S.Shoji et.al., Sensors and Actuators, 14 (1988) pp )

68 (i-stat)

69

70 (CD ) (M.J.Madou, Biomedical Microdevices, 3, 3 (2001) pp ) (CD )

71 100 l 15 7 CD (M.Esashi et.al. : Sensors and Actuators, 20,1/2 (1990), )

72 ( ) 20 mm

73 ( CHS 00 7 (2000)) (S.C.Jacobson, Solid State Sensors and Actuators Workshop, p93 (1998))

74 ( ) (K.Handique et.al., Solid State Sensor & Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head (1998))

75 Deep RIE QCM (Quarts Crystal Microbalance) (L, Li et.al., Proc. of the 21th Sensor Symp., Kyoto, (2004) pp.19-22)

76 Spherical bi-convex QCM : : (a) Planer QCM (b) Sperical Bi-convex QCM QCM QCM (L, Li et.al., Proc. of the 21th Sensor Symp., Kyoto, (2004) pp.19-22)

IC NMOS ( )

IC NMOS ( ) 5. MEMS 3 : IC NMOS ( ) (T.Hoshino (Tokyo Electron Ltd.) et.al., 18 th Sensor Symposium late news, 2001) 10000 memory : Probe (pad) Count 4000 Cobra probe cards 2000 ASIC 200 LCD driver IC Epoxy-needle

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